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1.
苏北海岸北起苏鲁交界的绣针河口,南抵长江口北岸,全长953.8759km。全新世以来,海岸线经历了较为复杂的演变过程,本文从地质构造、海面变化、沉积特征、古沙堤等诸多方面探讨本区海岸线在全新世时期的演变过程。 相似文献
2.
6000年来我国低平海岸线的冲淤变化及其对海岸带开发的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
自约 6ka前我国海岸轮廓形成以来 ,海岸线主要呈淤进状态。在距今 6～ 3ka前 ,因黄河等河流泥沙主要填淤平原洼地 ,岸线稳定微涨 ;在距今约 3ka至 2 0世纪 60年代 ,河流以巨量泥沙使海岸线 ,尤其是低平的平原海岸线迅速外移 ;最近 30 a来 ,因为黄河等河流入海水沙大量减少 ,造成目前除行水河口处淤涨外 ,多数岸段转为侵蚀或稳定 ,且被侵蚀岸线有逐渐扩大的趋势。这种变化导致了新淤土地的减少 ,也破坏了原有的沙滩、湿地资源 ,需要采取一些措施以减少海岸侵蚀带来的损失 相似文献
3.
巴里坤湖泊沉积地层较好地记录了北疆东部地区全新世以来的气候变化。通过对沉积物粒度组分及碳酸盐含量的测量分析，结合测年结果，得出北疆东部地区全新世以来气候环境变化大致经历了5个阶段：（1）8700cal．aBP以前，为全新世早期，环境变干；（2）8700～8200cal．aBP，为一过渡期，湖泊面积扩大；（3）8200～7700cal．aBP，气候以变湿为主要特点，波动较大；（4）7700～2400cal．aBP，气候较为湿润，期间存在一次明显的突发强干旱事件；（5）2400cal．aBP以来，气候转干，剖面顶部指标指示环境恶化。区域气候变化以干湿为主要特点，5500～6000cal．aBP期间的突发气候事件在大区域上与其他记录对应较好。 相似文献
4.
运城盆地11 kaBP以来气候环境变迁与湖面波动 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
通过黄土区湖泊沉积研究来恢复古气候、古环境，是对黄土区古气候、古环境研究的补充和检验。通过山西运城盆地硝地湖泊沉积物的多环境代用指标分析，结合史料记载，探讨了该地区11kaBP以来古气候演化和湖面波动的历史。结果表明，该地区存在YD（Younger Dryas）事件，进入全新世后气候有显著的趋势，最高湿润度发生在7．88－5．15和5kaBP后，气候逐渐变干，湖面波动与气候波动相关，全新世早期湖面开始上升，湖泊扩张，5kaBP后湖泊萎缩，盐类结晶析出。 相似文献
5.
自约6ka前我国海岸轮廓形成以来，海岸线主要呈淤进状态，在距今6－3ka前，因黄河等河流泥沙主要填淤平原洼地，岸线稳定微涨，在距久3ka至20世纪60年代，河流以巨量泥沙使海岸线，尤其是低平的平原海岸线迅速外移；最近30a来，因为黄河等河流入海水沙大量减少，造成目前除行水河口处涨外，多数岸段转为侵蚀或稳定，且被侵蚀岩线有逐渐扩大的趋势。这种变化导致了新淤土地的减少，也破坏了原有的沙滩、湿地资源，需要采取一些措施以减少海岸侵蚀带来的损失。 相似文献
6.
以黄河三角洲1976—2014年的MSS、TM、ETM+影像为数据源,采用一般高潮线法提取不同时期的海岸线,结合RS遥感与GIS技术,对黄河三角洲的岸线变化进行监测.结果表明,1976年以来黄河三角洲的岸线形态及长度均发生了较大变化,其中北部的刁口河流路区岸线向内陆蚀退明显,以海洋侵蚀作用为主,属于蚀退型海岸;清水沟流路区的岸线整体向海域推进,海岸处于进淤状态,属于强淤进型海岸.黄河三角洲岸线变化频繁而快速,黄河的入海流路、水沙量、降水量等是影响黄河三角洲岸线变化的重要因素;行水期黄河三角洲岸线一般以淤进造陆为主,停止行河岸段,海岸侵蚀后退速率趋于缓慢,逐渐地变得相对稳定,在长时间不行水的海岸段,岸线基本保持稳定,随着黄河三角洲海岸带人类工程经济活动的加剧,该区域的海岸线演变受人类的影响越来越大. 相似文献
7.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2017,(6)
晚第四纪以来,因古气候和海平面发生多次变化,南海西北部经历了海岸线变迁和海陆演变多个过程。利用钻孔测年和高分辨率单道地震资料开展对比、划分了7个主要地震反射界面并确定其时代。同时基于现今水深数据,依据全球海平面变化曲线和地层厚度,对海南岛西南海域晚第四纪(100.1~40.7kaBP)以来的古水深和海岸线进行反演。反演结果表明,100.1kaBP时,海南岛西部、西北和南部局部地区海岸线向海方向移动,陆域面积略微增加,海域陆架较窄,最大水深超过550m,海底地形以陆坡深水区为主。78.1kaBP时,海南岛西部海岸线发生较大规模迁移,陆域面积增加,陆架变宽,海底地形平缓。大部分区域水深均小于200m。49.9~40.7kaBP,海南岛西部陆域面积进一步扩大,海底地形平坦,水深变浅,地形以陆架区浅水区为主。研究表明,100.1~40.7kaBP以来研究区的水深变浅,地形变为平缓,海岸线向海迁移,区域古气候、海平面变化以及物源供应对塑造海底地形地貌具有重要的作用。 相似文献
8.
黄河三角洲河口段海岸线动态及演变预测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
黄河淤积造陆形成黄河三角洲,黄河三角洲地区表层均为第四系全新统松散沉积物,以细颗粒的粉砂为主,呈松散—稍密状态,孔隙度较高,稳定性较差,极易受到海洋动力侵蚀造成海岸蚀退。随着黄河断流天数逐年增多,使黄河来水来砂量逐年递减,在黄河淤积和海洋动力交互或共同影响下,现代黄河三角洲海岸线迅速地发生着淤进蚀退交替的演变。自1976年黄河人工改道走清水沟流路以来,黄河三角洲河口段海岸线总体处于淤进状态。对河口地区1986—2004年间遥感图像进行比较分析,发现有关岸线位置的原始数据间存在近似的二元一次线性相关关系,通过建立回归模型,对2005—2010年河口地区海岸线形态进行了演变预测。预测结果表明,2005—2010年间黄河三角洲原河口沙嘴前端处于蚀退状态,而北汊1流路附近有一直淤进扩张的趋势。 相似文献
9.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2010,(5)
对取自北黄海泥质沉积区的3个柱状沉积物样品中的底栖有孔虫群落进行了分析,结果表明,研究区附近全新世以来的海洋环境演化受控于海平面的上升过程和周围陆源淡水的强烈影响,13.7cal.kaBP以来底栖有孔虫群落变动可以划分为3个阶段:13.7～9.2cal.kaBP以近岸广温广盐种为主,代表了低温低盐的滨岸环境;9.2～5cal.kaBP Elphidium magellanicum成为绝对优势种,代表了受到陆源淡水强烈作用的缺氧富营养环境;5cal.kaBP以来以Buccella frigida和Protelphidium turberculatum为优势种,代表了与目前相似的冷涡边缘的冷水环境。 相似文献
10.
新疆伊犁河谷晚全新世以来的风砂沉积与环境演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2010,(6)
通过对新疆伊犁塔克尔莫乎尔沙漠可克达拉剖面(TKP)有机碳(TOC)、氧化铁(Fe2O3)及频率磁化率(Xfd)的分析,探讨了新疆伊犁河谷晚全新世以来的气候演变。结果显示:3.71～1.50kaBP期间该区气候总体上比较干旱,气候干湿变化复杂,并经历了凉湿(3.71～3.06kaBP)、极端干旱(3.06～2.63kaBP)和相对湿润(2.63～1.50kaBP)的演变过程。1.50～0.50kaBP期间TOC、Fe2O3和Xfd的平均含量均达到全剖面的最高值,可能代表着这段时期区域降水比较丰沛,为伊犁河谷地区近4ka以来气候最为适宜的时期。0.5kaBP以来,伊犁河谷气候迅速地向干旱化发展。 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺的检测方法初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究的目的是探索一种检测双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺含量的方法。以栉孔扇贝(Chlamysfarreri)和长牡蛎(Crassostreagigas)为实验对象,研究了取样、抗氧化剂、氧化铝用量以及Tris缓冲液用量等对实验结果的影响。结果表明,高效液相色谱电化学检测器法(HPLC-ECD)可以灵敏高效地对双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺进行定性、定量检测。实验表明,取样时间最长不超过1.5min;还原性谷胱甘肽作抗氧化剂效果较好;前处理各试剂与血样量的最适配比为血样量1.5mL,Tris缓冲液(1.5mol/L,pH8.6)1mL和氧化铝25mg;水洗后离心并尽可能吸干氧化铝中的水分。去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和多巴胺的回收率分别为53%~69%、47%~73%和48%~56%。 相似文献
15.
为研究黄河入海径流变化条件下河口附近海域盐度扩散特征,以更好地保护河口海域生物资源多样性,本文以黄河下游利津水文站的长序列实测径流数据资料为基础,利用近海水动力模型FVCOM,分析径流变化对黄河口海域盐度的影响规律。结果表明：黄河口与莱州湾之间存在顺时针的环流系统,在余流作用以及涨落潮方向的影响下,黄河冲淡水长期向莱州湾扩散;丰水期黄河冲淡水几乎影响了整个莱州湾,27盐度锋可以到达莱州湾中部,27等盐线的表层包络面积为2 665.61 km2,占莱州湾的1/4左右,枯水期低盐度水只有向南扩散的趋势,27以下的低盐度水集中分布在黄河口门附近,27等盐线的表层包络面积只有199.65 km2;5月份,随着入海径流量增加,27等盐线扩散的范围、距离、方向都会发生明显变化。在对近海生物资源有迫切保护需求的情景下,适当减少其他用水户供水量以增加入海生态径流量,可以有效改善黄河口海域附近的盐度情况,为生物资源的生长繁殖创造良好条件。 相似文献
16.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
17.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
18.
The authors have previously determined that the effectiveness and failure pattern of the ice cover caused by flexural-gravity waves generated by a submerged body motion near the bottom ice can greatly depend on the depth of the water area. In its turn, the presence of a ledge on the ice surface may affect a wave propagation pattern. This paper presents an experimental study of the bottom contour influence on the deflection and length of flexural-gravity waves. The authors describe a numerical model for the analysis of the deformed state of ice caused by hydrodynamic loads due to a submarine motion, taking into account the bottom contour. The experiments are carried out in the ice tank. The results of calculations and experiments are compared. 相似文献
19.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
20.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献