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1.
利用中国科学院南海海洋研究所历史温盐剖面观测资料和WOD09(World Ocean Database2009)中的CTD、OSD、PFL温盐剖面资料,分析了1965-2012年间南海18°N跨海盆断面中层水的变化特征。研究结果表明:中层水平均盐度呈现显著的年代际变化,20世纪60年代中期至70年代末,中层水平均盐度约为34.432,80年代盐度增加至34.440,90年代之后至今盐度明显降低;在年代际尺度变异调制下,不同年代中层水盐度变化有不同的变化趋势,1967-1977年呈现显著的下降趋势,1990-1997年中层水盐度从34.450迅速降为34.414,而在1997年之后表现出明显上升趋势,与此同时,中层水温度有着相似的变化特征,与90年代之前相比,21世纪以来温度与盐度同步下降,并且变化幅度变小。与大洋的中层水团年代际变异相比,南海18°N断面中层水呈现出与大洋不同的特征。另外,中层水盐度有着十分显著的年际变化,其振幅远大于年代际尺度变异,并且与ENSO密切相关,在厄尔尼诺年达到极小值。 相似文献
2.
南海 18°N 断面 上的体积和热盐输运 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以2005—2008年4年中南海北部开放航次所获得的水文观测资料为基础,结合卫星高度计遥感资料,采用动力计算方法计算南海18°N断面的经向地转流,并与声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers,ADCP)走航观测资料进行对比,进而计算出通过南海18°N断面1000m以浅的各站位以及断面上总的经向地转体积、热、盐输运量。结果表明,2005—2008年南海北部开放航次期间18°N断面上的经向地转流呈相间带状分布,各站位经向地转流流速垂向分布和ADCP观测的大体一致。从卫星高度计获得的海面高度场可知,经向地转流流向的空间变化与海洋中尺度涡旋的活动密切相关。2005—2007年航次期间南海18°N断面上1000m以浅总的经向地转体积、热、盐输运均为南向输运,其3年的平均输运量分别为11.8Sv(1Sv=106m3.s 1)、0.38PW、418.8Gg.s 1;其年际间差别较大,经向地转体积、热、盐输运量均为2005年最大,2006年次之,2007年最小。2008年110°—117°E之间1000m以浅总的海水地转体积、热、盐输运量分别为7.3Sv、0.22PW、259.4Gg.s 1。 相似文献
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利用Argo浮标资料分析横跨吕宋海峡20.5°N断面的水文特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于Argo浮标资料,分析了一条横跨南海北部、吕宋海峡和西太平洋（20.5°N,114°~130°E）断面的海水温度、盐度的分布特征.其结果表明：Argo剖面资料得到的2008年秋季20.5°N断面海水的温度、盐度分布态势与气候态秋季的分布基本一致,主要差异在于南海次表层水的盐度极大值和西太平洋次表层水的盐度极大值,2008年秋季二者均比气候态秋季的低0.1左右.通过动力计算（选取1 200 m为速度零面）表明：Argo浮标剖面资料与融合的卫星高度计产品得到的20.5°N,117.5°~124.5°E断面的表层地转流北分量的分布比较吻合;吕宋海峡中部（20°~21°N）的黑潮主轴大致位于121.5°E附近,其东边界可达123°E,而西边界仅限于121°E以西,其可能原因是该季节黑潮的左侧存在着一个气旋式环流,阻碍了黑潮西进;黑潮在20.5°N断面的体积流量为27×106m3/s左右,最大流速约为55 cm/s,出现在70 m层左右. 相似文献
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本文利用日本气象厅在137°E断面获得的水温和盐度长期观测资料,分析了该断面温度场和盐度场的时空特征.结果表明,137°E断面的温度场和盐度场都存在着明显的季节差异和年际变化.冬季,温度场变化的关键区位于3°~18°N的300m以浅海域,而盐度场变化的关键区则位于18°~34°N的300m以浅海域.夏季,温度场变化的关键区位于3°~16°N的300m以浅海域,而盐度场则有两个关键区,分别位于3°~18°N的200m以浅海域和24°~34°N的300m以浅海域.温度场的年际变化与ENSO循环相联系,而盐度场的年际变化则比较复杂. 相似文献
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吕宋海峡120°E断面水交换特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用2007年7～8月吕宋海峡120°E断面(18.5°N～21.5°N)CTD观测数据,分析了该断面的温度、盐度和密度分布特征,并用动力计箅方法计算了断面的流速,得到了通过该断面的海水体积通量.计算结果显示,通过断面的海水主要由南海向太平洋输送,总的交换量为3.15 Sv.19°30'N～20°30'N之间,南海水通过吕宋海峡进入太平洋,而19°30'N以南和20°30'N以北至21°30'N之间.海水由太平洋进入南海.此外,流出吕宋海峡的表层流速最大可达1.3 m/s,流入南海的表层流速最大可达60 cm/s,位于19°30'N以南. 相似文献
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通过对1950-2012年的南海混合层盐度数据进行分析,发现影响南海北部和南部盐度季节变化的最主要因素存在很大的差异.在南海北部,影响混合层盐度季节变化的最主要因素是蒸发降水,其次是水平平流.随着逐步南移,蒸发降水对盐度季节变化的影响递减,水平平流的影响逐渐增大;而在南海南部,水平平流的作用超过蒸发降水成为影响盐度的季节变化的最主要因素.在整个南海区域,冬季海水垂直混合变强,混合层变厚,下层高盐海水进入混合层,使混合层海水盐度变高,从而对冬季海水盐度的上升趋势产生促进作用;夏季南海北部混合层底存在上升流,南海东南部由于Ekman输运导致混合层变厚,都会将混合层以下高盐海水带入混合层,使混合层海水盐度变高,从而对夏季海水盐度下降趋势产生阻碍作用,但垂直混合对盐度季节变化的影响不大,远小于蒸发降水和水平平流. 相似文献
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依据再分析的海洋温度、盐度月平均资料和观测的热通量资料,确定了北太平洋中纬度晚冬海表温度(SST)持续异常现象较明显的海域是位于38°-42°N,158°E-172°W的西部海域和位于35°-42°N,172°W-145°W的东部海域.分析结果表明,西部海域,晚冬SST持续异常现象的主要机制是海洋上混合层的"再现机制";而东部海域晚冬SST的持续异常现象主要是海面净热通量的持续异常所致.由于冬季北太平洋西风异常导致的上混合层深度季节的差异在1976年前后的不同,1976年后晚冬混合层深度深,"再现机制"的作用明显,SST持续异常现象更容易出现. 相似文献
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基于Argo浮标的热带印度洋混合层深度季节变化研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据2004-2005年热带印度洋(30°S以北)的Argo浮标(自持式海洋剖面观测浮标)温度-盐度剖面观测资料,采用位势密度判据(Δσθ=0.03 kg/m3),针对每个Argo浮标的温度-盐度观测剖面确定了海洋混合层的深度,然后采用Krig插值方法构建了3°×3°空间分辨率的月平均网格化混合层深度产品。通过与已有气候平均混合层深度资料的比较表明了该产品的合理性,在此基础上进一步对热带印度洋海盆尺度的混合层深度空间特征和季节变化规律进行了讨论。研究结果表明,Argo浮标资料可用于热带印度洋混合层变化的研究,为进一步研究热带印度洋海-气相互作用提供了基础资料。 相似文献
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2009-2010年冬季南海东北部中尺度过程观测 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
根据南海北部陆架陆坡海域2009-2010年冬季航次的CTD调查资料,发现西北太平洋水在上层通过吕宋海峡入侵南海,其对南海东北部上层水体温盐性质的影响自东向西呈减弱趋势,影响范围可达114°E附近。入侵过程中受东北部海域反 气旋式涡旋(观测期间,其中心位于20.75°N,118°E附近) 的影响,海水的垂向和水平结构发生了很大变化,特别是涡旋中心区域,上层暖水深厚,混合层和盐度极大值层显著深于周边海域。该暖涡在地转流场、航载ADCP观测海流及卫星高度计资料中均得到了证实。暖涡的存在还显著影响了海水化学要素的空间分布,暖涡引起的海水辐聚将上层溶解氧含量较高的水体向下输运,使次表层的暖涡中心呈现高溶解氧的分布特征。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
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This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
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Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献