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1.
收集2000—2018 年福建近岸海域224 次赤潮事件资料，通过综合分析结果表明：2000—2018 年福建近岸海域赤潮发现数量和面积分别占全国的17.3%和6.1%。2015—2018 年相对于2000—2004、2005—2009、2010—2014 年赤潮年均发现数量和面积有明显下降。赤潮发现月份和空间特征明显，5—6 月为高发期；宁德、福州、平潭、厦门、泉州海域是赤潮高发区；4 个时间段比较宁德和厦门海域年均发现赤潮数量下降明显，平潭海域略微下降，泉州海域增加。由甲藻门生物引发的赤潮数量、面积和损失均最高，诱发赤潮的生物类群存在南北差异，有毒赤潮占总赤潮数量的14.3%。根据提出的赤潮等级划分标准，福建近岸海域以小型赤潮为主。建议在宁德至平潭近岸海域、泉州近岸海域加强赤潮立体化监测系统的建设，5—6 月为监测的关键时期。 相似文献
2.
福建沿岸海域主要赤潮生物的生态学特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
福建沿岸海域是中国的赤潮多发海区之一.据统计,1962～2008年间,福建沿岸海域共发生赤潮180起以上,潜在的赤潮生物有124种,已经引发过赤潮的种类有27种.本文对中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）、角毛藻（Chaetocerosspp.）、夜光藻（Noctiluca scintillans）、东海原甲藻（Proro-centrum donghaiense）、米氏凯伦藻（Karenia mikimotoi）、裸甲藻（Gymnodinium spp.）和球形棕囊藻（Phaeocystis globosa）等福建沿岸海域主要赤潮生物的生态学特征和发生原因进行了分析和探讨,评述了福建沿岸海域赤潮发生的特点.福建沿岸海域引发赤潮频率最高的赤潮生物是夜光藻,米氏凯伦藻造成的水产养殖损失最大.其赤潮多发季节在春夏季的4～7月.其赤潮多发区主要分布在3个区域：宁德沿岸海域（以四礵列岛为中心）、厦门西港海域和平潭沿岸海域.对福建沿岸海域几种主要赤潮生物的研究表明,赤潮的发生与水温、盐度、气象、水动力、营养盐等环境条件密切相关. 相似文献
3.
文章通过收集《广东省海洋灾害公报》中2013—2022年的赤潮灾害数据,运用统计学方法对近10年广东省海域的赤潮灾害时空分布等基本特征进行综合分析,以期为赤潮灾害的预警、防治等工作提供参考依据。分析结果表明：时间分布上,近10年间广东省海域共发生赤潮95次,年平均9.5次,共发生面积3 624.76 km2,主要发生时间集中在1-4月,平均每次赤潮持续时间为8.8 d;空间分布上,赤潮发生次数最多的主要位于珠三角海域,赤潮面积发生最大的则位于粤西海域。引发赤潮的生物共有26种,其中硅藻门13种、甲藻门10种、定鞭藻门、黄藻门和原生动物门各1种,引发赤潮次数最多的是夜光藻和红色赤潮藻,引发赤潮面积最大的是球形棕囊藻,近年来引发赤潮的生物种类呈现多样化的趋势。 相似文献
4.
厦门西港浮游动物生态研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
本文根据１９９４年７月和１２月于厦门西港所获得的调查资料,分析了浮游动物的丰度及其季节和年际变化,讨论了浮游动物的物种和生态类群多样性,结果表明,７月浮游动物湿重生物量月均值约为１２月的２．５６倍,与历史资料相比,呈逐年趋势;７月和１２月在西港共记录浮游动物５５种和多种浮游幼体,它们分别隶属于５个生态类群,文中还分析了潮汐地浮游动物分布的影响。 相似文献
5.
由于近海水域生态环境因素的变化 ,赤潮生物常常侵袭到海水养殖池塘中 ,给养殖业造成严重威胁。根据多次处理海水养殖池塘受赤潮生物危害的经验 ,对赤潮的认识、常用赤潮治理药物的使用、赤潮生物大量形成后的处理方法作一些简要介绍。 相似文献
6.
Tidal effect on nutrient exchange in Xiangshan Bay, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Xiangshan Bay is an estuary in China which borders on the East China Sea. The circulation in the estuary is driven by tidal movement, residual current, the internal density distribution, and synoptic wind forcing; however, the last three are not the main dynamic factors affecting nutrient transport. Because the estuary tends to be eutrophic, a synoptic study was carried out to assess the influence of tidal movement on the nutrient distribution patterns within the estuary and to estimate the fluxes of nutrient transport between the estuary and the sea. Nitrate and ammonium are found to be exported from the estuarine water to the coastal water under usual tidal conditions, except for storm tides which result in large amounts being imported because of the extremely high concentrations in the coastal bottom water. Exports of phosphate and silicate are shown to be consistent during spring tides and neap tides in all seasons. However, the usual tidal regimes resulted in only minor nutrient exchange except during abnormal events. 相似文献
7.
浙江海岸侵蚀现象普遍存在。基岩海岸海蚀地貌发育,因其组成物质抗冲蚀能力强,岸线后退不明显;砂砾质海岸普遍发生侵蚀,尤其是无计划的人工挖沙,造成沙滩减小或消失;淤泥质海岸大多处于缓慢的淤涨状态,但由于自然条件的改变和人为作用的影响,某些岸段发生侵蚀,特别是受到台风暴潮的影响,岸线在短时间内出现大规模后退和滩面下蚀。侵蚀岸段主要见于杭州湾北岸澉浦至金丝娘桥岸段,杭州湾南岸临山至西三岸段及瓯江口北岸盘石至黄华岸段。淤泥质海岸后缘为滨海平原,组成物质为粘土质粉砂,抗冲蚀能力弱,为防止和减轻海岸侵蚀,沿岸建造各类海岸工程(海塘、丁坝、导堤等),提高防潮抗浪能力,在朝滩种植大米草,互花米草,消浪促淤明显。另外,在海岸开发活动中,应加强海岸侵蚀监测和综合管理。 相似文献
8.
秦皇岛近岸海域绿藻微观繁殖体的分布以及在绿潮形成中的作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2015年以来，秦皇岛近岸海域暴发了绿潮，对北戴河旅游区的环境和生态系统造成了严重影响。绿藻微观繁殖体在绿潮的形成过程中起到重要作用，主要包括孢子、配子、幼苗和营养片段。绿藻微观繁殖体作为绿潮的“种源”，其分布规律可以反映绿潮的“藻源”位置。本研究于2016年4-9月和2017年1月对秦皇岛近岸海域绿藻微观繁殖体的调查，探究了其分布规律以及生物量变化。结果显示，绿藻微观繁殖体主要分布在近岸海域，由近岸向远岸海域逐渐降低。绿藻微观繁殖体的数量在7、8月份最高，在冬季最低。受绿潮影响严重的海域微观繁殖体数量高于其它海域。秦皇岛近岸海域的绿藻微观繁殖体为该海域绿潮的种源，其分布规律表明秦皇岛近岸海域绿潮起源于本地。 相似文献
9.
Qiao Ling Yu Jie Li Ying Guo Haobing Zhen Yu Zhang Lingling Mi Tiezhu Zhang Fuchong Bao Zhenmin 《Ocean Science Journal》2019,54(3):375-392
Ocean Science Journal - Brown tides caused by Aureococcus anophagefferens have occurred frequently in the coastal waters of Qinhuangdao since 2009. The Changli coast is the area most strongly... 相似文献
10.
The effects of tidal currents (i.e., barotropic and internal tides) are important in the biogeochemistry of a coastal shelf sea. The high-frequency of currents and near-bottom temperatures collected in three consecutive southwest monsoon seasons (May, June, July and August of 2013 until 2015) is presented to reveal the role of the tidal currents to the temperature variability in the coastal shelf sea of the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia (ECPM), south of the South China Sea (SCS). The results of a spectral density and harmonic analysis demonstrate that the near-bottom temperature variability and the tidal currents are influenced by diurnal (O1 and K1) and semidiurnal (M2) tidal currents. The spectral density of residual currents (detided data) at 5, 10 and 16 m depth also shows significant peaks at the diurnal tidal frequency (K1) and small peaks at the semidiurnal tidal frequency (M2) indicating the existence of internal tides. The result of the horizontal kinetic energy (HKE) shows a strong intermittent energy of internal tides in the ECPM with the strongest energy is found at 16 m depth during a sporadic cooling event in June and July. A high horizontal cross-shore heat flux (16 m) also indicates strong intrusions of cooler water into the ECPM in June and July. During the short duration of cold pulse water observed in June and July, a cross-wavelet analysis also reveals the strong relationship between the near-bottom temperatures and the internal tidal currents at the diurnal tidal frequency. The intrusion of this cooler water is probably related to the monsoon-induced upwelling in June. It is loosely interpreted that the interaction between the strong barotropic tides and the steep slope in the central basin of the SCS under the stratified condition in southwest monsoon has generated these internal tides. The dissipation of internal tides from the slope area probably has driven the cold-upwelled water into the ECPM coastal shelf sea when the upwelling intensity is the highest in June and July. 相似文献
11.
文章收集整理2010—2020年发生在宁德近岸海域的赤潮事件,综合分析该海域赤潮的时空分布和种类特征,结果表明:①近11年来宁德近岸海域共发生赤潮16起,年均1.5起;总面积高达1 468 km2,年均133.5 km2;持续时间共169天,年均15.4天。②从月份上看,赤潮发生在4—6月,高发期为5月。③发生赤潮的种类共有3种甲藻和1种硅藻,其中发生次数、面积和持续天数最高的均为东海原甲藻,其次为米氏凯伦藻,最低为中肋骨条藻。④从空间分布上来看,福宁湾及其周边海域（A区）赤潮次数和持续天数最长,三沙湾外海域（D区）赤潮面积最大,三沙湾内海域（C区）的赤潮种类最多。⑤米氏凯伦藻引发的有毒赤潮共4次,主要集中在霞浦近岸海域。适宜的温度、盐度、丰富的营养盐和良好的天气是米氏凯伦藻形成赤潮的前提条件。 相似文献
12.
我国沙尘暴与赤潮的相关性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
总结了近十几年来我国北方沙尘暴和近海赤潮的危害和发生趋势 ,并对两者间的相关性做了初步分析。结果显示 :我国东海和南海赤潮的发生受沙尘暴的影响很小 ,而黄海和渤海赤潮的发生与北方的沙尘暴有一定的相关性。要正确估价沙尘暴对海洋生态系 (包括赤潮 )的影响 ,必须对沙尘暴的迁移规律、入海通量以及沙尘暴粒子在海洋中的物化反应做详细的调查和研究。 相似文献
13.
《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(1):219-253
Upwelling regions are the most complex habitats in which dinoflagellates produce red tides, but the flora is not unique. Many species also bloom in nutrient-enriched, non-upwelling systems, share the collective dinoflagellate trait of low-nutrient affinity, and can achieve relatively fast growth rates. Blooms occur over the range of nutrient – mixing – advection combinations found in upwelling habitats, rather than being restricted to the high-nutrient high-irradiance low-turbulence conditions posited by Margalef's classical Mandala and its Bowman et al. and Pingree versions. The bloom species are primarily ruderal strategists (R-species), which typify "mixing – drift" life-forms adapted to the velocities associated with frontal zones, entrainment within coastal currents, and vertical mixing during upwelling relaxations. Collectively, dinoflagellates appear capable of surviving fairly high turbulence spectra formed at representative Kolmogorov length scale – wind speed conditions. This biophysical protection might be the result of cell size-facilitated entrainment within the micro-eddies formed during turbulent energy dissipation. The swimming speeds of 71 clones of dinoflagellates are compared and related to reported rates of vertical motion in coastal upwelling systems. There are slow and fast swimmers; many exhibit motility rates that can exceed representative in situ vertical and horizontal water mass movements. At least four dinoflagellates from upwelling systems form chains leading to increased swimming speeds, and may be an adaptation for growth in coastal upwelling habitats. Red tides are frequent and fundamental features of upwelling systems, particularly during intermittent upwelling relaxations, rather than dichotomous (sometimes catastrophic) interruptions of the diatom blooms characteristically induced by upwelling. Successional sequences and the "red tide" zone may differ between upwelling and non-upwelling systems. In the latter, red tides diverge from the main sequence and are appropriately positioned in the Mandala's ecological space of high nutrients and low turbulence. An amended Mandala based on Pingree's S-kh model and the Smayda and Reynolds life-form model is presented to accommodate the range of red tide development and their successional routing found in coastal upwelling systems. Ecophysiological data support the Pitcher and Boyd seeding mechanism model, which can lead to red tides in upwelling systems. Nutrients, phyto-stimulation and grazing pressure as triggering factors in upwelling-system red tides are considered. Some red tides may be stimulated by nutrients and growth promoting factors excreted by migrating shoals and "boils" of c1upeoid stocks, with selective zooplankton grazing contributory. Substantial collapses in grazing pressure may be essential in anoxic red tide events. The mass mortalities that accompany anoxia, common to the Benguela and Peru upwelling systems, may be a trophic control mechanism to maintain biogeochemical balance and regional homeostasis, which are vital to upwelling ecosystem dynamics. Some traditional concepts of phytoplankton ecology may not completely apply to dinoflagellate bloom events in coastal upwelling systems. 相似文献
14.
ＭｏｄｅｌｌｉｎｇｏｆｔｈｅｂａｒｏｔｒｏｐｉｃｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓｉｎｔｈｅＢｏｈａｉＳｅａ￥ＨｕａｎｇＤａｊｉ；ＣｈｅｎＺｏｎｇｙｏｎｇａｎｄＳｕＪｉｌａｎ（ＳｅｃｏｎｄＩｎｇｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＯｃｅａｎｏｇｒａｐｈｙ，ＳｔａｔｅＯｃｅａｎｉｃＡｄｍ... 相似文献
15.
The coast of Jiangsu Province in China – where Ulva prolifera has always been firstly spotted before developing into green tides – is uniquely characterized by a huge intertidal radial mudflat. Results showed that: (1) propagules of U. prolifera have been consistently present in seawater and sediments of this mudflat and varied with locations and seasons; (2) over 50,000 tons of fermented chicken manure have been applied annually from March to May in coastal animal aquaculture ponds and thereafter the waste water has been discharged into the radial mudflat intensifying eutrophication; and (3) free-floating U. prolifera could be stranded in any floating infrastructures in coastal waters including large scale Porphyra farming rafts. For a truly integrated management of the coastal zone, reduction in nutrient inputs, and control of the effluents of the coastal pond systems, are needed to control eutrophication and prevent green tides in the future. 相似文献
16.
Li Yan-ting Zeng Cheng-jie Yi-han Zhao Hu Po Sun Tian-ting Hou Yi-jun Mo Dong-xue Wang Deng-ting 《中国海洋工程》2022,36(3):413-426
Storm surges are cataclysmic natural disasters that occur along the coasts and are usually accompanied by large waves. The effects of coupled storm surges and waves can pose a significant threat to coastal security. Previous laboratory studies on the effects of storm surges and waves on coastal structures have typically utilized steady water levels and constant wave elements. An indoor simulation of the coupled processes of tides and waves is developed by adding a tide generation system to an existing laboratory wave basin to model continuous dynamic tide levels so that tide generation and wave-making occur synchronously in the pool. Specific experimental methods are given, which are applied to further study waves overtopping on artificial sea dikes and coastal flooding evolution under the coupled actions of tides and waves. The results of the overtopping discharge obtained by the test with a dynamic water level are compared with those obtained from steady water level tests and the existing empirical formula. In addition, the impacts of ecological coastal shelterbelts and structures on coastal flood processes and distributions are also investigated. The proposed simulation methods provide a new approach for studying the effects of storm surges and waves on coastal areas. The study also aims to provide a reference for coastal protective engineering.
相似文献17.
Hongbin Han Yan Li Xiaojun Ma Wei Song Zongling Wang Mingzhu Fu Xuelei Zhang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(11):108-114
Since 2015, green tides with Ulva prolifera as the dominant species in the Qinhuangdao coastal waters have continued to occur. In this study, the relationship between green tides in Qinhuangdao and the Yellow Sea (setting sites in Rudong and Qingdao) was evaluated by genetic analyses of U. prolifera. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were used to analyze genetic diversity and genetic relationships among groups. Genetic differentiation was lower among floating U. prolifera populations in Rudong and Qingdao than in Qinhuangdao. The floating U. prolifera population had higher genetic diversity and polymorphism levels in Qingdao and Rudong than in Qinhuangdao. Physiological experiments showed that the growth rate and net buoyancy of floating U. prolifera were highest in Qinhuangdao and Qingdao, respectively, under the same environmental conditions (temperature and light). Overall, these findings showed that U. prolifera populations in the Qinhuangdao and Yellow Sea green tides (Rudong and Qingdao) differ significantly at the molecular and physiological levels. Therefore, the Qinhuangdao green tide is not correlated with the Yellow Sea green tide and has a different origin and development mode. This study provides insight into the mechanism underlying green tide blooms in coastal waters of China. 相似文献
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19.
内潮耗散与自吸-负荷潮对南海潮波影响的数值研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用非结构三角形网格的FVCOM海洋数值模式,在其传统二维潮波方程中加入参数化的内潮耗散项和自吸-负荷潮项,计算了南海及其周边海域的M_2、S_2、K_1和O_1分潮的分布。与实测值的比较表明,引入这两项对模拟准确度的提高有明显效果。根据模式结果本文计算分析了研究海域的潮能输入和耗散。能量输入计算表明,能通量是潮能输入的最主要构成部分,通过吕宋海峡断面进入南海的M_2和K_1分潮能通量分别为38和29GW;半日周期的自吸-负荷潮能量输入以负值居多,而全日周期的自吸-负荷潮能量输入以正值居多,因而自吸-负荷潮减弱了南海的半日潮,并加强了南海的全日潮。引潮力的作用也减弱了半日潮而加强了全日潮,但其作用要小于自吸-负荷潮。潮能耗散的分析显示底摩擦耗散在沿岸浅水区域起主导作用,内潮耗散则主要发生在深水区域。内潮耗散的最大值出现在吕宋海峡,且位于南海之外的海峡东部的耗散量大于位于南海之内的海峡西部的耗散量。对M_2和K_1分潮吕宋海峡的内潮耗散总值分别达到16和23GW。 相似文献
20.
黄海浒苔绿潮及其溯源研究进展 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
2007-2012年,黄海连续6a暴发了大规模绿潮。分析了过去5a国内外对黄海绿潮以及绿潮形成种浒苔的研究进展,并总结了对黄海绿潮浒苔溯源的主要观点。结合国内外对绿潮浒苔生物学研究结果,深入分析了大规模黄海绿潮暴发的关键要素(绿潮形成种、近海海水富营养化和其它海洋环境因子)以及生物生态学机制,根据已知的结果推演黄海绿潮全年发生发展过程。据此,认为黄海绿潮大暴发与江苏省近岸海域海水富营养化密切相关,辐射沙洲的浒苔微观繁殖体(孢子、配子及其不同发育程度的显微个体)在绿潮暴发过程中扮演重要角色。 相似文献