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声跃层结构变化对深海汇聚区声传播的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据射线理论建立了线性声速结构条件下的声跃层强度与深海汇聚区关系模型,用最小位移角讨论了海洋环境变化（如声跃层强度变化、声跃层位置变化及季节性跃层生消等）与汇聚区距离和宽度变化的相关性.结果表明,声跃层的结构变化对汇聚区特征影响很大.声跃层强度增大使汇聚区向远离声源的方向变化,跃层强度每增加0.01 s-1对应的汇聚区位移增大约为3.5～5.0 km.声跃层位置变化对汇聚区的影响小于声跃层强度,与两层结构的声速剖面相比,上行结构使汇聚区向靠近声源的方向变化,声跃层上升200 m对应的汇聚区位移减小约为1.0～1.5 km,声跃层越浅,汇聚区距离越近;下行结构使汇聚区向远离声源的方向变化,混合层加深200 m对应的汇聚区位移增大约为1.0～1.5 km,混合层越深,汇聚区距离越远.季节性跃层的生消使近表层有负梯度、零梯度和正梯度的变化.负梯度结构的变化规律与两层结构条件下的声跃层强度变化类似,但对汇聚区的影响程度相对较小;正梯度结构使汇聚区在近表层出现表面声道,梯度值的增强将使汇聚区向靠近声源的方向变化. 相似文献
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长山群岛海区春季水温垂直结构分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用海军大连舰艇学院2006年4月长山群岛海区的CTD调查资料,系统分析了该季节长山群岛海区的温度垂直结构,并探讨了其形成机理。分析指出:4月上、中旬是长山群岛海区季节性温跃层的生成期,群岛东侧和南侧边缘受黄海冷水团形成过程的影响,温跃层的出现概率和跃层强度都远远高于群岛内部;在生成时机上,群岛东侧和南侧边缘海域早于群岛内部水域。中间层和底层海水温度的垂直结构与海流有着很好的相关性,在海洋平流的作用下,海区会产生正跃层、逆跃层、冷中间层、暖中间层等复杂的温度垂直结构。上层海水温度结构主要受海面风场和气温的影响,较强的热辐射和充分的风力搅拌能够加速温跃层的生成。 相似文献
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Synoptic distributions of thermal surface mixed layer and thermocline were identified using four airborne expendable bathythermograph
(AXBT) surveys (September 1992 and February, May, and September 1993) in the southern Yellow and East China Seas. Seasonality
and a dominant driving mechanism of the surface mixed layer were examined. The dominant driving mechanisms differ between
seasons and between on-shelf and off-shelf regimes. Currents, eddies, and migration of bottom cold waters (on the shelf) also
affect the surface mixed layer. Thermocline thickness, temperature difference from thermocline top to bottom, and thermocline
intensity in warm seasons were measured, and their synoptic features were also discussed. 相似文献
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1 INTsoDUcrIONTemperature is one of the most impoFtant essential factors of ocean, and its verticalstructure, especially the phenomenon ofthermocline, is concerned by military and manufacturepractices at all times. There are two classes of research methods for thermocIine, statisticmethod and numerical method. In recent years, more attention has been paid to the latterwhich becomes the primary development direction. Since Munk et al (1948) pot forward1-D model of thermocline at steady sta… 相似文献
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大亚湾温跃层形成及其对有关环境要素的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
温跃层是海洋环境中的一种重要物理现象,对海洋的环境生态系统有着重要的影响。大亚湾温跃层是受粤东上升流和夏季表层海水升温双重作用而形成的。通过对大亚湾海域水温、盐度、溶解氧等众多环境要素的长期调查取样分析显示,该海域温跃层是季节性温跃层,一般发生在每年的5—10月份,6月下旬到9月中旬分层现象比较显著,盐跃层和氧跃层会相伴发生。受核电站热排水的影响,湾西侧尤其是核电站前海域的温跃层较其它区域明显和持久。数据显示在温跃层发生期内,由于海水的分层效应,温度、盐度、pH值、DO、BOD5和COD、营养盐及叶绿素等都受到不同程度的影响,形成明显的表底层差异或层次梯度。 相似文献
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本文根据Ｃ．Ａ．等（１９６３。１９６５）提出的海洋上层温度结构特征的无因次普遍函数，利用１９５７～１９６４年暖半年渤海、黄海、东海１５９个站次连续站的资料和作者（１９８３）提出的海面热量平衡的简易计算公式计算海面的热量收支，建立了海洋上均匀层厚度、温跃层强度和跃层下界深度的半经验半理论模式。该模式反映了形成海洋上层温度结构特征的主要因子及其作用，同时避开了一般理论模式中的起算点和目前难以获得的物理海洋学参数，而可以直接利用表面水温、气温和风速进行海洋上层温度特征的计算。 相似文献
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A one-dimentional three-layer model for the thermal structure in the Huanghai Sea is presented in this study, me model consists of the upper mixed layer caused by heating and wind mixing, the lower mixed layer driven by tidal mixing, and the thermocline with certain thickness. The entrainment velocities of the upper and lower layers are obtained respectively. The results show that the model is capable of describing the development and decline processes of the seasonal thermocline in the Huanghai Sea, simulating successfully the Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass, the nearshore front and surface cold water off North Jiangsu and explaining reasonably their formation mechanisms as well as the strong thermocline off Qingdao. It is suggested that the tidal mixing plays key role in the formation of the nearshore front off North Jiangsu and the strong thermocline off Qingdao. The wind mixing and the tidal mixing make the lower layer water with high nutrients go up to the upper layer. This physical process may be sig 相似文献
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在确定温跃层三要素 (深度 (上界深度 )、厚度和强度 )及测站温度垂直最大梯度的基础上 ,分别计算了南沙深水测站 (水深大于 1 0 0 0m)在温跃层上界深度层范围内的平均温度、在温跃层下界深度以下自 3 0 0m层至 80 0m层之间的平均温度。分析表明 ,在温跃层上界深度范围内 ,海水平均温度的水平分布明显显示出低温海水自南沙的西北部向东南部缓慢推进之势 ,似是东北季风驱动的结果。温度垂直梯度越大 ,它在垂直方向上阻碍上层海水的热量往深层扩散的能力就越强。 相似文献
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1 IntroductionIn the Equatorial Pacific, due to the difference between the atmospheric circulation and air-sea interaction, the near-surface seawater heat structure in the eastern and western Pacific presents two ℃obviously different characteristics: warm pool ( > 28 ) in the western equatorial Pacific and cold ℃tongue ( < 24 ) in the eastern equatorial Pacific. The water bodies of these two heat structures would give rise to change in spatial distribution under the action of the equato… 相似文献
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潮汐作用下渤海温跃层波动与起伏的数值研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了潮汐(四大分潮 M2,S2,K1,O1同时输入)作用下渤海温跃层起伏与波动的三维数值模型(将海洋分为3层,即上混和层、跃层和下混和层),揭示了整个海区温跃层上界面处跃层起伏(在文中指每个时刻跃层波高的周期平均值)的地理分布及叠加在起伏之上的潮周期波动的时空变化,模拟出跃层波动与实测基本一致.结果发现大振幅的跃层波动均发生在海峡及近海地形突变之处.一般界面波动的波高大于甚至远远大于同一位置的表层潮波.从位相以及周期来看,潮波和跃层上下界面波动相互之间,有些海域一致,有些地方则相差甚远.跃层上界深度及厚度的梯度,对跃层起伏分布有一定的影响.跃层起伏还可能与海岸海底摩擦有关. 相似文献
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Based on the non-dimensional general function for the thermal structure features presented by S. A. Kitaigorodsky et al. (1963, 1965)[10,11]. this paper tries to establish semi-empirical and semi-theoretical models bfor the thickness of the upper homogeneous layer of the ocean, thermocline intensity and lower oundary depth of thermocline by consecutive observations from 159 stations in the Bohai Sea,Huanghai Sea and East China Sea in the warm half of the years from 1957 to 1964 and the heat budget at the sea surface computed with the simplified computing formulae proposed by Wang (1983)[22]. This model indicates the main factors forming the thermal structure features in the upper layer of the ocean and their function. With the model, one can directly use the sea surface temperature, air temperature and wind speed to compute the thermal feature in the upper layer of the ocean. 相似文献
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南海海域BT资料、南森站资料计算温跃层--三项示性特征的比较 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
南海海域海水温度调查资料主要为BT资料和南森站资料两种类型，为比较两种资料计算的温度跃层三项示性特征的区别，本文用同一种温跃层识别、统计方法分别对两种类型资料进行了判别和统计，在此基础上，绘制了南海冬、夏季跃层强度分布图。结果表明，两种类型的调查资料在计算浅温度跃层强度和上界深度上有较明显区别，BT资料的温跃层强度计算结果大于南森站资料，温度跃层上界较南森站资料深，温跃层厚度亦有差别，但规律不明显。两种类型资料对深温度跃层三项示性特征值的计算结果差异不明显。 相似文献
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A. I. Fel'zenbaum 《Physical Oceanography》1992,3(1):75-79
An exponential model of the seasonal thermocline is suggested within the framework of an integral hydrodynamic model of the upper ocean. The seasonal thermocline is discriminated as a boundary layer of finite thickness against the background of an asymptotic boundary layer described by an exponent. A self-similar distribution of the dimensionless temperature versus dimensionless depth is found. Its comparison with the dependence obtained previously (cubic parabola) provides a deviation of 10%. Thus, the exponential model of the seasonal thermodcline describes perfectly the temperature-depth distribution using field data.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
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A hydrothermodynamic model of a multilayer ocean, incorporating the upper mixed layer (UML) is described. The model is based on a system of primitive equations integrated within each layer. All layers are assumed to be horizontally-inhomogeneous, however, the density in each thermocline layer changes within the limits determineda priori by the prescribed basic stratification. It is assumed that the layers may outcrop. Results of the numerical experiment on subduction simulation (downwelling of UML waters toward the main thermocline layers) are given.Translated by V. Puchkin. 相似文献
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The results of a numerical experiment on the formation of the large-scale circulation and the main thermocline in the temperate latitudes of an ocean at steady external factors are discussed. A multilayer model [1] is used which involves the upper mixed layer (UML). The boundaries of the areas where the internal layers reach the UML are calculated. The zones where seawater is entrapped from the thermocline to the UML are revealed, as well as the subduction zones where seawater is brought from the UML to the internal layers and moves there, ventilating the thermocline.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. UDK 551.465. 相似文献
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The Soya Warm Current (SWC), which is the coastal current along the northeastern part of Hokkaido, Japan, has a notable baroclinic jet structure during summer. This study addresses the formation mechanism of the baroclinic jet by analyzing a realistic numerical model and conducting its sensitivity experiment. The key process is the interaction between the seasonal thermocline and the bottom Ekman layer on the slope off the northeastern coast of Hokkaido; the bottom Ekman transport causes subduction of the warm seasonal thermocline water below the cold lower-layer water, so the bottom mixed layer develops with a remarkable cross-isobath density gradient. Consequently, the buoyancy transport vanishes as a result of the thermal wind balance in the mixed layer. The SWC area is divided into two regions during summer: upstream, the adjustment toward the buoyancy shutdown is in progress; downstream, the buoyancy shutdown occurs. The buoyancy shutdown theory assesses the bottom-mixed-layer thickness to be 50 m, consistent with observations and our numerical results. The seasonal thermocline from June to September is strong enough to establish the dominance of the buoyancy shutdown process over the frictional spindown. 相似文献
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