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1.
随着经济的发展,越来越多的人在海岸带地区生活和工作,由此带来的一系列资源利用和环境污染问题,也给海岸带带来了巨大的压力,协调海岸带地区经济发展和生态维护之间的关系已成为全球可持续发展的巨大挑战之一.ICM已经成为解决海岸带资源利用与生态环境矛盾的有效工具,而EBM理念的融合对ICM的实施产生了积极的效果.在简要介绍厦门ICM体制的基础上,重点介绍其将EBM理念应用于ICM的具体做法和典型案例. 相似文献
2.
海岸带综合管理被广泛认为是实现海岸带社会经济与生态环境可持续发展的重要途径之一.本文运用海岸带综合管理（ICM）的相关理论,结合厦门海岸带管理面临的实际问题, 在对厦门第一轮ICM执行情况进行充分回顾、评估的基础上,对厦门第二轮ICM面临的主要问题、涉及的优先领域及主要目标进行了分析研究;并在此基础上形成了厦门第二轮海岸带综合管理的战略行动计划. 相似文献
3.
海岸带综合管理(Integrated Coastal Mamgement,ICM)是一个用以制定政策和管理战略,以解决海岸带资源利用冲突,控制人类活动对海岸带环境影响的一个持续的、动态的过程。从更深一层次上说,海岸带综合管理就是要通过对海岸带经济、社会、资源和环境复合系统进行系统分析和系统设计, 相似文献
4.
海岸带是海陆交界的特殊地带,它包括陆地和水域两部分。海岸带由于其拥有丰富的资源,成为人类活动最为活跃的地带,港口资源、自然景观和人文景观资源、水产资源、矿产资源和湿地生态资源,是海岸带和海洋经济发展的重要依托。海岸带由于海陆的交互作用,自然和人类活动过程极为活跃,因此,海岸带的生态环境较为脆弱。合理开发和利用海岸带资源,切实保护好海岸带环境是可持续发展战略的重要保证,是厦门市实现海湾生态型城市的基本前提。 相似文献
5.
山东沿海港口自然资源评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
港口资源在海岸带开发利用中是极为宝贵的资源。本文根据山东海岸的各种自然条件和已建港的岸线使用情况，通过综合分析，对山本省海岸带的港口资源进行了评价。 相似文献
6.
介绍了港口资源整合的模式以及整合过程中需要注意的问题，分析了环渤海地区港口资源的整体情况、存在的主要问题，指出环渤海地区港口资源需要整合。结合环渤海地区港口群发展规划，分析了资源整合的设想和未来的发展趋势。 相似文献
7.
山东半岛沿海环境条件得天独厚,而国民经济发展落后于珠江、长江三角洲。基于港口铁路、公路运输网络布局,本文分析了存在的主要问题并概述了山东海岸带、港口、内河航运、铁路和公路现状。根据山东社会总产值、工农业总产值、国民收入三项指标以及山东物产、矿藏资源、海岸线长、海洋资源丰富等优越条件,讨论了港口建设与城市建设的关系和港口、铁路、公路建设的合理布局,讨论了形成合理的港口、铁路、公路运输网络对山东,特别是山东半岛经济发展的地位和意义。 相似文献
8.
海岸带自然资源价值评估的研究现状与趋势 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
海岸带生态系统服务和资源价值评估是海岸带国民经济核算体系的基础，是实现海岸带资源优化配置和海岸带综合管理的重要环节。本文从资源价值观、评估方法和应用研究等方面，评述了国内外近20年来对海岸带生态系统服务和资源价值评估研究现状，分析了目前研究存在的难点和不足以及主要研究趋向。指出海岸带生态系统服务和资源价值的发生机理研究、区域异质性研究、建立和完善价值估算的数据库体系、建立为海岸带综合管理服务的生态-经济-环境综合核算体系是今后相关研究中亟待解决的重点问题。 相似文献
9.
本文分两部分,首先简要地介绍了浙中海岸带的资源特点,以便更全面了解浙中海岸带的资源状况;然后根据资源特征以及浙中沿海地区目前经济社会的发展水平,论述了海岸带资源开发的途径和重点,从港口建设、滩涂开发、海洋水产资源利用、海岸带旅游业的开拓以及海岸带工业的发展等方面作了探讨。 相似文献
10.
实现国土开发优化是“十三五”乃至未来更长时期我国经济社会发展的重要目标,而陆海空间开发是其中实现高质量发展的战略要点之一。当前,随着我国海洋开发利用深度和广度的持续拓展,用海需求扩增与海域资源和空间稀缺的矛盾日益凸显,这对协调海洋资源开发与环境保护的关系以及提升海洋利用现代化水平提出新要求。基于人海和谐理念加强海洋生态文明建设、统筹陆海发展、维护海岸带生态系统健康以及实现海洋开发与保护的良性互动,成为新时期发展海洋事业的必然要求。在具体实践中须注重5点内容：科学编制海岸带规划,优化海岸带开发利用格局;加强海岸带空间用途管制,细化深化管制任务,丰富管制“工具箱”;提高海域资源节约集约利用水平,实现海域资源科学、高效利用;提升海洋生态系统碳汇能力,推动海岸带蓝碳发展;加强海洋要素市场化配置,推动海洋经济向质量效益型转变。 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
16.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
17.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
18.
I. G. Ostrovskaya 《Physical Oceanography》1992,3(5):397-403
Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
19.
Al. A. Shreider 《Oceanology》2007,47(1):91-103
The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates. 相似文献
20.
The study of the sedimentary body of the Bransfield Strait has made it possible to identify several sedimentary complexes, to construct the first electronic charts for the acoustic basement, and to establish four stages of the evolution of its floor, which updates the previous knowledge about the formation of the strait. At the first stage, there was an increase in tension stresses that were accompanied by the local splits of the continental crust at the periphery of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the second stage, a graben-like structure filled with the Lower stratigraphic complex was formed northward of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the third stage, the continuing processes of extension led to intensive explosive activity of the growing volcanic structures and filling of the graben with sediments of the Middle seismostratigraphic complex. The fourth stage, which has continued until recently, is characterized by quasi-linear localization of the major centers of volcanic activity in the band closer to the South-Shetland Islands and the formation of the Upper seismostratigraphic sedimentary complex. The evolution of the floor of the Bransfield Strait reflects the process of penetration of the American-Antarctic ridge to the continental lithosphere of the Antarctic Peninsula for the last million years. 相似文献