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1.
基于ECOMSED三维数值模拟方法研究了连云港港口海域岸线变化对纳潮量的影响,计算了岸线变化前后港域的纳潮量。结果表明,岸线变化后港域的大潮纳潮量变小,中潮和小潮的纳潮量相对于岸线变化前略高。断面潮量变化表明岸线变化后港域纳潮量减小,纳潮空间配置发生变化。 相似文献
2.
以废黄河三角洲海岸盐城市滨海港的建设为背景，通过建立二维潮流泥沙数学模型，模拟建港前后水动力场环境与泥沙运移变化，分析滨海港建设对近海水沙的影响。南北堤建成后，流速变化主要集中在防波堤建设区域15 m等深线以内海域，变化量为-0.8～0.5 m/s。北堤堤头流速增幅明显，除大潮落急外港区均处在流速减小区，流速衰减幅度最高可达0.6 m/s。建港工程造成海域内潮汐不规则性减弱，主要分潮的平均振幅比降低约10%。建港工程对近海地貌格局的影响集中在港区周围8 km范围，且基本在16 m等深线以内海域，淤积区域分布在港区口门周围，冲刷区域分布在北堤堤头，床面变化随着时间推移加剧。 相似文献
3.
为探究渤海岸线及水深变化对水动力的影响,基于Delft3D水动力学模型,选用2003年和2015年作为围
填海前后的典型年份,建立了围填海前后岸线及水深条件下的渤海三维水动力模型,并对水动力场进行了模拟。通过对围填海前后潮波和潮余流的分析,得到了岸线及水深变化对渤海水动力场的影响。结果表明:填海后,岸线及水深变化会对渤海主导分潮M2分潮产生较大影响,秦皇岛附近无潮点向西北方向偏移,渤海海域M2 分潮振幅总体减小;潮致余流场受岸线及水深变化影响较大,其中渤海湾曹妃甸港南部形成复杂的涡流,沿岸海域余流增大;滨海新区附近形成多个小范围环流,且天津港到黄骅港北部沿岸海域2015年余流比2003年增加3~5 cm/s;黄骅港南部形成一个逆时针环流,并且该处余流减小2~5 cm/s。辽东湾辽河口附近由于水深增加导致余流减小2~7 cm/s。莱州湾黄河口附近的逆时针环流向东南方向移动,黄河口北部余流略有减小,东南部余流明显增大,增加量最多能达到9 cm/s。刁龙嘴南侧顺时针环流减小,北侧顺时针环流增大4~9 cm/s。 相似文献
4.
河口三角洲区域地质环境脆弱，对环境变化响应敏感，三角洲港口冲淤演变受工程结构影响较大。黄河三角洲的东营港区域以粉砂质海岸为主，区域内泥沙运移活跃，此类区域港口建设的关键问题在于工程结构导致的海床冲淤变化。通过东营港建港以来实测水深数据构建水下地形数字高程模型(DEM)，并结合水动力数值模拟，探讨了东营港冲淤演变过程和工程影响。结果表明，由于波浪和潮流导致的海底地形变化，东营港近岸海域的冲淤演变形势已从单一侵蚀转变到近岸侵蚀、离岸淤积的新情势；工程结构影响局地潮流流速和流向，口门处出现高速横流，最大流速可达0.7 m/s；高流速导致北防波堤的堤头位置出现直径约1 km的冲刷坑；工程结构的遮蔽区有促淤效应，遮蔽区大小与潮流流向、工程结构-岸线夹角有关，但在波浪、余流的作用下，2007-2015年工程结构遮蔽区依旧存在0.5 m以上的侵蚀。持续的侵蚀作用使海域防波堤和海堤的不稳定性加剧，迫切需要加强检测与防护。 相似文献
5.
黄河口新口门海域流场分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
1996年9月在黄河口新口门附近海域设置3个断面9个站位,对海流、水温、盐度和含沙量进行了连续2个潮周期多层次同步观测。结果表明：新口门属不正规的半日潮型。流速口门前大于两侧,左侧最小,深水区大于浅水区,流速垂向分布呈不均匀现象,表层大于底层频率最高。含沙量垂向分布为上小下大,泥沙输移方向口门处与径流方向一致,其它部位与潮汐相对应。泥沙扩散范围达500km^2。 相似文献
6.
《海洋湖沼通报》2017,(4)
近年来,渤海湾实施了围海造地工程,岸线的改变会影响渤海湾水动力特征。利用验证后的三维潮流数学模型ROMS对2003和2010年天津港附近海域潮流场进行了模拟,在此基础上,探讨了天津港附近海域的潮流特征、潮流的分层特点和围海造地引起的潮流场变化情况。结果表明:东疆港东北部与汉沽之间海域涨潮流速减小0.1~0.18m/s,落潮流速减小0.1~0.15m/s,南疆港北部海域涨潮流速减小0.05~0.1m/s,落潮流速减小0.05~0.1m/s,临港工业区附近海域涨潮流速减小0.1~0.18m/s,落潮流速减小0.1~0.15m/s,南港附近海域涨潮流速减小0.1~0.15m/s,落潮流速减小0.1~0.15m/s。 相似文献
7.
根据黄河口外大量的现场历史观测资料分析发现,其附近海域流场存在着明显的高流速区。这些高流速区在大时间尺度上随着入海流路的改变以及黄河三角洲的演变也发生着此消彼长的变化。利用ChinaTide潮汐预报软件模拟海域潮汐,并利用不同历史年代的海图资料构建海域地形,通过建立黄河口数学模型分析了黄河口流场特性;利用2015年营口港的潮位资料以及实测流速值对数学模型进行了率定和验证;然后分别利用数学模型,对不同代表年的流场进行模拟复演。计算结果表明:(1)自1962年,黄河口沿岸就已经存在高流速区,分别位于甜水沟和神仙沟口外;(2)1976年,从神仙沟到清水沟一线沿岸存在着多个小型的高流速区群;(3)1996年至今,该阶段内存在3个高流速区,分别位于湾湾沟、神仙沟以及清8口门3个沙嘴处;(4)高流速区的演变与海岸形态的变化存在着密不可分的联系,岸线凸出的沙嘴处往往容易形成平面高流速区。 相似文献
8.
东营港附近海岸是典型的粉砂质海岸,其周边海域泥沙运动活跃,岸滩冲淤变化显著。近年来,海岸工程建设对其沉积动力环境造成显著影响。基于东营港海域2007年和2015年实测水深数据,利用水深地形对比、数值模拟和流速对比的方法,探讨了东营港海域冲淤特征及其影响因素。结果表明:研究区整体呈近岸侵蚀、离岸淤积的状态,自飞雁滩向东营港。其冲淤平衡点水深由9m变化至6m;飞雁滩附近海域泥沙易于起动,海底侵蚀增强,侵蚀产生的泥沙有随SE向流运移的趋势;研究区最大波浪破碎水深为6m左右,东营港附近海域冲淤平衡点水深与该水深相对应;海岸工程建设造成局部海域冲淤趋势改变,东营港防波堤堤头周围海域侵蚀强烈,堤坝两侧显著淤积。 相似文献
9.
丁字湾的规划会对丁字湾内水动力和纳潮量有影响,从而影响着丁字湾与外海的水交换,影响丁字湾内水质与生态环境。本文利用二维潮波运动方程建立了崂山头至古龙咀以西海域潮流数值计算模式,数值模拟了规划实施前后丁字湾内水动力和纳潮量的变化,数值模拟结果表明:丁字湾规划实施后,整个规划范围内大部分区域流速增大,尤其丁字湾中央水道流速增大明显,涨潮时,丁字湾湾口附近水道流速增量最大,在0.48m/s以上,落潮时马河港大桥处的流速增量最大,在0.54m/s以上。湾外流速变化不大。丁字湾内纳潮量增大了42%(海即大桥连线)、33%(丁字嘴—栲栳岛连线),丁字湾规划大大改善了丁字湾的水动力,增加了丁字湾内纳潮量。规划有利于丁字湾与外海的水交换和湾内水质与生态环境的改善。 相似文献
10.
河流输沙、水深地形演变、大型海洋工程的建设均会对海洋水动力产生明显影响。本文基于MIKE21数值模型,对不同时期水深岸线条件下莱州湾西南侧海域的水动力演变特征及潍坊港建设对水动力的影响进行研究。结果表明,1984~2007年,黄河现行河口东南侧高流速区位置向SE向移动,莱州湾湾口及西南侧海域流速增大,增大幅度在10 cm/s左右。潍坊港10 km引堤工程的建设导致引堤端头处流速增大10~20 cm/s,引堤两侧流速减小15~20 cm/s,流向偏转量在10°~40°;潍坊港扩建工程的建设导致防波堤端头处流速增大5~20 cm/s,两侧海域流速减小5~20 cm/s,流向偏转5°~20°。黄河口沙嘴的形成对其南侧海域形成有效掩护,而潍坊港工程的建设对其两侧海域起到一定的掩护作用,导致该海域有效波高显著减小,水动力强度减弱。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献
19.
Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
20.
Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献