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数字高程模型（DEM）是描述地表起伏形态特征的空间数据模型。DEM完全可以代替传统使用等高线对地形表面的描述，进而满足对等高线数据相同的各种需求。内插是DEM的核心问题，它是DEM各种应用的基础。介绍了加权最小二乘曲面拟合法构建规则格网DEM的理论和方法。试验结果表明：加权最小二乘曲面拟合算法具有插值结果较精确、处理效率较高和模拟地表效果较好等优点。 相似文献
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我国海洋渔业地理信息系统发展现状 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
详细总结了我国海洋渔业地理信息系统的研究与应用现状,远洋渔业地理信息系统主要应用于金枪鱼、鱿钓业和秋刀鱼的资源分布、渔获量与渔场环境关系、渔情预报、渔场图绘制等方面,近海主要用于分析东海渔业资源分布和漂移特征、渔场环境分布、部分种类渔获量分布与环境关系及渔情预报等方面。除渔业资源与渔场领域外,渔业地理信息系统还被应用到渔船跟踪、捕捞违法行为判别、渔业信息发布和水产品查询,以及渔港建设等领域,国内学者在进行渔业地理信息系统技术应用的同时,还注重了其技术的研究及改进。 相似文献
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一种基于海量数据库的DEM动态可视化方法 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
由于传统的基于文件管理的虚拟地形景观漫游系统在数据安全性、多用户操作、网络共享及数据动态更新等方面已不能满足数字城市或数字地球对海量空间数据一体化管理和在线实时应用的要求。介绍了基于Oracle海量数据库的：DEM动态可视化方法，包括金字塔结构的数据组织机制、采用数据分页的动态调度技术、与视点相关的地形简化和基于多线程的渐进描绘技术等。根据全国1：25万比例尺DEM数据库的应用实验证明该方法是可行的，并可以推广到影像以及其他模型数据的集成应用。 相似文献
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通过对卫星测高数据进行分析,结合国内外有关海面高度数据在海洋渔场分析方面应用的文献,着重分析了海面高
度数据与常规海洋外界环境因子之间的关系,概括了海面高度数据对海洋渔场资源变化的影响,并综述了西方渔业发达国家
利用测高数据采用直接和间接方法在海洋渔场环境分析及渔情预报方面的研究应用与进展,最后指出我国海面高度数据在渔
场分析方面的应用现状以及存在的问题,并基于国外情况,对我国今后使用卫星测高数据在渔场方面的应用研究提出了几点
建议。 相似文献
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根据2009-2013年台风数据分析了我国近海渔场遭遇台风情况,结果显示5年内全国52个渔场中有47个遭遇过台风,总数为337次,中沙东部渔场台风数高达27次,占总数的8%,属于渔场中遭遇台风的热点区域,同时选出了中沙东部渔场、北部湾南部及海南岛西南部渔场、东沙渔场、海南岛东南部渔场、江外渔场、闽东渔场等19个遭遇台风次数和频率较高的典型台风渔场。以宁波市象山县渔船为例,研究其主要作业渔场以及台风过程对作业的影响,结果表明象山县渔船主要作业渔场有6个,其中舟外渔场、鱼外渔场和江外渔场属于全国典型台风渔场,且渔船回港避风与台风逼近过程有明显的同步性。较其它渔船险情,台风险情造成的生命和财产安全问题更加危急和严重,对此提出了几个建议:(1)培养渔民合法、安全和科学的捕捞意识;(2)推进船用通讯设备的安装和使用;(3)开发实时船用台风预警系统;(4)完善救援体系,鼓励和支持渔船互助组间的帮助和救援行为。 相似文献
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人工渔礁工程中几个技术问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
论述了人工渔礁工程在增殖渔业资源和改善海洋生态环境方面的作用;阐述人工渔礁工程增殖渔业资源和改善海洋生态环境的机理;总结、归纳目前人工渔礁工程上的一些较成熟的技术和作法;展望未来人工渔礁工程的发展前景。 相似文献
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The pelagic species is closely related to the marine environmental factors, and establishment of forecasting model of fishing ground with high accuracy is an important content for pelagic fishery. The chub mackerel(Scomber japonicus) in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea is an important fishing target for Chinese lighting purse seine fishery. Based on the fishery data from China's mainland large-type lighting purse seine fishery for chub mackerel during the period of 2003 to 2010 and the environmental data including sea surface temperature(SST), gradient of the sea surface temperature(GSST), sea surface height(SSH) and geostrophic velocity(GV), we attempt to establish one new forecasting model of fishing ground based on boosted regression trees. In this study, the fishing areas with fishing effort is considered as one fishing ground, and the areas with no fishing ground are randomly selected from a background field, in which the fishing areas have no records in the logbooks. The performance of the forecasting model of fishing ground is evaluated with the testing data from the actual fishing data in 2011. The results show that the forecasting model of fishing ground has a high prediction performance, and the area under receiver operating curve(AUC) attains 0.897. The predicted fishing grounds are coincided with the actual fishing locations in 2011, and the movement route is also the same as the shift of fishing vessels, which indicates that this forecasting model based on the boosted regression trees can be used to effectively forecast the fishing ground of chub mackerel in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. 相似文献
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An operational satellite remote sensing system for ocean fishery 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Ocean environmental information is very important to supporting the fishermen in fishing and satellite remote sensing technology can provide it in large scale and in near real-time. Ocean fishery locations are always far away beyond the coverage of the satellite data received by a land-based satellite receiving station. A nice idea is to install the satellite ground station on a fishing boat. When the boat moves to a fishery location, the station can receive the satellite data to cover the fishery areas. One satellite remote sensing system was once installed in a fishing boat and served fishing in the North Pacific fishery areas when the boat stayed there. The system can provide some oceanic environmental charts such as sea surface temperature (SST) and relevant derived products which are in most popular use in fishery industry. The accuracy of SST is the most important and affects the performance of the operational system, which is found to be dissatisfactory. Many factors affect the accuracy of SST and it is difficult to increase the accuracy by SST retrieval algorithms and clouds detection technology. A new technology of temperature error control is developed to detect the abnormity of satellite-measured SST. The performance of the technology is evaluated to change the temperature bias from-3.04 to 0.05 ℃ and the root mean square (RMS) from 5.71 to 1.75 ℃. It is suitable for employing in an operational satellite-measured SST system and improves the performance of the system in fishery applications. The system has been running for 3 a and proved to be very useful in fishing. It can help to locate the candidates of the fishery areas and monitor the typhoon which is very dangerous to the safety of fishing boats. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2014
Currently there is a strong interest in Cuba in improving the performance of the fisheries sector with respect to social, biological, and economic outcomes. Many important fishery resources appear to be overexploited, and previous fishery regulations have had mixed success in restoring fishery stocks. The current fishing pressure could also have adverse impacts on other valuable ecosystem services that support economic activities such as dive tourism and recreational fishing. A new State policy to expand cooperative enterprises to non-agricultural sectors provides an opportunity for fishery cooperatives to be created for the first time since the early years of the Cuban Revolution. This paper explores the potential ecological, social, and economic benefits of adopting fishery cooperatives as a co-management scheme for Cuba's marine fisheries. It concludes that well-designed fishery cooperatives can offer substantial benefits to the management of the fishery sector. Based on an analysis of the relative success of fishing cooperatives worldwide, guidelines are provided for the design of fishery cooperatives in Cuba. 相似文献
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中,日渔业法规比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中日两国有不同的国情和社会制度,造成两国的渔业法规必然存在差异。但是两国的渔业资源和捕捞海域有相近之处,渔业法规也应有类似的内容。由于日本渔业法规制定较早,立法体系较完备;而我国渔业法规起步较晚,立法体系较简单。本文通过对中、日两国渔业法规进行比较,从日本渔业法规中找到可供我国借鉴的地方。 相似文献
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Karl A. Aiken G. Andre Kong Stephen Smikle Robin Mahon Richard Appeldoorn 《Ocean & Coastal Management》1999,42(12):67
The history, methods, problems and regulation of fishing of the last remaining large queen conch resource in the world, located on a Jamaican fishing bank, are examined. The fishery activities for the queen conch, Strombus gigas Linnaeus are briefly described with the main activities in the industrial sector which produce the bulk of the harvest, which is exported. There are a few large producers harvesting the single major fishing ground of Pedro Bank, southwest of Kingston. These fishers harvested at least 1500 t annually between 1992 and 1998. Management is by licensing, individual quotas and a close season from July to October. Regulations related to CITES are thought to greatly assist in making licensed harvesters provide catch data to the Fisheries Division. The industrial operators have provided funding to undertake stock assessment studies in 1994 and again in 1997. We highlight the focus on management on a participatory consensual approach with meetings with all players in the industry. The conch fishery is thought to be one of the few areas of the Jamaica fishery where there is close and successful collaboration between fishers and the Fisheries Division. It provides an example of how rapid, precautionary, participatory action can provide an adequate basis for management until more definitive scientific information becomes available. The status of the conch fishery is thought to be sustainable at present, once reductions are made to the annual quota. 相似文献
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限额捕捞试点工作逐步展开,预示着我国海洋渔业管理进入全面有序的管理时代。文章根据2008—2017年南海北部渔港渔业生产抽样调查数据,统计出南海北部金线鱼的产量主要来自刺网,占累计总产量的72.90%。剩余产量模型分析认为南海北部金线鱼的最大可持续产量在168 632.99~31 0518.85 t,平均为251 765.59 t。2017年实施最严格的休渔制度后,当年的捕捞努力量投入和渔业产量均未超过最适值,当前总可捕量可设为158 515 t。文章研究结果可为该鱼种限额捕捞政策实施提供参考。 相似文献
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The status of a fishery is often defined as the probability of fishing mortality rate exceeding a perilous level for long‐term sustainability. Lobster stock assessments are often subject to large uncertainty in input data and high levels of natural variability in lobster life history processes, which calls for incorporating uncertainty associated with both indicator and management reference points in an evaluation of biological risk of overfishing. Using a Monte Carlo simulation approach, we evaluated the impacts of uncertainty in modelling on the determination of the status of the Taitung spiny lobster (Panulirus penicillatus) fishery (Taiwan), which has not been quantitatively determined despite its commercial importance. The commonly used biological reference points derived from the per recruit model (F 0.1 the fishing mortality rate where the slope of the curve of yield‐per‐recruit model is 10% of the maximum slope and F 4Q%, the fishing mortality rate that reduces the expected egg production for a cohort of female lobsters to 40% of that produced in the absence of a fishery of the egg‐per‐recruit model) were influenced by uncertainties associated with lobster life history and fishery parameters. A large uncertainty in the current fishing mortality rate (F cnr) and estimates of biological reference points (F BRPs) increased the uncertainty in determining the risk of overexploitation throughout the confidence levels of the stochastic decision‐making framework. This simulation study suggests that the target reference point of F 40% is less sensitive to the input parameters’ uncertainty than F 0.1 We suggest a further evaluation of other F‐based references points and development of biomass‐based reference points before final selection and implementation for the management of the Taitung lobster fishery. 相似文献
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This article investigates practical aspects and limitations of various fishery management techniques. Restrictions on catch and fishing effort (active regulations) are described, and the authors point out that catch restrictions are less robust scientifically than effort restrictions. Spatial — temporal restrictions, gear restrictions, and restrictions on the nature of the catch-which are passive with respect to fishing mortality-are reviewed and it is concluded that fishing mortality is theoretically unbounded when only passive methods of fisheries management are applied. 相似文献