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1.
对1999年6月采自冲绳海槽北部的62个表层沉积物样品进行了底栖有孔虫分析。研究表明，该区属种多为中外陆架和上部陆坡常见底栖有孔虫，其中Cibicides pseudoungerianus在研究区域内广泛分布。底栖有孔虫群落明显受研究区水团的制约，该区底栖有孔虫Q型因子分析反映的4个组合分别对应不同的水团影响：组合1以Cibicides pseudoungerianus、Uvigerina sp.、Ammonia ketienziensis、Textularia pseudocarinata为主，代表陆架混合水团影响环境；组合2以Uvigerina peregrina、Beregrina、Bulimina mexicana、Bulimina submarginata、Globocassidulina subglobosa为主，代表黑潮暖流中层水影响下的环境；组合3以喜营养分子Bulimina marginata和Bolivina robusta为主，代表冷涡沉积和上升流沉积区的环境；组合4以Cibicides pseudoungerianus、Globocassidulina subglobosa为主，代表了对马暖流水团影响下的环境，其中水团的氧含量水平和营养状况是影响底栖有孔虫组合变化的主要因素。底栖有孔虫的丰度从西往东依次出现两个丰度高值带，一个位于研究区西部100—140m水深的陆架区，另一个位于400—600m水深的上陆坡，后者可能反映了冲绳海槽大陆坡普遍发育的陆坡上升流现象。 相似文献
2.
对冲绳海槽北部80个表层沉积样品中放射虫进行的定量研究表明，其丰度和分异度西北部低，东南部高，由西北向东南递增；从西北陆架到东南海槽放射虫分布可分为陆架低值区，海槽边缘中值区和中央高值区，放射虫的组成以泡沫虫目占绝对优势，总体面貌为热带大洋暖水动物群，沉积物中放射虫的分布与现代表层海水温度，盐度的分布和变化趋势一致，但与营养盐和实级生产力的分布呈负相关关系；同时，放射虫的分布又与研究区的海流和水团有密切关系，其中黑潮对其有控制性影响，沉积物类型极大地影响着放射虫的分布，放射虫的丰度和分异度明显地随粒度的增大和陆源物质含量的增加而减小，此外，放射虫的分岂有此理也显示了与沉积物中火山物质含量的密切相关性。 相似文献
3.
东海东北部春季若干重要水文结构的分析 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
本文主要基于韩国海洋研究所在东海沿岸海洋过程试验中收集的ＣＴＤ资料，分析了１９９５年春季出现在东海东北部的一些重要水文结构。结果表明，一种锋涡状结构出现在黑潮向东转折点附近。它不仅使邻近海域的水文结构变得更复杂，而且诱发黑潮水与陆架水间活跃的交换。在陆架坡折处观测到若干孤立的陆架水块，可能是锋涡的卷挟作用所致；该海域存在４个水团，即黑潮水、对马暖流水、陆架水和混合水。对马暖流水分为上下两层：上层水为变性黑潮水，盐度比黑潮水约低０．１，底层对马暖流水仅位于冲绳海槽区，并有着与黑潮中层水相同的温、盐特性；一种双锋结构出现在邻近黑潮的陆架边缘附近。在内陆架形成的陆架锋，由北向南伸展时，愈来愈偏向陆架边缘。而黑潮锋沿九州以西深槽的陆架边缘向北伸展。在黑潮转折点附近，两锋几乎合并为一条锋。狭窄的锋带由黑潮水及其变性水和陆架水的混合水所占据。 相似文献
4.
南海南部上层水体中多孔放射虫的组成与分布特征 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
通过对2002年5月采自南海南部11个站位的28个浮游分层拖网样品的定量研究，初步分析了南海南部上层水体中多孔放射虫的组成与分布特征。共鉴定出116属221种多孔放射虫，其中泡沫虫目123种，占总种数的55．7％；罩笼虫目98种，占总种数的44．3％。罩笼虫目在个体数量上占优势，罩笼虫目与泡沫虫目个体数量之比平均达1．73。多孔放射虫的属种组成呈现明显的热带暖水动物群的组合面貌，优势种相当突出，其组成与南海中北部海区及其它低纬度大洋相比存在一定差异，反映了南海南部海区独特的多孔放射虫属种组成特征。多孔放射虫丰度在不同水层中因受到不同环境因素的影响而呈现不同的平面分布趋势，惟一相似之处是高值多出现于西南或东北部海区；在垂直方向上基本呈随深度增加而减小的分布趋势，丰度和属种数最高值均出现于0—50m水层，在50m以深丰度和属种数均明显减少。各站位间简单分异度S变化幅度较大，在75—140种之间；而复合分异度H(s)变化幅度较小．在3．5-4．0之间。总体来说分异度值均比较高，表明南海南部上层水体中多孔放射虫种类多样性程度比较高，种群比较繁盛。 相似文献
5.
冲绳海槽中部表层沉积物中的放射虫 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
1992年7月“向阳红16号”海洋调查船利用大洋50型抓斗在冲绳海槽中部（25°30’－30°N,125°－129°E）区域内获取表层沉积物样品88个。表层沉积物中的放射虫定量分析结果表明;愈近海槽放射虫的数量及属、种丰度值愈高,西侧槽坡离开槽区越远,放射虫数量及属种越渐少。而东侧槽被放射虫数量则表现了高、低值成点状分布的格局。表层沉积物中两大类放射虫的百分含量分别为泡沫虫约占87％,罩笼虫约占13％。另外根据分析结果,把本区分为3个小的沉积区：陆坡上部沉积区;陆被下部沉积区;海槽底部沉积区。 相似文献
6.
为查明冲绳海槽北部浮游有孔虫动物群的分布特征与海洋环境之间的关系，对1992年6月和1999年6月两次采白冲绳海槽北部111个表层沉积物中的浮游有孔虫进行了鉴定和统计，并利用Q型因子分析方法对其群落组合特征进行了分析。结果表明，冲绳海槽北部浮游有孔虫主要有3个因子组合。以Globlobigerinita glutinata(Egger)为代表的主因子1主要分布在东南侧的黑潮主干和对马暖流控制区内，同时受西侧陆架冷水影响的部分站位也显示了较高的载荷值。G．glutinata的种群特征显示，黑潮主干和对马暖流控制区以大个体分子为主，而小个体分子主要集中在受冷水影响的陆架浅水区。因此，G．glutinata很可能是300N以北海域黑潮及其分支流系的优势种，而其小个体分子在陆架浅水的存在可能与东海冷涡沉积动力环境相关。以浅生种Globigerinoides ruber(d‘Orbigny)为代表的主因子2主要分布在研究区西侧和北侧水深100—150m之间的陆架浅水区。以Neogloboquadrina dutertrei(d’Orbigny)和Pulleniatina obliquiloculata(Parker＆Jones)为代表的主因子3，主要分布在研究区中部的黑潮和对马暖流与陆架水的混合区内。因此，冲绳海槽北部浮游有孔虫动物群的分布受到海流、水团、水深等多种海洋环境因素的影响。 相似文献
7.
冲绳海槽中南部及其邻近陆架悬浮体的分布、组成和影响因子分析 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
初夏冲绳海槽中南部海域悬浮体含量的分布特点为:表层水体中部海区高,南北海区低;中底层水体自南西至北东由低至高.从陆架到海槽断面的悬浮体含量分布为陆架最高值区、陆坡最低值区和海槽低值区.悬浮体组成包括矿物岩石碎屑、生物骨屑以及絮凝体.矿物岩石碎屑主要分布在陆架区中、下层水体,生物骨屑主要分布在海槽区(整个水层)和陆架区上层水体,絮凝体在研究区都有分布.海槽区与陆架区的悬浮体含量垂直分布和组分特征具有明显的差异.研究区悬浮体分布和组成主要受控于黑潮对陆架物质向冲绳海槽输送的阻隔、生物生产量以及地形、地理环境. 相似文献
8.
黄、东海海域水团发育对底质沉积物分布的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对黄、东海海域底质沉积物中的细粒级粘土矿物组合特征和全粒级碳酸盐含量分析、对比上覆水团和悬浮体资料，探讨研究区水团发育消长对底质沉积物分布的影响作用。结果表明研究区可以划分为长江冲淡水影响的长江型物质沉积区；黄海水影响的黄河型物质沉积区和黑潮水以及东海次表层水影响的残留型物质沉积区。而水团发育消长可直接影响下伏底质的分布特征。黄河型物质沉积区与残留型物质沉积区的分界相应于黄海冷水向东南扩展与黑潮次中层混合水向陆架爬升互为消长的长期综合平衡位置，而黄海冷水向东南的扩展范围代表着黄河物质在陆架向东南扩展沉积的最大范围． 相似文献
9.
东海中部三万年以来的沉积环境 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
王宝永 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1988,(1)
本文对东海中部8个柱样中的放射虫化石进行了研究,对东海三万年以来的古环境和古海洋学问题认识如下:冲绳海槽中放射虫的数量远比陆架丰富;陆架中部海水可能由北向南退出,外陆架的海水是由西北向东南退出;距今一万五千年左右海平面最低位置约在现在水深的107—134m间;初步确定海槽全新世与更新世的界线约在40cm处. 相似文献
10.
对普里兹湾16个表层沉积物样品中的放射虫动物群进行了全属种鉴定和分析,共检出放射虫2目66属107种,其中罩笼虫目40属71种,泡沫虫目26属36种,前者的属种多样性和个体数量都显著高于后者。研究结果显示:普里兹湾放射虫多样性程度较低,但丰度较高,平均可达3.36万枚/g,呈现出陆架区湾口区冰架前缘的趋势,且湾西部高于东部,可能主要受研究区表层生产力、环流结构、沉积物类型和冷水团分布等海洋环境要素的影响。以Antarctissa strelkovi、Antarctissa denticulata为代表的Antarctissa group是该区最典型的优势种组合,平均百分含量高达42.43%,其分布主要受控于水体温度,其高含量具有指示冷水团分布的潜力,而该组合丰度的分布主要受环流和地形的影响;由Phormacantha hystrix、Plectacantha oikiskos和Rhizoplegmaboreale组成的特征种组合平均百分含量为12.54%,其丰度和含量的分布模式主要表征的是与环流结构有关的水团混合作用的强弱,对水深或离岸距离的指示作用并不明显。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
15.
16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
17.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
19.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
20.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献