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1.
本文依据南海低纬地区SA09-090孔高分辨率的孢粉记录,从下至上划分了4个孢粉组合带,从孢粉成分的变化,重建了15kaBP以来的植被和气候变化历史。研究结果发现:15.0—12.5kaBP期间研究区花粉主要来自当地出露的陆架,揭示出出露的陆架植被类型是以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主。海滨地区生长着茂盛的红树林,当时气温比现在低一些,但无明显变干现象。12—10kaBP期间植被中低山雨林花粉增多,红树植物花粉减少,这说明此时海平面上升,气温也回升,花粉源区变远。全新世时(10kaBP至今),花粉主要来源于加里曼丹岛和周围岛屿,植被以低山雨林和海滨红树植物为主,但花粉浓度大幅降低,这种花粉浓度降低说明海平面继续上升,研究区距离花粉源区越来越远。全新世中期时为热、湿的气候环境,后期与现今相近。 相似文献
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根据南海低纬地区SA09-090孔高分辨率的孢粉记录,从下至上划分了4个孢粉组合带,依据孢粉成分的变化,重建了15 000 aBP以来的植被和气候变化历史.研究结果发现:冰消期早期(15.0～12.5 kaBP)研究区花粉主要来自当地出露的陆架,揭示出出露的陆架植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主.海滨地区生长着茂盛的红树... 相似文献
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东海外陆架EA01孔末次冰期最盛期的三角洲沉积 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
对东海 EA 0 1孔 (30°2 2 .96 15′ N、 12 5°4 5 .6 0 5 5′ E)岩心的沉积层序、粒度成分、沉积物年代、底栖有孔虫组合及其沉积环境的研究 ,揭示了东海外陆架末次冰期最盛期的三角洲沉积。钻孔 0 .36～ 2 9.6 5 m为一不完整的进积三角洲沉积层序 ,自下而上依次为前三角洲、河口沙坝和分流间湾的交替沉积 ;末次冰期三角洲的发育 ,表明了冰期低海面时期外陆架上的继承性沉降盆地仍被海水覆盖 ;盆地的区域沉降与海平面的共同作用形成了容纳沉积物的有效空间 ,捕获了河流带来的沉积物而形成三角洲 ,这是河流对海平面变化和构造下沉的响应 ,同时也反映了冰期陆架环境的多样性 相似文献
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应用U37^K和δ^18O重建末次盛冰期以来海水古温度和海平面变化，U37^K-SST沉积记录表现了冰期／间冰期模式．U37^K-SST在冰后期23．3-26．9℃；末次盛冰期22．2-23．8℃．末次盛冰期时古温度比目前平均低4．7℃，南海北部季节性温差冰后期在4．5-7．0℃；末次盛冰期在7．0-9．0℃，远远超过同一纬度太平洋季节温差．末次冰期以来在气候降温的同时，伴有海平面下降，气候的冷暖交替对海平面变化具有决定性的控制意义． 相似文献
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大陆边缘盆地是大陆风化剥蚀产物的主要沉积汇,其中有机碳的埋藏通量及其控制机制的研究对于理解全球碳循环具有重要科学意义。本研究基于南海东北部台西南盆地TWS-1岩芯的AMS14C测年、总有机碳、总氮含量和稳定碳同位素组成的分析,探讨了末次盛冰期23ka BP以来南海东北部陆源有机碳的来源、历史和影响机制。与潜在物源端元对比表明,台湾是研究站位沉积物陆源有机碳的主要物源,相对海源其贡献比例约为58%,陆源物质可能主要通过海底峡谷水道和低海平面时期陆架河流输入。重建的陆源有机碳通量在末次冰消期早期(19—13kaBP)和中全新世(7—4ka BP)期间有两个峰值,分别约0.16g/(cm2·ka)和0.09g/(cm2·ka)。综合分析表明,二者分别受控于冰期低海平面时期增强的陆架风化剥蚀和全新世季风强盛期降水驱动的古台湾岛剥蚀。我们的工作表明冰期-间冰期循环中海平面和季风分别驱动的大陆边缘有机碳埋藏可能对全球碳循环和大气CO2浓度演变有重要影响。 相似文献
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依据南海低纬地区SA09-040孔高分辨率的孢粉记录,自下至上划分了4个孢粉组合带。从孢粉成分的变化,重建了22.25ka B P以来的植被与气候变化历史。结果表明:孢粉主要来源于婆罗洲和周围岛屿,孢粉1带(22.25～16.6ka B P),低山雨林植被发育,为暖热气候,从测年时间看,当时为末次冰期晚期。孢粉2带(16.6～10.82ka B P,为末次冰消期),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶的松数量较多,当时的气温比现在低。孢粉3带(全新世早期,10.82～6.43ka B P),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶松属数量减少,气温比前期升高,海平面也上升。孢粉4带(全新世中晚期,6.43ka B P至今),全新世中期为炎热、湿润的气候环境,全新世晚期可能与婆罗洲现今的植被景观相近,为热、湿的气候环境。 相似文献
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Robert Larter Claus - Dieter Hillenbrand James Smith Alastair Graham Tara Deen Julian Dowdeswell Jeff Evans Karsten Gohl Gerhard Kuhn Colm O＇ Cofaigh 蔡观强 《海洋地质》2009,(1)
海洋地球科学资料表明末次冰盛期时期（LGM）底土冰沿着2500km长、从南极半岛北部到Amundsen海的大陆边缘的大部分（但不是全部）一直延伸到了大陆架边缘。横陆架海槽外部的水深测量资料显示了过去的结冰程度，这些资料也揭示了冰川下床体的拉长残余。这些都表明海槽是快速流动冰块的通道。冰后期冰山的深入刨蚀作用，将堤岸冰山流动的地貌证据消除。然而，堤岸之间的地震剖面资料显示存在普遍的陆架外缘冰山运移和大量的冰块不整合现象， 相似文献
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利用主成分分析法对冰岛北部陆架 MD99-2275 孔中全新世以来沉积物硅藻数据进行研究发现,5 000 - 3 000 a B.P.,冰岛北部陆架表层古海水温度逐渐上升,来自印明格暖流的北大西洋暖水对该区域的影响有所增强.自 3 000 a B.P.以来,表层海水温度开始稳步下降,北大西洋暖水水团的影响逐步减弱,而来自东格陵兰寒流和东冰岛海流的极地冷水水团的影响显著加强.在晚全新世气候逐渐变冷的过程中,发生了几次短期而显著的气候变冷事件,分别出现在 3 000 - 2 600 a B.P.,1 300 - 1 000 a B.P.及 600- 200 a B.P..该中晚全新世古海洋环境记录与格陵兰冰芯(GSIP2)氧同位素气候记录存在良好的对应关系,也与冰岛北部陆架其他海水温度记录有较好的一致性.而冰岛北部陆架区域海底地形的复杂性和海流分布的差异性,以及所采用研究方法的不同则导致该区域各古海水温度记录之间也存在一定的差异性. 相似文献
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南海北部是南海向陆地过渡的前锋关键地带和全球变化的敏感地区之一，受海平面变化的影响，该地区海平面标志物广泛发育，是开展过去海平面变化研究的理想区域。目前关于南海北部全新世海平面变化历史的认识依然存在一定分歧。基于此，通过新增6个珊瑚礁数据，并对南海北部已发表的海平面数据进行年代和高程校正，然后进行相互验证和可靠性分析。同时对监测记录较为连续的12个验潮站的现代海平面观测资料进行整理和进一步验证重建结果的可靠性。最后，根据汇编的679个校正和可靠性评估后的海平面数据，重建了南海北部全新世以来，尤其是最近2 000 a的海平面变化历史和变化特征。校正和评估后的数据显示：南海北部海平面从早全新世（8 211±128）cal a BP的-16.16 m快速上升到6 000～7 000 cal a BP的1.5～2.5 m，之后波动下降到现今海平面高度。其中在中全新世海平面保持高位震荡约2 600 a，而晚全新世南海北部过去2 000 a海平面整体呈现出阶段变化过程。首先，在公元0-350年呈下降趋势，然后在公元350-850年海平面快速上升，并在公元880年，海平面处于过去2 000 a的最高... 相似文献
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Shengyi Mao Guodong Jia Xiaowei Zhu Nengyou Wu Daidai Wu Hongxiang Guan Lihua Liu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(8):22-30
Long-chain n-alkanols and n-alkanes in core sediments from the northern South China Sea (SCS) were measured to make a comparison during terrestrial vegetation reconstruction from ~42 ka to ~7 ka. The results showed that terrestrial vegetation record from long-chain n-alkanes matched well with previous studies in nearby cores, showing that more C4 plants developed during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and C3 plants dominated in the interglacial period. However, these scenarios were not revealed by terrestrial vegetation reconstruction using long-chain n-alkanols, which showed C3 plant expansion during the LGM. The discrepancy during the interglacial period could be attributed to the aerobic degradation of functionalized long-chain n-alkanols in the oxygen-rich bottom water, resulting in poor preservation of terrestrial vegetation signals. On the other hand, the different advantages of functionalized n-alkanols and non-functional n-alkanes to record local and distal vegetation signals, respectively, may offer a potential explanation for the contradiction during the LGM when the SCS was characterized by low-oxygen deep water. Nevertheless, large variations on n-alkyl lipid compositions in C3/C4 plants could play a part in modulating sedimentary long-chain n-alkanols and n-alkanes toward different vegetation signals, thereby suggesting that caution must be taken in respect to the terrestrial vegetation reconstruction using long-chain n-alkanes and long-chain n-alkanols. 相似文献
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An oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) currently exists at intermediate water depths on the northern Japanese margin in the northwestern Pacific. The OMZ results largely from a combination of high surface–water productivity and poor ventilation of intermediate waters. We investigated the late Quaternary history (last 27 kyr) of the intensity of this OMZ using changes in benthic foraminiferal carbon isotopes and assemblages in a sediment core taken on the continental slope off Shimokita Peninsula, northern Japan, at a water depth of 975 m. The core was located well within the region of the present-day OMZ and high surface–water productivity. The benthic foraminiferal δ13C values, which indicate millennial-scale fluctuations of nutrient contents at the sediment–water interface, were 0.48‰ lower during the last glacial maximum (LGM) than during the late Holocene. These results do not indicate the formation of glacial intermediate waters of subarctic Pacific origin, but rather the large contribution of high-nutrient water masses such as the Antarctic Intermediate Water, implying that the regional circulation pattern during the LGM was similar to that of modern times. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages underwent major changes in response to changes in dissolved oxygen concentrations in ocean floor sediments. The lowest oxygen and highest nutrient conditions, marked by dysoxic taxa and negative values of benthic foraminiferal δ13C, occurred during the Bølling/Allerød (B/A) and Pre-Boreal warming events. Dysoxic conditions in this region during these intervals were possibly caused by high surface–water productivity at times of reduced intermediate–water ventilation in the northwestern Pacific. The benthic assemblages show dysoxic events on approx. 100- to 200-year cycles during the B/A, reflecting centennial-scale productivity changes related to freshwater cycles and surface–water circulation in the North Pacific. 相似文献
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The article summarizes and analyzes published data on the distribution of sea-ice and open-ocean diatoms in 42 cores of bottom sediments from the northwestern part of the Subarctic Pacific that accumulated during the last glacial maximum (LGM). Based on micropaleontological records, the extent of winter sea ice during the LGM could be limited to the Okhotsk and Bering seas. During the warm season, the surface water masses from the open Subarctic Pacific spread widely in the marginal seas. 相似文献
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竿虾虎鱼(Luciogobius guttatus)隶属于拟虾虎鱼亚科(Gobionellinae),已知分布于中国沿海、朝鲜半岛和日本的岩基砾石质潮间带。日本学者发现竿虾虎鱼在日本沿海存在三个谱系,但在我国,针对竿虾虎鱼的研究仅限于形态测量和野外调查记录。基于线粒体DNA和核基因序列标记,本研究从系统发育和群体遗传两个角度,揭示竿虾虎鱼在我国北方沿海的隐存多样性与群体历史。结果表明,与日本分布的竿虾虎鱼对比,我国北方沿海分布的竿虾虎鱼存在以崂山为潜在屏障的偏南、偏北两个谱系,分别对应于日本沿海的谱系A和谱系C,缺少谱系B。本研究推测,末次冰期对竿虾虎鱼的有效种群扩张和群体的分化及扩散起到关键作用,且不同谱系对冰期气候变化的反应并不一致。本研究初步查明了中国北方沿海竿虾虎鱼的隐存多样性现状,为我国竿虾虎鱼的保护提供了分子依据。 相似文献
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Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a carbon reservoir that is as large as the atmospheric CO2 pool, and its contribution to the global carbon cycle is gaining attention. As DOC is a dissolved tracer, its distribution can serve to trace the mixing of water masses and the pathways of ocean circulation. Published proxy and model reconstructions have revealed that, during the last glacial maximum (LGM), the pattern of deep ocean circulation differed from that of the modern ocean, whereby additional carbon is assumed to have been sequestered in stratified LGM deep water. The aim of this study is to explore the distribution of DOC and its production/removal rate during the LGM using the Grid ENabled Integrated Earth system model (GENIE). Modeled results reveal that increased salinity of bottom waters in the Southern Ocean is associated with stronger stratification and oxygen depletion. The stratified LGM deep ocean traps more nutrients, resulting in a decrease in the DOC reservoir size that, in turn, causes a negative feedback for carbon sequestration. This finding requires an increase in DOC lifetime to compensate for the negative feedback. The upper limit of DOC lifetime is assumed to be 20,000 years. Modeled results derive an increase (decrease) in DOC reservoir by 100 Pg C leading to an atmospheric CO2 decrease (increase) of 9.1 ppm and a dissolved inorganic carbon δ13C increase (decrease) of 0.06‰. The DOC removal rate is estimated to be 39.5 Tg C year–1 in the deep sea during the LGM. The contribution of DOC to the LGM carbon cycle elucidates potential carbon sink-increasing strategies. 相似文献
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本文对白令海北部陆坡B2-9站位沉积物岩芯开展了高分辨率的生物标志物分析,获得了研究区近一万年来陆源长链正构烷烃（简写为烷烃）的输入及其源区植被结构的变化等相关记录。结果表明,nC27是烷烃中最高的主碳峰,对烷烃总量的贡献也最大,这可能与源区木本植物的丰度及其分布有关;nC23的含量也较高,可能主要是来源于北半球沿海地区广泛分布的一类沉水植物。全新世期间,烷烃总量分别在7.8 ka B.P.,6.7 ka B.P.和5.4 ka B.P.经历了三次阶梯状的下降过程,呈现出四个相对稳定的阶段,可能主要受控于早全新世海平面上升以及源区气候环境和植被分布的变化。烷烃的分子组合特征各参数（如CPI、ACL以及nC31/nC27等）的变化则表明,烷烃主要来自陆生高等植物,且全新世期间植被结构较为稳定,木本植物占据优势。此外,在几个较短的时期内,烷烃总量及其分子组合特征等参数的变化具有同步性,表明在这些时期特殊的气候条件下,源区木本植物烷烃对烷烃总量的贡献率的增加可能低于草本植物烷烃和化石烷烃。 相似文献
17.
Camerlenghi Angelo Domack Eugene Rebesco Michele Gilbert Robert Ishman Scott Leventer Amy Brachfeld Stefanie Drake Allison 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2001,22(5-6):417-443
We present the results of a marine geophysical investigation of the northern Prince Gustav Channel. By comparative analysis of multibeam bathymetric data, single channel seismic reflection profiles, underway chirp sonar data, ADCP current data and sediment coring, we define the main morphological elements of the area. In particular we define the glacial morphogenesis in relation to the excavation of inner shelf basins and troughs along structural discontinuities and lithologic boundaries. We identify streamlined surfaces that testify to the grounding of ice and past ice flow directions. These glacial forms are found only on glacial tills preserved in the deepest part of the basins, while net erosion to bedrock has occurred elsewhere. Since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the relict glacial morphology has been draped by hemipelagic and diatomaceous mud, and bottom currents have played a major role in focusing sedimentation within small depocentres, that we define as contouritic drifts. Based on shallow sediment architecture and supported by direct measurements, we propose that the direction of bottom water flow is from the outer shelf into the Prince Gustav channel as a result of a combination of tidal currents and ice shelf-related thermohaline circulation. 相似文献
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Terrestrial supply to marginal seas is a function of interaction between land and ocean in response to climate changes. Terrestrial flux in sediments, therefore, is potential not only to reflect the paleoceanographic evolution of sedimentary basin, but also to reveal the paleoclimatic changes in source regions. Sediments from the Okinawa Trough were quantitatively partitioned into terrestrial, volcanic and biogenitic end members using constrained leastsquares technique for geochemical compositional data. Combined with the density of bulk sediments and sedimentation rate, the terrestrial flux in sediments from the Okinawa Trough since the last 35 000 a was estimated. Based on surface seawater temperature (SST) and sea level changes over the past 35 000 a, the response of terrestrial flux to the climate changes was discussed. It is demonstrated that the terrestrial supply to the Okinawa Trough mainly derived from Chinese landmass via the Changjiang (Yangtze) River and controlled by sea level changes. During the postglaciation, the terrestrial flux was the lowest in response to the highest sea level stand. During the last glacial maximum (LGM), the terrestrial flux was not so high as previously expected, indicating the arid climatic condition in source region was responsible for lowering the Changjiang River’s runoff during that time. During the deglaciation, the terrestrial flux increased in response to a quick rising of the sea level, probably implicating occurrence of downslope transport. The four events characterized by slight increase in terrestrial flux exactly correspond to the LGM, Heinrich events (H1, H2, H3), respectively. 相似文献
19.
In this paper we present an overview of the major triggering mechanisms and preconditions for slope failure on the European continental margins, a vast area in which the dominant factors on sedimentation and erosional processes vary both spatially and temporally. Therefore, we have collated and integrated new as well as published data for both the formerly glaciated and non-glaciated areas of this highly dynamic margin for a time period mainly from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present. Mass transport type is predominantly translational sliding on the high-latitude continental margins (north of 52°N), whereas turbidites dominate on lower latitudes. This is partly related to the average slope of the respective continental margin segments and differences in both sediment types and soil properties. Additionally, on low latitudes, submarine slope failures mainly occurred during glacial conditions with low sea level, whereas on high latitudes, they occur during the relatively fast transition from glacial to interglacial conditions (i.e. during periods of sea level rise). The largest submarine slides (e.g. Storegga, Trænadjupet, Andøya) on the glaciated Norwegian margin occurred during the Holocene, a time of rapid ice sheet decay, continental uplift and increased seismic activity, one of the most important triggering mechanisms for large failures during deglaciation processes. Preconditioning factors such as weak layers related to contourite drifts and rapid loading by glacial sediments may enhance strain localization and creep processes on the slope. 相似文献
20.
Paleoenvironmental records from the northern South China Sea since the Last Glacial Maximum 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Core ZHS-176 contains the paleoenvironmental records from the northern South China Sea (NSCS) since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). A coupled approach based on clay mineral assemblages, planktonic foraminiferal oxygen and carbon isotopes, and calcium carbonate content is used to trace the sources of the fine-grained sediment and to investigate the paleoenviornmental evolution in this area. Clay mineral assemblages are dominated by illite (average about 39%) and chlorite (about 27%), which comes mainly from Taiwan and the East China Sea. Kaolinite, which accounts for about 13%, comes mainly from the Zhujiang (Pearl) River, and Luzon Island is the main source for smectite (about 21%). The planktonic foraminiferal oxygen isotopic oscillations during the last glacial period are coeval with climate variations recorded in the Greenland ice core and Western Pacific sediment. These variations include the LGM, Heinrich event 1, Bφlling-Allerφd (B/A), and Younger Dryas. For the Holocene, three periods of strong precipitation (S1-S3) and three periods of weak precipitation (W1-W3) are identified. The oxygen isotopic record exhibits corre-lation with climate records from distant regions, including the high-latitude Northern Hemisphere, providing evidence for global tele-connection among regional climate. A brief, negative planktonic foraminiferal carbon isotopic excursion during B/A reflects increased methane released from marine gas hydrate due to the rapid warming of the water. By comparing calcium carbonate content curves of the core ZHS-176 with these of other five boreholes lying above the lysocline, a remarkable low calcium carbonate event is found during the early Holocene in NSCS. 相似文献