共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
Quantitative traits correlative analysis and growth comparison among different populations of bay scallop,Argopecten irradians 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
The shell traits and weight traits are measured in cultured populations of bay scallop, Argopecten irradians. The results of regression analysis show that the regression relationships for all the traits are significant (P<0.01). The correlative coefficients between body weight, as well as tissue weight with shell length, shell height and shell width are significant (P<0.05). But the correlative coefficients between the anterior and posterior auricle length with body weight as well as tissue weight are not significant (P>0.05). The multiple regression equation is obtained to estimate live body weight and tissue weight. The above traits except anterior and posterior auricle length are used for the growth and production comparison among three cultured populations, Duncan's new multiple range procedure analysis shows that all the traits in the Lingshuiqiao (LSQ) population are much more significant than those of the other two populations (P<0.01), and there is no significant difference between the Qipanmo ( 相似文献
2.
Genetic parameter estimates for growth traits at early stage of Pacific abalone,Haliotis discus hannai Ino 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Heritability and genetic and phenotypic correlations were estimated for juvenile growth traits of Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino.The estimates were calculated from shell length and shell width measurements on progeny resulting from 12 half-sib families and 36 full-sib families obtained using artificial fertilization of mating three females to each male.The measurements were taken at 10,20 and 30 d after fertilization.It was found that heritability estimates based on sire component ranged from 0.23 to 0.36 for shell length and 0.21 to 0.32 for shell width.Heritability estimates from dam component were larger than those from sire component at three ages,indicating presence of maternal effects,non-additive genetic effects and common environmental effects.Phenotypic correlations were significant at three ages(P < 0.05),with values of 0.92,0.93 and 0.92,respectively.Genetic correlations from the paternal half-sib correlation analysis were highly positive at three ages,with values of 0.50,0.78 and 0.81,respectively.The results suggest that selective breeding is an effective approach to improving growth traits of Pacific abalone stocks. 相似文献
3.
In order to carry out the genetic improvement of turbot upper thermal tolerance, it is necessary to estimate the genetic parameters of UTT(upper thermal tolerance) and growth-related traits. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for BW(body weight) and UTT in a two-generational turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.) pedigree derived from four imported turbot stocks(England, France, Denmark and Norway). A total of 42 families including 20 families from G1 generation and 22 families from G2 generation were used to test upper thermal tolerance(40–50 animals per family) in this study and the body weight of individuals were measured. The heritability of BW and UTT and the correlation between these two traits were estimated based on an individual animal model using Bayesian method based on two types of animal models with and without maternal effects.These results showed that the heritabilities for BW and UTT and phenotypic and genetic correlations between the two traits estimated from model without maternal effects were 0.239±0.141, 0.111±0.080, 0.075±0.026 and–0.019±0.011, respectively. The corresponding values from model with maternal effects were 0.203±0.115,0.055±0.026, 0.047±0.034 and –0.024±0.028, respectively. The maternal effects of BW and UTT were 0.050±0.017 and 0.013±0.004, respectively. The maternal effects had a certain influence on the genetic evaluation of the two traits. The findings of this paper provided the necessary background to determine the best selection strategy to be adopted in the genetic improvement program. 相似文献
4.
An introduced turbot population was used to establish families and to estimate genetic parameters of the offspring. However, there is a lack of pedigree information, and common environmental effects can be introduced when each full-sib family is raised in a single tank. Therefore, in the genetic evaluation, SSRs(simple sequence repeats) were used to reconstruct the pedigree and to calculate molecular relatedness between individuals, and the early mixed-family culture model was used to remove the impact of the common environmental effects. After100 d of early mixed culture, twenty SSRs were used to cluster 20 families and to calculate paired molecular relationships(n=880). Additive genetic matrices were constructed using molecular relatedness(MR) and pedigree reconstruction(PR) and were then applied to the same animal model to estimate genetic parameters. Based on PR, the heritabilities for body weight and body length were 0.214±0.124 and 0.117±0.141, and based on MR they were 0.101±0.031 and 0.102±0.034, respectively. Cross validation showed that the accuracies of the estimated breeding values based on MR(body weight and body length of 0.717±0.045 and 0.629±0.141, respectively) were higher than those of PR(body weight and body length of 0.692±0.052 and 0.615±0.060, respectively). The MR method ensure availability of all genotyped selection candidates, thereby improving the accuracy of the breeding value estimation. 相似文献
5.
In order to elucidate the genetic mechanism of growth traits in turbot during ontogeny, developmental genetic analysis of the body weights, total lengths, standard lengths and body heights of turbots was conducted by mixed genetic models with additive-dominance effects, based on complete diallel crosses with four different strains of Scophthalmus maximus from Denmark, Norway, Britain, and France. Unconditional genetic analysis revealed that the unconditional additive effects for the four traits were more significant than unconditional dominance effects, meanwhile, the alternative expressions were also observed between the additive and dominant effects for body weights, total lengths and standard lengths. Conditional analysis showed that the developmental periods with active gene expression for body weights, total lengths, standard lengths and body heights were 15–18, 15 and 21–24, 15 and 24, and 21 and 27 months of age, respectively. The proportions of unconditional/conditional variances indicated that the narrow-sense heritabilities of body weights, total lengths and standard lengths were all increased systematically. The accumulative effects of genes controlling the four quantitative traits were mainly additive effects, suggesting that the selection is more efficient for the genetic improvement of turbots. The conditional genetic procedure is a useful tool to understand the expression of genes controlling developmental quantitative traits at a specific developmental period(t-1→t) during ontogeny. It is also important to determine the appropriate developmental period(t-1→t) for trait measurement in developmental quantitative genetic analysis in fish. 相似文献
6.
Genetic parameters and response to selection for body weight in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus,Linnaeus) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
LYU Ding WANG Weiji LUAN Sheng HU Yulong GUAN Jiantao LI Zhixiang WU Huanhuan KONG Jie LIU Shoutang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,(6)
Genetic parameters and response to selection were estimated for harvest body weight in turbot. The data consisted of 10 952 individuals of 508 full-sib families from three generations(G0, G1, and G2). The heritability estimates for G0, G1, and G2 were 0.11±0.08, 0.18±0.09, and 0.17±0.07, respectively. Over three generations, the heritability estimate was 0.19±0.04. Maternal and common environmental effects were 0.10±0.04, 0.14±0.04, and0.13±0.03 within each generation and 0.12±0.01 across generations. The selection differential in growth was 18.24 g in G0 and 21.19 g in G1 corresponding to an average of 19.72 g per generation. The genetic gains were also calculated, they were 22.06 g in G1 and 11.93 g in G2, corresponding to 6.36% and 3.52% body weight. The total genetic gain after two generations was 10.10% body weight, which indicated that the selective breeding program for the body weight trait in turbot was successful. 相似文献
7.
The inability of Fenneropenaeus chinensis to tolerate low temperatures is of major economic concern in temperate climates,as it reduces their growing season and leads to over-winter mortality.In this study,the heritability of body weight under low grow-out temperature and cold tolerance in F.chinensis were first investigated and estimated using 88 ful-sib families,which might provide crucial information in Chinese fleshy prawn breeding programs.The heritability for body weight under suitable and low temperature of F.chinensis were both moderate(0.158 0±0.307 5 and 0.132 0±0.026 9 respectively);the large coefficient of variation(approximately 21%) and moderate estimate of heritability for body weight indicated substantial potential for selective breeding.The heritability estimate for cold tolerance was low(0.019 2±0.023 5),and showed no significant differences from zero(P0.05).A weak genetic correlation between cold tolerance and body weight was also estimated in the present study,also showing no significant differences from zero(P0.05).Thus,more research needs to be conducted on the more accurate heritability estimate of cold tolerance and genetic correlations between traits in F.chinensis to further improve the achievement of breeding goals. 相似文献
8.
The objectives of this present research were to assess the heritability of growth traits under low temperature conditions in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.), and to analyze the correlation between body weight(BW) and body length(BL). There were 536 individuals from 25 full- and half-sib families involved in this study. During the entire 90-day period, which was initiated at 233 dph(day old) and ended at 323 dph, the individuals' BW and BL were weighed consecutively six times every 18 days. The heritability of BW and BL and the correlation between these two traits were estimated based on an individual animal model with the derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood(DFREML) method. These results showed that the specific growth rates(SGR) of 25 families was from 0.75±0.11 to 1.05±0.14 under water temperature of 10.5–12°C. In addition, the heritability of BW and BL estimated under low-temperature were 0.32±0.04 and 0.47±0.06, respectively. The BW had a medium heritability(0.2–0.4), and the BL had a high heritability(0.45), which suggested that selection for increased weight and length was feasible. Moreover, there was potential for mass selection on growth. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between BW and BL were 0.95±0.01 and 0.91±0.01(P 0.01), respectively. A significant correlation between BW and BL showed that BL could be instead of BW for indirect selection, which could be effectively implemented in the breeding program. 相似文献
9.
The precise and accurate knowledge of genetic parameters is a prerequisite for making efficient selection strategies in breeding programs.A number of estimators of heritability about important economic traits in many marine mollusks are available in the literature,however very few research have evaluated about the accuracy of genetic parameters estimated with different family structures.Thus,in the present study,the effect of parent sample size for estimating the precision of genetic parameters of four growth traits in clam M.meretrix by factorial designs were analyzed through restricted maximum likelihood(REML) and Bayesian.The results showed that the average estimated heritabilities of growth traits obtained from REML were 0.23–0.32 for 9 and 16 full-sib families and 0.19–0.22 for 25 full-sib families.When using Bayesian inference,the average estimated heritabilities were0.11–0.12 for 9 and 16 full-sib families and 0.13–0.16 for 25 full-sib families.Compared with REML,Bayesian got lower heritabilities,but still remained at a medium level.When the number of parents increased from 6 to 10,the estimated heritabilities were more closed to 0.20 in REML and 0.12 in Bayesian inference.Genetic correlations among traits were positive and high and had no significant difference between different sizes of designs.The accuracies of estimated breeding values from the 9 and 16 families were less precise than those from 25 families.Our results provide a basic genetic evaluation for growth traits and should be useful for the design and operation of a practical selective breeding program in the clam M.meretrix. 相似文献
10.
The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of body width(BW)to body length(BL)ratio(BW/BL)and of body weight traits(BWT)in turbot,and to elucidate the genetic mechanism of the two traits during ontogeny by dynamic genetic analysis.From 3 to 27 months,BW,BL and BWT of each communally stocked fish were measured every 3 months.The BW/BL ratio was measured at different sampling ages.A twotrait animal model was used for genetic evaluation of traits.The results showed that the heritability values of BW/BL ratio ranged from 0.2168 to 0.3148,corresponding to moderate heritability.The BWT heritability values ranged from 0.2702 to 0.3479 corresponding to moderate heritability.The heritability of BW/BL ratio was lower than that of BWT,except at 3 months of age.Genetic correlation between BW/BL ratio and BWT decreased throughout the measurement period.Genetic correlations were higher than the phenotypic correlations.The current results for estimating genetic parameters demonstrate that the BW/BL ratio could be used as a phenotypic marker of fast-growing turbot,and the BW/BL ratio and BWT could be improved simultaneously through selective breeding. 相似文献
11.
凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)是优质经济虾类,为培育出具有更多不同优良经济性状的优质亲本,亟需开展杂交育种工作。以凡纳滨对虾5个不同品系进行不完全双列杂交产生的F1代资料为分析对象,利用统计学和混合线性模型对生长及耐高盐性状进行配合力和杂种优势分析。结果显示,对于生长性状,5个品系中检测到的一般配合力(GCA)效应值较低,实验环境下生长性状主要受特殊配合力的影响,Z♂×Z♀、P♂×XH♀2个组合生长性状的非加性效应明显,特殊配合力(SCA)效应值分别为0.69和0.30;对于耐高盐性状,品系P、S的GCA效应值最高,分别为0.83和0.53,P♂×XH♀、S♂×S♀2个组合耐高盐性状SCA效应值最高,分别为2.67和3.37;生长和耐高盐性状配合力方差组分结果显示,3个性状的特殊配合力方差占表型方差比例均高于一般配合力;5个杂交组合中体质量和高盐耐受性状的平均杂种优势范围分别为–19.23%~18.07%和–10.50%~20.97%。P♂×XH♀组合在生长和耐高盐性状方面杂种优势明显,可以考虑加强该组合在选育及生产方面的应用。 相似文献
12.
不同贝龄毛蚶壳形态性状对体质量的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选取毛蚶(Scapharca subcrenata Lischke)1龄、2龄和3龄个体各100粒,分别测量壳长、壳高和壳宽等壳形态性状,并称其体质量,采用多元分析的方法分析了各表型性状间的相关性,以及壳形态性状对体质量的影响效果。结果表明,各性状间呈正相关,且达到极显著水平(P0.001);通径分析与决定程度分析的结果相似,不同贝龄期影响毛蚶体质量的主要因素是不同的,壳长是影响1龄毛蚶体质量的主要因素,壳长和壳宽是影响2龄毛蚶体质量的主要因素,且两者的共同决定系数最大(0.244),壳宽是影响3龄毛蚶体质量的主要因素,其与壳高的共同决定系数最大(0.230)。 相似文献
13.
紫扇贝和海湾扇贝杂交家系的生长和通径分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以紫扇贝(Argopecten purpuratus)和海湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians irradians)为亲本,建立了紫扇贝自交(ZZ)、海湾扇贝自交(HH)、紫扇贝(卵)×海湾扇贝(精)(ZH)和海湾扇贝(卵)×紫扇贝(精)(HZ)共4个试验家系.在养殖60、127 d时测定壳高、壳长、壳厚和体质量,并分析各养殖时期影响体质量的主要因素.结果表明:在各养殖时期,2杂交家系子代的壳高、壳厚以及体质量均表现出生长优势(P＜0.01),因此认为通过紫扇贝和海湾扇贝杂交方式是改善扇贝的良好方法.通径分析的结果表明,对于自交家系,壳长是影响体质量的主要影响因素,但对于杂交家系HZ来说,壳长(60 d)和壳厚(127 d)对体质量的决定作用最大;在杂交家系ZH,60 d时壳长和壳厚的协同作用对体质量的决定作用最大,127d时壳高的决定作用最大.因此对于两个杂交家系的选育,应按照不同性状对体质量的决定系数选择各时期的优势性状,以使子代的杂种优势充分表现. 相似文献
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15.
以中国海湾扇(Argopecten irradians)贝养殖群体为亲本分别构建了5个配对混交的海湾扇贝混交系,通过5对微卫星分子标记为手段对海湾扇贝卵子在同一个体和不同个体精子间的优先受精问题和不同生命阶段的海湾扇贝混交系杂合子比例的变化进行了研究。结果发现在受精后6 h的担轮幼虫期3个混交系中有2个混交系杂合子显著过剩。5个混交系的1d D形幼虫、20d稚贝、40d稚贝、3个月稚贝以及成贝在自然选择压力下杂合子比例逐渐上升,以壳长计算的杂交优势率也呈逐渐上升趋势,并且各个阶段的杂合子比例同杂交优势率的变化成显著正相关。 相似文献
16.
华贵栉孔扇贝表型性状相关和路径分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2006年4月,从广东湛江乌石养殖群体中挑选性腺成熟的个体作为亲本繁殖子一代。2006年12月从子一代群体随机取样200个个体,测量壳长、壳高、壳宽、肌肉重、壳重和全湿重共6个性状指标,利用测量数据进行表型性状相关和路径分析。结果表明：（1）表型性状间存在显著的相关性（P〈0.01）。全湿重与壳长、壳高、壳宽、肌肉重和壳重存在显著的正相关（P〈0.01）,相关系数分别为0.9343、0.8959、0.8991、0.8820和0.9379。（2）壳长、壳宽、肌肉重、壳高和壳重对全湿重具有正直接影响,其值分别为0.3971、0.3219、0.1721、0.0896和0.0669。本研究结果说明了对壳长、壳高、壳宽、肌肉重和壳重进行直接选择可以提高全湿重,这些性状可以作为选育的指标。 相似文献
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不同养殖海域栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)混合家系的通径分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了深入认识栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)壳尺寸性状和体重之间的关系,达到通过直观可见形状判断非直观性状,在栉孔扇贝苗种培育中指导种贝挑选工作的目的,本实验将600余只扇贝分别于三个不同纬度养殖环境(山东青岛、山东荣成和辽宁大连)下养殖一年后测量其性状数据,包括壳长、壳高、壳宽、体重,进行壳尺寸性状对体重性状的通径分析。偏回归系数统计表明,除大连海域壳长对体重的偏回归系数为0.266,差异不显著(P0.05)外,其它参数对体重均极显著(P0.01),表明大多数自变量和因变量之间都有极显著的共线性关系。对各个海域建立以壳尺寸为自变量,体重为因变量的回归方程,得出通径系数、各性状间的相关性指数以及各参数对体重的决定系数,计算出了不同养殖地点的栉孔扇贝壳尺寸性状和体重之间关系的回归方程。通径分析显示,对青岛海域栉孔扇贝体重直接作用最大的是壳高,对荣成海域栉孔扇贝体重直接作用最大的是壳长,而对大连海域栉孔扇贝体重直接作用最大的是壳宽。因此,以体重为目标挑选青岛海域的种贝时,应以壳高为优先选择指标;挑选荣成海域的种贝时,优先选择壳长;挑选大连海域的种贝时,优先选择壳宽。不同养殖海域栉孔扇贝的通径分析为栉孔扇贝亲贝的挑选提供了理论支持。 相似文献
19.
采用多元回归和通径分析的方法,研究了砂海螂(Mya arenaria)形态性状对重量性状的影响,建立了利用形态性状估计重量性状的回归方程,以评估砂海螂育种的选择指标。结果表明,各形态性状与体重、软体部重之间的相关系数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01);壳长对体重和软体部重的直接效应均为最大,其通径系数分别为0.4338和0.3265,是影响体重和软体部重的主要因素。壳宽对体重和软体部重的直接影响效应次之,但壳高对重量性状的影响主要是间接效应。决定系数分析的结果与通径分析结果具有一致的变化趋势。上述结果为砂海螂选择育种提供了依据,以壳长作为首选指标,能有效地增加体重和软体部重。 相似文献
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采用相关分析、共线性分析、多元回归分析及通径分析的方法对日本镜蛤(Dosinia japonica)的壳尺寸性状与重量性状间的关系进行了研究。相关分析结果表明,所测量的日本镜蛤的各性状间均呈极显著的表型相关(P<0.01);共线性分析剔除了与各壳性状存在严重共线性的壳长;通径分析表明,壳高和壳宽是直接影响体重和壳重的主要性状,壳宽和b(壳顶至壳后)是直接影响软体部重和软体部干重的主要性状,而直接影响体积的壳尺寸性状只有壳高;采用逐步回归的方法,建立了壳尺寸性状对体积和重量性状的最优回归方程,可为日本镜蛤的养殖和选择育种提供理论依据。 相似文献