共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
根据2012年9~12月所罗门群岛海域采集的353尾黄鳍金枪鱼Thunnus albacares样本,分析渔获物个体组成、性别比例、性成熟率和性腺指数等繁殖生物学参数。结果表明,捕获个体中包含大小两个群体;雌性群体个体规格明显小于雄性(p0.001)。春夏季9~12月雌、雄总体性别比为0.67︰1,显著偏离1︰1(p0.01);但性别比例与调查月份和个体大小密切相关,从9月到12月逐渐接近,至12月达到1︰1(p0.05)。性别比例随叉长增长逐步降低,叉长大于110cm个体中以雄性为主(p0.05),雌性比例与叉长呈现线性负相关关系,相关系数为-0.90,(p0.01)。雌、雄个体性成熟率和性腺指数在春末夏初间逐步增长,至11~12月达到最高;Ⅴ~Ⅵ期产卵个体比例增加,这表明所罗门群岛海域黄鳍金枪鱼春夏季存在产卵群体,从10月开始出现产卵个体,调查期间12月产卵个体比例达到相对最高,并且性腺指数与叉长呈现正相关关系;更一步的分析表明,雌、雄个体初次性成熟叉长分别为97.4cm和103.7cm。对该海域黄鳍金枪鱼繁殖生物学的研究有助于了解该种群资源状况,对渔业资源评估具有重要意义。 相似文献
2.
本文系1981—1985年,在黄海对远东拟沙丁鱼的调查基础上写成的,内容包括,远东拟沙丁鱼个体绝对生殖力E为21 618—90 378粒;个体相对生殖力E/L(体长)为1279—4031粒,E/W(纯体重)为346—814粒;海州湾与青岛、乳山、石岛近海是该鱼的两个主要产卵场,产卵期为5月中旬—7月初;远东拟沙丁鱼属多次排卵类型的鱼类;体长分布范围在140—245mm,体重范围在29—162g,生殖鱼群年龄由2—6龄鱼体组成,产卵盛期雌鱼数量多于雄鱼,产卵末期雄鱼个体则多于雌鱼. 相似文献
3.
小黄鱼Larimichthys polyactis体长-体重关系幂指数与产卵群体空间分布相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鱼类产卵群体的相关研究一直是渔业领域关注的热点,对鱼类的产卵期、产卵场的研究是鱼类生态习性研究方向的重要组成部分。本文在前期研究证实鱼类体长-体重关系幂指数可以指示鱼类产卵期的基础上,利用2004年4个季节的东海大面积调查数据,尝试利用同一时间点上的各个调查点幂指数信息来分析鱼类产卵场分布特征,结果发现,成熟产卵个体仅在春季出现,而未成熟产卵个体4季均有分布,以此推测小黄鱼存在"跳过产卵"现象。另外发现,单靠幂指数大小,不能区分各个产卵成熟阶段,也不能区分产卵个体与非产卵个体;而怀卵个体出现站点的幂指数平均值偏低于匀速生长,空间上也具有类似特征,即幂指数相对低的地方一般对应怀卵个体相对集中的水域。本文依据幂指数分布,推断小黄鱼成熟产卵群体有3块相对集中水域,即舟山渔场近海、济州岛西南侧和江外与舟外渔场临近水域。 相似文献
4.
根据2010年春季对台湾海峡中部日本鲭的生物学测定数据及怀卵量计数结果,对其产卵群体的生物学特征进行了研究.结果表明：日本鲭产卵群体性比符合1∶1的雌雄性比关系;叉长范围212.00～271.00 mm,平均244.76 mm,优势组230.00～260.00 mm;雌鱼最小性成熟叉长225.00 mm,雄鱼最小性成熟叉长221.00 mm;体质量范围110.99～242.00 g,平均170.97 g,优势组130.00～220.00 g.雌雄个体的性腺成熟度均以Ⅳ～Ⅴ期为主,摄食强度均较高,雌鱼平均摄食强度为2.00,雄鱼平均摄食强度为2.25;雌鱼的平均摄食强度随性腺成熟度的提高呈下降趋势,而雄鱼正好相反;在达到完全性成熟前,雌雄鱼的性腺指数GSI都随着性腺的发育而增加,雌鱼的平均性腺指数GSI略高于雄鱼;绝对怀卵量5.283 5万～16.884 7万粒,平均10.405 0万±0.611 8万粒;叉长相对怀卵量227～625粒/mm,平均423±22粒/mm.随着叉长的增加,怀卵量也持续增加.叉长250.00 mm以上个体怀卵量相对于250.00 mm以下个体出现大幅增加趋势.与20世纪80年代研究结果相比,目前该海域日本鲭的大量性成熟年龄由2龄提前为1龄,最小性成熟年龄即为大量性成熟年龄;产卵群体年龄组成由1～5龄转变为1～2龄,优势组由2～3龄下降为1龄;产卵群体平均绝对怀卵量下降了33.23%.因此,为了保护该海域日本鲭资源并提高种群数量和年龄结构,应该首先制定合理的最小开捕叉长,同时在其春汛产卵期采取必要的休渔措施及在主要产卵场设立保护区. 相似文献
5.
山东北部沿海四角蛤蜊性腺发育年周期研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了山东省滨州市无棣县马山子海区四角蛤蜊的繁殖周期及其与环境因子的关系。自2007-04～2008-03,每月采集1次样品,同时,测定采样点的水温、盐度和叶绿素a含量。组织学观察结果表明该地区四角蛤蜊全年只有1个主要的产卵季节:7～9月。配子成熟及排放期间,水温和叶绿素a含量均处于较高水平,可为性腺发育提供能量,也有利于幼虫的存活和生长。从配子发生到成熟,卵径逐渐增大,并在产卵前达到最大,产卵后则降低。雌雄个体在数量上存在显著差异(雌∶雄=1.138∶1,P<0.05),雌性略多于雄性,未发现雌雄同体现象。条件指数(软体部干重/壳干重×100)的研究结果显示该地区四角蛤蜊在配子排放后,11月至次年1月间存在1个明显的恢复期,从最低值3.95(10月)逐渐上升至峰值11.95(次年1月)。 相似文献
6.
针对目前杂色鲍性腺发育提前的现象展开研究,以产卵量为指标分析了杂色鲍可量性状与产卵量之间的相关关系.结果表明,以体长的立方除以体重作为体型系数（F）,它与产卵量（G）之间存在着显著的负相关（p〈0.05）,相关系数为-0.9480.曲线回归方程为：G=-7.5009 ln（F）＋18.22（R2=0.9095）.进一步的分析结果表明,杂色鲍雌性亲本的产卵量和体长亦呈负相关,相关系数为-0.7182.结果提示,性腺发育较早的小个体的杂色鲍母本更多地参与了繁殖活动,而且产出的卵子的绝对重量大于大个体的杂色鲍亲鲍.这可能是造成人工育种中杂色鲍体型减小、性腺发育提前的潜在原因. 相似文献
7.
测记耳石生长轮纹数量,依据耳石日轮对采自珠江口的棘头梅童鱼(Collichthys lucidus)的日龄进行了鉴定、并据此研究了其产卵期和生长特性.棘头梅童鱼的产卵期为12月至次年的7月,主要集中在2、4、5月,产卵高峰出现在5月,占样本总数的27.27%;其次为2月,占18.18%.用直线、幂函数和指数函数关系对棘头梅童鱼的生长特性进行回归分析,体长范围为29.8～104.0 mm的棘头梅童鱼的体长与体重关系为幂函数关系,体重生长为匀速生长;体长随日龄的生长关系以幂函数模型符合程度较好,体重与日龄的生长关系则符合指数关系和幂函数关系.研究结果表明,利用耳石日龄来推算棘头梅童鱼的产卵期是可行的,并可用于研究一定体长范围内鱼的生长. 相似文献
8.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2017,(4)
口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)是海州湾的优势渔业生物之一,在海州湾生态系统中发挥着重要作用。本文根据2011年3、5、7、9和12月在海州湾及邻近海域进行的底拖网调查数据,对口虾蛄的群体结构、资源密度特征、空间分布和环境因子对其分布的影响等方面进行了研究。研究表明,口虾蛄的全年平均体长为(102.20±0.65)mm,5月平均体长最大(105.56±0.95)mm,7月平均体长最小(96.48±2.37)mm;幼体比例5月份最低(8.90%),12月份最高(28.67%);口虾蛄的性比5月和7月小于1,其余月份均大于1.80;渔获量变化趋势为5月12月9月7月3月,渔获尾数为5月12月9月3月7月。Pearson相关分析表明,3、5月相对渔获量与叶绿素a、底层水温均呈显著正相关(P0.05);其他月份口虾蛄的相对渔获量与各影响因子之间的相关性均不显著(P0.05)。研究还发现,口虾蛄的空间分布与底质类型密切相关,口虾蛄主要栖息在砂、砂-粉砂-黏土和黏土质砂类型的底质中。 相似文献
9.
基于2010年春、夏、秋3个季节东营近海生物资源与环境调查资料,对东营近海鲬鱼群体渔业生物学特征及资源状况进行研究,同时分析其时空变化规律。结果表明:东营近海鲬鱼群体的优势体长组随着季节变化有所波动,优势体长组从大到小排序为春季>秋季>夏季,但是最大体长个体和最大体重个体均出现在夏季。渔获物中雌性个体数量多于雄性,夏季雌、雄比为1.25∶1,秋季雌、雄比为1.78∶1,性腺成熟度多集中在I期和II期,摄食等级以少量摄食为主,多集中于1级和2级。东营近海鲬鱼资源丰度的季节变化波动较大,且平均渔获率和平均尾数渔获率均处于较低水平,所获鲬鱼个体体长多分布在300mm以下,体重多集中于100g以下,群体呈现小型化趋势。此外,由于时空变化出现了夏季集中,春、秋季分散的规律,笔者推测东营近海鲬鱼群体可能为生殖洄游群体,东营近海存在鲬鱼的产卵场。研究结果为渤海鲬鱼资源可持续利用与保护提供了理论依据。 相似文献
10.
鱼类生殖力的研究，由于计数卵量方法上有了很大的改进，因而已逐渐成为鱼类生态和渔业资源研究上的一个常规观测项目。
生殖力的变动，经常被用来作为判断补充与资源状况的指标之一。我国从50年代初就开展了这方面的研究。例如，在我国烟台外海鲐鱼资源的研究中曾指出，1954-1957年间，随着鲐鱼资源的逐年下降，生殖力不仅表现出明显的提高现象，而且与鲐鱼的生长有关。
本文是从所积累的大黄鱼Pseudosciaena crocea (Richardson)生殖力研究资料中，选择1959年5-6月间，同期分别在两个不同产卵场上所收集的资料，对其个体生殖力和种群生殖力的差值进行比较分析的结果。说明生活于不同水域中的种内不同种群，其生殖力调节方式也是不同的。这两个种群分属于两个地理种群，浙江近海岱衢洋春季生殖种群属于大黄鱼分布区北部的岱衢族；福建近海官井洋春季生殖种群属于大黄鱼分布区中部的闽-粤东族。此外，文中还以这两个种群为例，对表示种群生殖力的某几个方法作了比较分析。 相似文献
11.
To obtain baseline information on the size distribution of individuals in the population and reproductive features of sea star Asterias amurensis, monthly surveys of the population were carried out from May to December 2010 and March to May 2015 in coastal waters off Yantai, China. Spawning period was predicted by gonad and pyloric caeca indices as well as anatomical and histological methods. In the A. amurensis population, both large individuals(143 mm) and small ones(42 mm) were present in all sampling months. The population size structure was driven by the appearance of big cohorts of individuals less than 55 mm from May to August. The appearance of small individuals in all months suggested a prolonged spawning period at other sites in this bay or sea stars growing slowly because of food shortage. An arm length is a good predictor to wet body weight for A.amurensis. The development of gonad was relative slow from May to September but rapidly reached a peak of20.95 in October 2010, and then dropped remarkably, indicating its spawning lasted from October to November.The same phenomenon was found from March to May 2015, suggesting another spawning during March to May,which was also verified by the results of histologic analysis on ovary. The gonad index(GI) and pyloric caeca index(PCI) tended to show a negative relationship. Due to the poor food availability, the reproductive characteristics of sea star were most likely affected by the shellfish mariculturein Yantai coastal waters. 相似文献
12.
The reproductive cycle and environmental cues that regulate gonad production in Asterina stellifera were studied from April 2009 to April 2011 in a rocky subtidal habitat at the southernmost limit of its distribution (Mar del Plata, Argentina). The geographic variation in reproductive traits between latitudinal range limits was analyzed. The gonadal and pyloric caeca weight varied with sea star size and time in both sexes. Despite a previous study which suggested the absence of recruitment in a 4 year period, our data of the same period demonstrated that spawning happens from early spring to early summer. The gonad and pyloric caeca weight did not show an inverse relationship, this suggested that there is no dependence on energy transfer between the organs and that the bat star presented a good nutritional state. Seawater temperature appears to be the variable explaining gonad proliferation at the range limits of A. stellifera distribution. Furthermore, differences in sex ratio, oocyte production, oogenesis duration and capability of energy transformation into ova were found between range limits. 相似文献
13.
扁玉螺的生殖腺组织学和生殖周期 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用组织切片和HE染色法,对烟台沿海扁玉螺的生殖腺发育过程进行了观察.根据性腺发育的组织学特征,将扁玉螺生殖腺发育过程分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和休止期5个时期;扁玉螺在烟台沿海每年一个生殖周期,繁殖季节为5月上旬至8月中旬,繁殖盛期为6月上旬至7月下旬.上述研究结果探明了扁玉螺的生殖腺发育规律,丰富了扁玉螺的繁殖生物学资料,对开发利用扁玉螺有着积极的意义. 相似文献
14.
2015年5月，我们从天津近海分离出一株黄绿色具鞭毛的单细胞藻。这珠藻细胞形态不规则，从圆形到细长型都有出现。绝大多数细胞具有很强的运动能力，一些细胞也可以形成静止的群体。结合形态学、超显微结构观察以及分子生物学分析，我们将这株藻鉴定为定鞭藻门，巴夫藻纲的膨胀巴夫藻。在此之前，中国近海只有绿色巴夫藻的记录，绿色巴夫藻对于水产养殖起到了很重要的作用。巴夫藻纲的其他物种尚无中国海记录。这是膨胀巴夫藻在中国海的首次记录。 相似文献
15.
太平洋褶柔鱼为大洋性经济鱼种，具有一年生命周期，其资源变动受气候和海洋环境条件的显著影响。本研究根据日本提供的2003-2012年太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群体的渔业统计数据，结合产卵场环境数据以及尼诺指数ONI（定义为Niño 3.4区海表温度距平值），分析不同气候条件下（厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜）太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群体产卵场海表温度（SST）、叶绿素a（Chl-a）浓度以及适宜产卵面积（SSA）的变动情况及对其资源丰度（CPUE）的影响。结果表明，太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群体产卵场SST、Chl-a浓度和SSA具有明显的季节性变化。相关分析表明，各年CPUE与Chl-a浓度以及SSA具有显著的正相关关系（p<0.05），但与SST相关性不显著（p>0.05）。此外，厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件通过驱动太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群体产卵场SSA和关键海域（25°-29°N，122.5°-130.5°E）内的Chl-a空间分布和大小变化，从而改变其资源丰度，但影响作用随各异常事件的强度不同而变化，具体表现为：发生弱强度厄尔尼诺事件时，产卵场SSA较高，Chl-a浓度处于较低水平，导致资源补充量处于较低水平，CPUE降低；发生中等强度厄尔尼诺事件时，产卵场SSA较低，但Chl-a浓度处于较高水平，导致资源补充量增加，CPUE处于上升水平；发生中等强度拉尼娜事件时，产卵场SSA和Chl-a浓度均处于较高水平，资源补充量显著增加，CPUE显著升高。研究表明，厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件对太平洋褶柔鱼冬生群体产卵场摄食孵化环境和资源丰度变动具有显著影响。 相似文献
16.
The current study was carried out from May 2014 to April 2015 to estimate the stock status of P. viridis in Marudu Bay. The gonad development was monitored by histological examination, while the population parameters including asymptotic length (L∞), growth coefficient (K), mortality rate (Z, F and M), exploitation level (E) and recruitment of P. viridis were estimated using the lengthfrequency data. Results of the current study demonstrated that P. viridis in Marudu Bay spawned throughout the year with two major peaks, one in April to May and another one in October to December. The recruitment pattern was continuous with the peak in May to June 2014, which corresponded to the first spawning peak in April. However, no significant recruitment was observed from the second spawning peak due to the difference in spawning timing between male and female populations. The estimated asymptotic length (L∞), growth coefficient (K), total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), fishing mortality (F) and growth performance (ф) of P. viridis in Marudu Bay were estimate to be 117 mm, 0.97 yr-1, 4.39 yr-1, 1.23 yr-1, 3.16 yr-1 and 4.123, respectively. The exponent b of the lengthweight relationship was 2.4 and exploitation level (E) was 0.72. The high mortality, low condition indices and negative allometric of P. viridis in Marudu Bay is caused by a lack of suitable food in the surrounding water. 相似文献
17.
PARK Mirye PARK So Yun HWANG Jinik JUNG Seung Won LEE Juyun CHANG Man LEE Taek-Kyun 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(5):107-112
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that function as primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. Some species of microalgae undergo rapid growth and cause harmful blooms in marine ecosystems. Heterocapsa triquetra is one of the most common bloom-forming species in estuarine and coastal waters worldwide. Although this species does not produce toxins, unlike some other Heterocapsa species, the high density of its blooms can cause significant ecological damage. We developed a H. triquetra species-specific nuclease protection assay sandwich hybridization (NPA-SH) probe that targets the large subunit of ribosomal RNA (LSU rRNA). We tested probe specificity and sensitivity with five other dinoflagellates that also cause red tides. Our assay detected H. triquetra at a concentration of 1.5×104 cells/mL, more sensitive than required for a red-tide guidance warning by the Korea Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries in 2015 (3.0×104 cells/mL). We also used the NPA-SH assay to monitor H. triquetra in the Tongyeong region of the southern sea area of Korea during 2014. This method could detect H. triquetra cells within 3 h. Our assay is useful for monitoring H. triquetra under field conditions. 相似文献
18.
腹壁纤毛虫是一种附着在浮游动物上的原生生物，尤其是附着在桡足类和甲壳类上的。而缘毛虫是可以以自由或寄生的形式在世界各沿海地区和港湾处被发现。本研究首次对东印度洋表层至200 m深海域的缘毛类纤毛虫以及其水平分布展开了研究。根据纤毛虫的形态、纤毛结构和茎的形态等的特征，在2014年4月10日至5月13日东印度洋航次的浮游生物拖网样品中鉴定出了五种富腹纤毛虫，海洋钟形虫Vorticella oceanica、交替聚缩虫Zoothamnium alternans、阿拉聚缩虫Zoothamnium alrasheidi、远洋聚缩虫Zoothamnium pelagicum和海洋聚缩虫Zoothamnium marinum。并通过光显微镜和扫描显微镜拍摄的照片，说明了其形态、尺寸和特征。研究结果表明，海洋钟形虫和远洋聚缩虫的分布与硅藻（如，密聚角毛藻Chaetoceros coarctatus）和桡足类（如，短角长腹剑水蚤Oithona brevicornis）等寄主有关，也包括甲藻（如，三角角藻Ceraitum tripose）周围的一些个体。这些附着纤毛虫的分布在东印度洋海域东南区以海洋钟形虫、远洋聚缩虫和海洋聚缩虫为主，而在孟加拉湾北部则有大量的阿拉聚缩虫。这种分布的变化可能是与寄主的分布有关，如桡足类（短角长腹剑水蚤）和硅藻（密聚角毛藻）的分布影响。 相似文献
19.
Hyun Suk Park Choong-Gon Kim Sung Kim Yong-Joo Park Hee-Jung Choi Zhizhong Xiao Jun Li Yongshuang Xiao Youn-Ho Lee 《Ocean Science Journal》2018,53(2):261-274
The rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus, is a common rocky reef game fish in East Asia and recently has become an aquaculture species. Despite its commercial importance, the population genetic structure of this fish species remains poorly understood. In this study, 163 specimens were collected from 6 localities along the coastal waters of Korea and China and their genetic variation was analyzed with mtDNA COI sequences. A total of 34 polymorphic sites were detected which determined 30 haplotypes. The genetic pattern reveals a low level of nucleotide diversity (0.04 ± 0.003) but a high level of haplotype diversity (0.83 ± 0.02). The 30 haplotypes are divided into two major genealogical clades: one that consists of only Zhoushan (ZS, East China Sea) specific haplotypes from the southern East China Sea and the other that consists of the remaining haplotypes from the northern East China Sea, Yellow Sea, Korea Strait, and East Sea/Sea of Japan. The two clades are separated by approximately 330~435 kyBP. Analyses of AMOVA and Fst show a significant population differentiation between the ZS sample and the other ones, corroborating separation of the two genealogical clades. Larval dispersal and the fresh Yangtze River plume are invoked as the main determining factors for this population genetic structure of O. fasciatus. Neutrality tests and mismatch distribution analyses indicate late Pleistocene population expansion along the coastal waters of Korea and China approximately 133–183 kyBP during which there were periodic cycles of glaciations and deglaciations. Such population information needs to be taken into account when stock enhancement and conservation measures are implemented for this fisheries species. 相似文献
20.
Hyun-Sung Yang Do-Hyung Kang Heung-Sik Park Kwang-Sik Choi 《Ocean Science Journal》2017,52(4):519-526
Widely distributed from the northern coast of Vietnam to the northern Japan, the limpet Cellana grata (Gould, 1859) occurs commonly on the south and east coasts of Korea. Despite their wide distribution range, few studies have investigated the annual gametogenesis and reproductive effort of C. grata. In an attempt to understand the reproductive physiology of the limpet, we investigated the annual gametogenesis and reproductive effort of C. grata from Ulleungdo Island off the east coast of Korea. Histology revealed that the gonial mitosis commenced in January, as the female exhibited small oogonia (10–40 μm) in the follicle. From March to June, the oocyte size increased dramatically, and fully mature eggs (110–170 μm in diameter) appeared in early summer. First spawning males and females were observed in July, as the surface seawater temperature (SST) reached 22.1°C. The spawning male and females could be observed until the end of December. Gonad somatic index (GSI), a ratio of gonad mass to the total tissue weight, of the male ranged from 0.6 (April) to 17.9 (July), while the female GSI varied from 1.0 (February) to 18.3 (July). GSI of male and female declined rapidly from July to August, suggesting that the major purse of the spawning at the study site was between July and August. Our study suggested that the commercial catch of C. grata during July and August must be suspended at Ulleungdo Island, in order to protect the spawning limpets, which enhances C. grata recruitment and the population. 相似文献