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大陆架科学钻探CSDP-02井的钻探,开启了南黄海中-古生界研究的新局面。本文利用过CSDP-02井的多道地震、测井和岩心资料,在对中部隆起中-古生界地层频谱分析的基础上,采用基于S变换的谱分解方法,对南黄海中部隆起中-古生界地层进行了谱分解,将地震数据由时间域转换到频率域,得到了不同频率的等频率剖面。结果表明,南黄海中部隆起存在3套可能的储集层,分别对应三叠系青龙组灰岩、二叠系龙潭组砂岩和石炭系灰岩,在等频率剖面上,均表现为明显的低频异常,频谱特征呈现低频高能、高频低能的特征,在高频剖面上,储层异常被浅层高频异常掩盖。通过与CSDP-02井的岩心和测井结果进行对比发现,3套储集层的频率衰减现象与岩心取样中的油浸层相关,这是我国首次在南黄海中-古生界发现油气显示,对指导南黄海中-古生界油气勘探具有重要意义。 相似文献
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ChristineEcker 《海洋地质》2002,(1):10-20
南卡罗莱纳布莱克海台的海洋地震数据和测井表明明显的似每底反射（BSR）是由含天然气水合物的沉积层覆盖在含游离气的沉积上所形成。我们将一个理论的岩石物理模型应用到二维的布莱克海台海洋地震数据上以确定天然气水合物及游离气的饱和状态。高孔隙度海洋沉积作为一个粒状的系统建立模型，在这样的系统中弹性波速度与孔隙度、有效压力、矿物、孔隙充填物的弹性性质地、水、以及孔隙中天然气水合物的饱和度联系在一起。为了将这种模型应用到地震数据上，首先我们使用迭加速度分析得到层，然后通过地质信息估算出孔隙度和饱和度，我们首先假设沉积物中没含天然气水合物或游离气，然后使用岩石物理模型直接从层速度计算孔隙度。这种孔隙度剖面在有天然气水合物及游离气的地方表现出异常（与所期望的典型剖面以及在无天然气水合物或游离气存在的沉积中得出的剖面相比较）。在含天然气水合物的地方孔隙度估算不足而在含游离气存在的沉积度估算过高。从这些异常剖面中，通过与典型孔隙度剖面（不含天然气水合物及游离气）相减计算出孔隙度的剩余值。然后，通过引入天然气水合物或游离气的饱和度，应用岩石物理模型消去这些异常。这样一来就得出了所期望的二维饱和度分布图。我们得出最大的天然气水合饱和度介于孔隙空间的13%到18%（取决于所用模型版本的不同而有所变化）。这些饱和度数值与布莱克海台的测井结果（在地震测线边上）相吻合，测井的结果为12%。游离气的饱和度在1%和2%之间。饱和度的估算对输入的速度值极为敏感，因此精确的速度确定对储量的改正十分关键。 相似文献
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本文讨论了西伯利亚贝加尔湖中含甲烷水合物之沉积物所表现的声学特性与频率关系。所用的五种不同类型的震源（枪阵，二种单气枪，水枪和电火花）的频带宽度10－1000Hz。对于低频枪阵数据，我们所观察到的水合物稳定带（HSZ）底是一个反极性强振幅的似海底反射（BSR）。对于中一高频率数据，BSR的振幅和连续性降低，甚至消失，垂向和水平方向的分辨率解释了这一特征。BSR反射振幅随着偏移距的增加而增强，BSR反射系数以及其下反射增强表明HSZ之下存在游离气。在BSR之上观察到一些延伸的强反射，推断为在HSZ内游离气与水合物共存的标志。BSR之上的空白带厚度变化不定，而对于中一高频的数据，BSR本身起一个低通滤波器的作用。提供初始地震信息的新单道剖面穿过了贝加尔钻井工程（BDP－97）的钻孔位置，在此处HSZ底部之上约200m的深度取到含水合物的沉积物。将钻井和地震信息结合，我们可以粗略估算储存于贝加尔湖中水合物和碳量，也让我们得出一个结论：贝加尔湖中气体水合物的储量没有形成一个有希望的能量远景。 相似文献
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沉积物含天然气水合物后通常会引起速度的增加,与周围地层形成较大的波阻抗差异,利用地震波阻抗反演技术可识别出这种差异,从而预测天然气水合物的分布。测井资料具有较高的纵向分辨率,而地震资料横向分辨率较高,通过井震联合反演可获得天然气水合物准确的空间展布形态。利用井震联合反演技术对南海北部神狐海域天然气水合物储层进行了精细刻画,研究表明,该矿区天然气水合物储层表现为高波阻抗特征,其值域范围为3 450～4 500m/s·g/cm3,同时根据有效介质模型建立了岩石物理量版,预测了天然气水合物储层的孔隙度和饱和度数据,预测结果与测井解释结果吻合度较高,为天然气水合物的资源评价提供了比较准确的物性数据。 相似文献
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为了研究频率域2.5维非线性共轭梯度反演在海洋天然气水合物探测中的实际应用效果,利用美国Scripps研究所在South Hydrate海域采集的可控源电磁探测数据进行2.5维非线性共轭梯度反演计算,结合其他地球物理方法在同一海区的研究结果,综合分析2.5维反演计算的准确性和有效性。结果表明,非线性共轭梯度反演能够清晰地反映出该区域海底面以下1~2 km地层的电导率结构分布,其局部反演结果与地震反射、地震层序、测井分析结果基本一致,且对小尺寸异常、浅层高阻体分辨力较强,尤其在海洋天然气水合物探测方面具有较大潜力。 相似文献
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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2015,(1)
天然气水合物是石油天然气的理想替代能源,是当前能源、环境领域的研究热点。我国2007年神狐海域水合物钻探表明,天然气水合物的空间分布不均,水合物矿体内部物性差异较大。为了研究海域水合物及游离气的矿层结构,准确评估研究区天然气水合物资源量,采用三维地震与海底高频地震(HF-OBS)联合采集技术,获取水合物矿区的多波地震反射数据。充分利用纵横波速度信息,刻画研究区天然气水合物矿体的外形与内部结构,分析含天然气水合物沉积层的沉积环境与沉积物类型关系,进而获得这一海域天然气水合物分布规律的综合地质认识。 相似文献
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大量研究表明南海北部珠江口盆地是天然气水合物发育区,但是该盆地东部揭阳凹陷水合物研究较少。本文利用揭阳凹陷新采集三维地震资料,对该三维地震资料进行成像道集优化和叠前时间偏移处理,得到针对水合物的新处理地震数据体,并通过高精度网格层析反演得到层速度数据体。利用该数据开展叠后约束稀疏脉冲反演,获得含天然气水合物地层波阻抗异常,综合分析反演与地震属性识别水合物。从新处理地震资料看,该区域似海底反射(bottom simulation reflection,BSR)反射呈连续、不连续与地层斜交等特征,BSR发育在一个继承性小型水道上,且下部断裂和气烟囱发育。通过分析BSR特征及BSR上下地层的速度、波阻抗、振幅、频率、相干等属性异常,结合水合物成藏条件,发现了南海北部新的天然气水合物有利富集区,为该区域水合物勘探提供基础。 相似文献
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The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
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We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
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We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
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V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
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Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
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Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
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I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
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I. G. Ostrovskaya 《Physical Oceanography》1992,3(5):397-403
Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
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Al. A. Shreider 《Oceanology》2007,47(1):91-103
The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates. 相似文献
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The study of the sedimentary body of the Bransfield Strait has made it possible to identify several sedimentary complexes, to construct the first electronic charts for the acoustic basement, and to establish four stages of the evolution of its floor, which updates the previous knowledge about the formation of the strait. At the first stage, there was an increase in tension stresses that were accompanied by the local splits of the continental crust at the periphery of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the second stage, a graben-like structure filled with the Lower stratigraphic complex was formed northward of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the third stage, the continuing processes of extension led to intensive explosive activity of the growing volcanic structures and filling of the graben with sediments of the Middle seismostratigraphic complex. The fourth stage, which has continued until recently, is characterized by quasi-linear localization of the major centers of volcanic activity in the band closer to the South-Shetland Islands and the formation of the Upper seismostratigraphic sedimentary complex. The evolution of the floor of the Bransfield Strait reflects the process of penetration of the American-Antarctic ridge to the continental lithosphere of the Antarctic Peninsula for the last million years. 相似文献