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1.
渤海海峡海岛站与沿岸站大风对比分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
统计了渤海海峡5个海岛站和3个沿岸站1年的大风资料,在每月大风日数、风速、年际和月际变化特征、主导风向等方面进行了对比分析,得出渤海海峡大风如下结论:大风的风力以6～7级为主,南部比北部更易出现大风,且风速也较大;出现大风的最高概率为57.5%,即平均不到2天就出现一次;海岛站与沿岸站大风风力极值相差最大为20.8 m/s;极大风风速43.2 m/s,创历史最高纪录;风速的月变化规律基本一致,呈现两峰两谷形势;大风年主导风向为NW-NNE,风速以偏北大风和偏南大风较大,而偏西风和偏东风较小;具有典型的季风性气候特征,冬季以偏北大风为主,夏季以偏南大风为主,春、秋季偏北大风和偏南大风交替出现;综合应用海岛站和沿岸站大风记录,能更加准确反映渤海海峡大风的气候特征。 相似文献
2.
根据龙口海洋站观测得到的2007年逐时10分钟平均风速、风向资料,对平均风速风向、大风风速风向、大风日数等方面进行了分析,得出结论:龙口海洋站的风具有典型的季风性气候特征,冬夏季主风向有180°的变化,平均风速的月际变化出现两峰两谷的趋势;常风向为S向和NE向,强风向为偏北向;偏东风的平均风速和出现频率最小;大风风力以6级为主,大风的年平均风速为13.3 m/s,出现大风的月最高概率为63.3%;大风年主导风向为NW-NE以及S,风速以偏北大风较大,偏东风最小;秋冬季节以偏北大风为主,春季偏南大风与偏北大风交替出现,夏季是大风最少的季节。 相似文献
3.
《海洋预报》2017,(3)
根据东营港海洋站2011年1月—2015年12月间每10 min的实测风速、风向资料,对平均风速风向、极大风和7级以上大风天数等风要素进行了特征分析。结果表明:东营港海洋站的风具有明显的季节特征和年际变化,平均风速月际变化呈"两峰两谷"型,在偏北风向上,平均风速最大并且月际变化最显著,在偏南风向上,平均风速最小并且月际变化最不明显;全年盛行偏南向风和偏北向风,春夏季盛行偏南向风,秋季以偏南向风为主偏北向风为辅,冬季则以偏北向风为主偏南向风为辅;偏北风向上最易出现极大风,偏南风向出现极大风的频率最低;出现7级以上大风的天数每年总体上呈增长趋势,秋季最多,春季最少。 相似文献
4.
《海洋气象学报》2017,(2)
利用2013年1月—2014年12月山东近海的8个浮标站、海岛站和自动站资料与ASCAT近岸风速和风向进行对比,以分析ASCAT反演风场在山东沿海的适用性。研究发现:总体上看,ASCAT近岸风速与代表站实况风速正相关,ASCAT近岸风速在山东沿海误差较小,风向有明显的偏离。ASCAT近岸风在渤海、渤海海峡和黄海北部的适用性优于黄海中部。风力不同时,ASCAT近岸风速与实况偏差有明显差别,表现为当实况出现6级及以上的大风,ASCAT近岸风速小于实况;当实况出现6级以下的风,ASCAT近岸风速大于实况。就ASCAT风速偏差而言,6级以下的风速偏差小于6级及以上风。ASCAT近岸风向与实况偏差也有明显差别,当实况出现6级及以上的大风,ASCAT近岸风向与实况的偏离变小;当实况出现6级以下的风,ASCAT近岸风向与实况的偏离变大。因此,ASCAT近岸风速在山东沿海有较好的适用性,6级以下风更优;ASCAT近岸风向也有一定的适用性,6级及以上风向可用性比6级以下强。 相似文献
5.
《海洋预报》2016,(1)
根据唐山湾的特殊地理环境,将其分为西部、南部和东部3个海域,并选取3个沿岸站、2个海岛站和1个浮标站分别作为3个海域的代表站,对每个站点的大风日数、风速、年际和月际的变化特征进行对比分析。结果如下:南部海域出现≥6级的大风和极大风的天数最多,出现大风的概率与东部海域相当,均为西部海域的3倍左右;整个唐山湾海域大风具有典型的季节性变化特征,呈两峰两谷分布,5月和11月是出现大风最多的月份;3个海域的极大风速极值均在17.2 m/s以上(8级以上),7月16日急性型冷锋的出现使得嘴东站的极大风速达到31.2 m/s(11级);唐山湾3个海域的≥6级大风年主导风向为NE-ENE,≥6级极大风年主导风向为ENE-E,所有大风几乎没有偏南的风向,即唐山湾6级以上大风均以偏北风为主。综合分析3个海域代表站的大风资料,可以精确的反映唐山湾海域大风的气候特征,更为各个海域的天气预报提供辅助工作。 相似文献
6.
利用山东沿海12个精细化预报海区2010—2012年的实况代表站逐时大风资料,统计分析了山东沿海的大风日数、风速分布、大风持续时间及大风风向等特征。结果表明,山东沿海风速分布特征表现为:东部海区平均风速最大,在7 m/s左右,西部海区次之,在5 m/s左右,南部海区最小,在4 m/s左右,其中烟台南部沿海甚至在3 m/s以下。当出现大风过程时,各海区的风速相差更大。山东沿海的大风日数、大风持续时间都与平均风速表现为相同的分布特征。山东沿海的大风过程主要为偏北大风,并且量级主要分布在6—7级。由于山东沿海风的局地特征明显,因此在一次大风过程的预报中,各海区预报同一量级是不合适的,需要对预报量级和大风影响时间更加精细的把握。 相似文献
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9.
基于ERA-Interim再分析资料,统计分析了南沙海域的风场、海浪场的时空特征,并进一步研究了风浪成长关系,建立了适用于南沙海域的风浪模型。月平均场分析结果表明:在季风期,南沙海域的月平均有效波高与风场的时空分布特征有良好的对应关系,位于中南半岛的东南部存在一个风速和有效波高的大值中心,冬季强于夏季,中心位置随季节转换稍向下风向移动。频率分析结果表明:南沙海域全年以4级以内风力和3级以内海浪出现的频率最高,6级以上大风和5级以上海浪主要出现在冬季风期间;全年最大风速和浪高出现在10、11月,最大风速达到8级,最大有效波高可达6级,但频率非常小;整个海域风速和浪高最小的时期是4—5月。 相似文献
10.
福建沿海大风频繁,风力很大。据统计,一年中各月都会出现6级以上大风,其中又以每年10月至翌年2月最为频繁,平均每月大风日数达15天以上。11月份平潭站常年平均大风日数达26.3天之多,几乎全月都有大风。风力达8级以上者甚多,大者可达10—12级,台风正面袭击时,风力可达12级以上。因此,做好大风预报,是福建省天气预报服务中的一项重要任务。引起福建沿海大风的因素是非常复杂的,几乎各种天气系统都可能出现,预报难度大、特殊问题多。这些问题包括;环流形势的作用;气压梯度方向的影响;变压梯度的作用;起风时间的估计;西南大风的预报;地形低槽的作用。现分别讨论如下: 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
16.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
17.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
18.
I. G. Ostrovskaya 《Physical Oceanography》1992,3(5):397-403
Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
19.
Al. A. Shreider 《Oceanology》2007,47(1):91-103
The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates. 相似文献
20.
The study of the sedimentary body of the Bransfield Strait has made it possible to identify several sedimentary complexes, to construct the first electronic charts for the acoustic basement, and to establish four stages of the evolution of its floor, which updates the previous knowledge about the formation of the strait. At the first stage, there was an increase in tension stresses that were accompanied by the local splits of the continental crust at the periphery of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the second stage, a graben-like structure filled with the Lower stratigraphic complex was formed northward of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the third stage, the continuing processes of extension led to intensive explosive activity of the growing volcanic structures and filling of the graben with sediments of the Middle seismostratigraphic complex. The fourth stage, which has continued until recently, is characterized by quasi-linear localization of the major centers of volcanic activity in the band closer to the South-Shetland Islands and the formation of the Upper seismostratigraphic sedimentary complex. The evolution of the floor of the Bransfield Strait reflects the process of penetration of the American-Antarctic ridge to the continental lithosphere of the Antarctic Peninsula for the last million years. 相似文献