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1.
本文基于实测温盐数据等资料，利用水团的浓度混合分析等方法，揭示了热带中东太平洋海域10°N断面的水团构成自上而下分别为东部赤道–热带水团、北太平洋中央水团、加利福尼亚流系水团、南太平洋中央水团、太平洋亚北极水团和太平洋深层水团。分析发现，受热带辐合带影响，9°～10°N海域常年持续的正风应力旋度诱发上升流出现，北太平洋中央水团、加利福尼亚流系水团、南太平洋中央水团和太平洋亚北极水团4个通风潜沉水团经向运动至该纬度带时被抽吸至次表层和中层，并散布在不同深度。以往研究仅指出上述4个水团在海表通风形成后将潜沉并向赤道方向运动，本研究进一步阐明了4个水团潜沉后向热带海域运动的动力机制及其在热带中东太平洋10°N断面的散布深度。研究成果揭示了热带中东太平洋水团与北太平洋副热带、亚极地和南太平洋副热带海区中上层水团间的循环过程，对认识北太平洋高–中–低纬度间物质和能量的交换和再分配具有重要科学价值。 相似文献
2.
为了评估美国地球物理流体动力学实验室(GFDL)模式模拟海洋通风的能力,利用GFDL的物理气候系统模式和地球系统模式(GFDL-ESM2G、GFDL-ESM2M、GFDL-CM3)模拟海洋中CFC-11(一氟三氯甲烷,CCl3F)的资料,对CFC-11的海面浓度分布、单位面积水柱总量、全球总物质的量、最大穿透深度以及在大西洋、太平洋、南大洋的垂直剖面的特征进行了分析。本文将GFDL模拟结果与盐度、海温、CFC-11的观测资料比较,得到了如下重要结论:GFDL模式模拟的CFC-11海面高值中心集中在高纬度,如北大西洋、西北太平洋,但是在南大洋罗斯海、威德尔海模拟结果比观测值低了1.5 pmol·kg~(-1),这是CFC-11的溶解度与海面温度成负相关造成的,即随海面温度升高,CFC-11的溶解度降低; GFDL模拟的全球海洋中CFC-11总物质的量都比观测值高,尤其是CM3的模拟结果比观测高22.9%,GFDL模式平均值高于观测15.6%。通过对北太平洋46°N、北大西洋24°N和南大洋65°S的纬向断面的分析表明,目前GFDL模式在模拟一些重要水团时还有一定的改进空间,比如GFDL在24°N断面1 000 m以下模拟CFC-11浓度极大值位置过深。 相似文献
3.
基于PHC3.0极地科学中心水文气候数据集(简称PHC3.0数据集)的温度和盐度资料,使用聚类分析和Bayes判别分析的方法,对北纬70°以北海域的水团结构进行了分析,在北冰洋区域划分出4个水团:北冰洋表层水(ASW)、大西洋中层水(AIW)、太平洋水(PW)和北冰洋深层水(ADW)。北冰洋表层水(ASW)遍布于欧亚海盆和加拿大海盆,以低温低盐为特征。大西洋中层水(AIW)位于约200～900m深度,在北冰洋环极边界流的作用下,其影响可达到加拿大海盆。太平洋水(PW)受经白令海峡进入北冰洋的海水影响,相对高温低盐,夏季时影响显著。北冰洋深层水(ADW)在海盆中相当均匀,几乎没有季节变化,盐度约在34.95psu,温度在加拿大海盆约为-0.3℃,欧亚海盆约为-0.7℃。 相似文献
4.
北冰洋浮游生物空间分布及其季节变化的模拟 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
低营养级浮游生物生态动力过程对环境变化的响应非常敏感。随着全球气候变化加剧，北冰洋正在经历快速的环境变化。厘清北冰洋低营养级浮游生物季节分布与变化特征是探究北冰洋生态系统对环境快速变化响应的前提，也是评估北极海区固碳能力的重要依据。基于此，本文构建了海洋–海冰–生物地球化学循环模型，并对北冰洋叶绿素浓度以及浮游生物结构的时空变化特征进行了模拟，结果表明:(1)北冰洋表层叶绿素浓度的峰值主要出现在5月，且太平洋一侧叶绿素浓度高于大西洋一侧；随着海水层化，表层受营养盐限制的海区呈现次表层叶绿素浓度最大值现象，且由陆架向海盆，次表层叶绿素浓度最大值层逐渐加深；9月，叶绿素浓度高值重回水体上层，太平洋一侧海区表层叶绿素浓度呈现较为明显的次峰值。(2)由于太平洋和大西洋入流营养盐浓度及结构的不同，北冰洋表层浮游生物群落结构存在明显空间差异。太平洋一侧，硅藻和中型浮游动物占优，硅藻在5月和9月出现生物量峰值，微型浮游植物在3月、5月和6月维持相对较高生物量；而大西洋一侧，在早春－春末夏初－夏秋经历了微型浮游植物－硅藻－微型浮游植物的演替，总体而言，微型浮游植物和微型浮游动物占优。此外，两侧海区浮游动物浓度峰值相较浮游植物滞后约半月。 相似文献
5.
白令海峡首次张开和中美洲航道关闭是新生代晚期两个最重要的古地理和海洋事件。除了其区域生物地理效应外 ,这些事件改变了北太平洋和北大西洋航道的形态 ,对北半球大洋环流和气候产生了重要影响。白令海峡首次张开所产生的最引人注目的结果是软体动物在北太平洋、北冰洋和北大西洋之间的交流。这一事件被称为“横越北冰洋的交流” ,涉及２９５个软体动物种 ,其中源于太平洋的２６１个 ,源于大西洋—北冰洋的３４个。由于新第三纪晚期的这种交流 ,现今北冰洋软体动物的大部分源于北大西洋 ,尤其表现在北美北冰洋和西伯利亚东北部海岸 ,而大… 相似文献
6.
泛北冰洋海区存在水温升高、入流水增加、海冰面积和厚度减少等不同于其他大洋的环境变化,其浮游生态系统对全球变暖的响应逐渐受到重视。入流水为北冰洋陆架海和海盆带来的大西洋和太平洋的浮游生物种类无法成功繁殖建立本地种群。随着入流水流量的增加,外来浮游生物种类的分布区域向北扩展,促进了浮游生物跨洋输送。由于大西洋入流水流量较大,海盆区域太平洋种类和大西洋种类之间的分界线有向美亚海盆移动的倾向。海冰覆盖面积和厚度减少使得冰藻水华重要性下降,海区由底栖食物链为主转化为浮游食物链为主,造成浮游植物粒径结构变小,光合作用中脂肪/蛋白质比例、脂肪酸组成产物变化,并影响食物链结构和传递、有机物沉降,使水体原生动物的重要性增加;海冰变化引起的光环境变化会导致浮游动物的分布深度和昼夜垂直迁移幅度增加。泛北冰洋海区的浮游生物组成和食物网结构逐渐北方化,其中太平洋扇区正在太平洋化,大西洋扇区正在大西洋化。若持续发展,可能会导致北方浮游生态系统逐步侵占北冰洋浮游生态系统。泛北冰洋浮游生态系统的变化在不同的海区有不同的特点,中长期策略性的观测是必要的。国内外许多研究人员正对北极生态系统开展长期监测,以强化泛北冰洋海区浮游生态系统变化的研究。其中太平洋和大西洋入流水的路径是重点监测区域之一,在白令海、楚科奇海、波弗特海和美亚海盆区进行长期持久的船基调查有助于趋势性深入研究。 相似文献
7.
基于欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)的ERA_interim全球再分析数据集,利用客观算法识别和追踪温带气旋,分析了1979—2014年冬季(12月—次年2月)北太平洋(120°E~120°W,20°N~80°N)的温带气旋活动特征及其变化,探讨了冬季风暴路径与秋季北极海冰异常的关系。北太平洋温带气旋活动的气候态显示为自日本以东洋面至阿拉斯加湾北部的风暴路径。对30°N以北气旋活动频率异常的EOF分析显示其第一模态为太平洋气旋活动的南北向偶极子结构,表示风暴路径南北摆动的变化特征,且有向北偏移的趋势。第二模态的空间分布表现为40°N~60°N之间的大陆沿岸和太平洋洋面上呈相反的分布形势。时间系数的回归分析显示,冬季太平洋风暴路径的南北摆动与秋季(9—11月)东西伯利亚海-波弗特海海冰的异常显著相关。该海区秋季海冰减少导致冬季阿留申低压区呈高压异常,西风急流北移,45°N~75°N之间的大气斜压性增强而45°N以南大气斜压性减弱,从而使风暴路径向45°N以北偏移。 相似文献
8.
利用NASA的北极海冰密集度资料(分辨率1.0°×0.25°,时间1979.10-2002.8)对冬季(12-2月)鄂霍次克海到白令海(42°-66°N、131°-158°W)的海冰场进行EOF分解,得到特征向量的空间分布及时间系数.利用NCEP再分析月资料(分辨率2.5°×2.5°,时间1979-2002年),采用合成分析的方法,分别对该区域海冰分布第一特征向量时间系数超过+0.5和低于-0.5年份做冬季500hPa高度、l000hPa高度、1000hPa气温的合成距平场.分析结果表明该区域的海冰分布与北半球中高纬度的大气环流和气温有显著的关系,同一模态下的海冰分布反位相时对应的大气状况也有明显的相反趋势. 相似文献
9.
北极河流径流是北冰洋淡水的最大来源，其变化会对北冰洋中的诸多过程有重要影响。本文基于全球高分辨率海洋?海冰耦合模式的模拟结果，研究北冰洋温盐、海冰以及环流对北极河流径流的敏感性。通过对比有气候态北极河流径流输入的控制实验结果和径流完全关闭的敏感性实验结果，研究发现北极径流对北冰洋温度、盐度、海冰以及海洋环流等有显著的影响。关闭北极河流径流后，在河口附近的陆架上温度降低、盐度升高，且导致500 m深度处温度下降以及盐度升高；河口附近的陆架处，海冰密集度与海冰厚度增加。关闭北极河流径流也对北冰洋内的环流有影响:由于缺少来自欧亚大陆的北极径流的输入，穿极漂流与东格陵兰流流速减小且盐度增加；关闭北极径流导致近岸海表面高度降低，沿欧亚陆架的北冰洋边界流减弱，白令海入流增强。通过对比关闭北极径流实验与控制实验的温度和盐度剖面，发现关闭北极径流后大西洋层温度降低，各陆架海盐跃层的梯度减小，盐跃层厚度减小。 相似文献
10.
基于中国Argo实时资料中心发布的2004年1月至2017年12月Argo全球温盐资料,运用直线定位法和隶属关系,对吕宋岛以东海域(120°~140°E,10°~30°N)水团进行分析,划分出北太平洋次表层水团(NPSSW)和北太平洋中层水团(NPIW)的分布范围。次表层水团位于50~220 m深度,分布在10°~28°N范围内,温度16.61~27.60℃,盐度34.68~35.14,核心范围春夏季较大,秋冬季较小。中层水团位于280~900 m深度,分布在10~30°N范围内,温度3.67~16.55℃,盐度34.11~34.67,核心范围季节变化较弱,整体位于18°N以北。次表层与中层水团核心温盐具有一定的年际变化特征,次表层水团与气候变化相关性较好,核心温度和盐度均存在4 a的变化周期;而中层水团与气候变化相关性较差,核心温度和盐度则分别具有3.5 a和3 a的变化周期。 相似文献
11.
This paper is based on the data for the period from 1953 to 1977, which are the monthly averaged ice cover in the Arctic area within 160° E-110° W and north of 50?N, the areal index of the North Pacific subtropical high and the monthly averaged sea surface temperature of the North Pacific. A statistical analysis of the lag correlations between the polar ice from November to July and the sea surface temperature from January to July, and the sea surface temperature from January to July and the subtropical high lagging zero through eleven months is performed.The analysis shows that the lag correlation regions between the polar ice during spring and the sea surface temperature almost coincide with the regions of the California Current and the paitial north equatorial current, and the regions of the California Current and the partial north equatorial current coincide with the principal lag correlation regions between the sea surface temperature and the subtropical high. All the results suggest that the tra 相似文献
12.
Freshwater transport estimates and the global overturning circulation: Shallow, deep and throughflow components 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Lynne D. Talley 《Progress in Oceanography》2008,78(4):257-303
Meridional ocean freshwater transports and convergences are calculated from absolute geostrophic velocities and Ekman transports. The freshwater transports are analyzed in terms of mass-balanced contributions from the shallow, ventilated circulation of the subtropical gyres, intermediate and deep water overturns, and Indonesian Throughflow and Bering Strait components. The following are the major conclusions:
- 1.
- Excess freshwater in high latitudes must be transported to the evaporative lower latitudes, as is well known. The calculations here show that the northern hemisphere transports most of its high latitude freshwater equatorward through North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation (as in [Rahmstorf, S., 1996. On the freshwater forcing and transport of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation. Climate Dynamics 12, 799-811]), in which saline subtropical surface waters absorb the freshened Arctic and subpolar North Atlantic surface waters (0.45 ± 0.15 Sv for a 15 Sv overturn), plus a small contribution from the high latitude North Pacific through Bering Strait (0.06 ± 0.02 Sv). In the North Pacific, formation of 2.4 Sv of North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) transports 0.07 ± 0.02 Sv of freshwater equatorward.In complete contrast, almost all of the 0.61 ± 0.13 Sv of freshwater gained in the Southern Ocean is transported equatorward in the upper ocean, in roughly equal magnitudes of about 0.2 Sv each in the three subtropical gyres, with a smaller contribution of <0.1 Sv from the Indonesian Throughflow loop through the Southern Ocean. The large Southern Ocean deep water formation (27 Sv) exports almost no freshwater (0.01 ± 0.03 Sv) or actually imports freshwater if deep overturns in each ocean are considered separately (−0.06 ± 0.04 Sv).This northern-southern hemisphere asymmetry is likely a consequence of the “Drake Passage” effect, which limits the southward transport of warm, saline surface waters into the Antarctic [Toggweiler, J.R., Samuels, B., 1995a. Effect of Drake Passage on the global thermohaline circulation. Deep-Sea Research I 42(4), 477-500]. The salinity contrast between the deep Atlantic, Pacific and Indian source waters and the denser new Antarctic waters is limited by their small temperature contrast, resulting in small freshwater transports. No such constraint applies to NADW formation, which draws on warm, saline subtropical surface waters .
- 2.
- The Atlantic/Arctic and Indian Oceans are net evaporative basins, hence import freshwater via ocean circulation. For the Atlantic/Arctic north of 32°S, freshwater import (0.28 ± 0.04 Sv) comes from the Pacific through Bering Strait (0.06 ± 0.02 Sv), from the Southern Ocean via the shallow gyre circulation (0.20 ± 0.02 Sv), and from three nearly canceling conversions to the NADW layer (0.02 ± 0.02 Sv): from saline Benguela Current surface water (−0.05 ± 0.01 Sv), fresh AAIW (0.06 ± 0.01 Sv) and fresh AABW/LCDW (0.01 ± 0.01 Sv). Thus, the NADW freshwater balance is nearly closed within the Atlantic/Arctic Ocean and the freshwater transport associated with export of NADW to the Southern Ocean is only a small component of the Atlantic freshwater budget.For the Indian Ocean north of 32°S, import of the required 0.37 ± 0.10 Sv of freshwater comes from the Pacific through the Indonesian Throughflow (0.23 ± 0.05 Sv) and the Southern Ocean via the shallow gyre circulation (0.18 ± 0.02 Sv), with a small export southward due to freshening of bottom waters as they upwell into deep and intermediate waters (−0.04 ± 0.03 Sv).The Pacific north of 28°S is essentially neutral with respect to freshwater, −0.04 ± 0.09 Sv. This is the nearly balancing sum of export to the Atlantic through Bering Strait (−0.07 ± 0.02 Sv), export to the Indian through the Indonesian Throughflow (−0.17 ± 0.05 Sv), a negligible export due to freshening of upwelled bottom waters (−0.03 ± 0.03 Sv), and import of 0.23 ± 0.04 Sv from the Southern Ocean via the shallow gyre circulation.
- 3.
- Bering Strait’ssmall freshwater transport of <0.1 Sv helps maintains the Atlantic-Pacific salinity difference. However, proportionally large variations in the small Bering Strait transport would only marginally impact NADW salinity, whose freshening relative to saline surface water is mainly due to air-sea/runoff fluxes in the subpolar North Atlantic and Arctic. In contrast, in the Pacific, because the total overturning rate is much smaller than in the Atlantic, Bering Strait freshwater export has proportionally much greater impact on North Pacific salinity balances, including NPIW salinity.
13.
The meridional heat transport in the ocean is computed according to the data of zonal sections of the World Ocean Circulation
Experiment made in the North Atlantic in 1992–1998. We perform the generalized analysis of the estimates of meridional heat
transport obtained by different authors by direct methods on the basis of the data of sections made between 7.5 and 48°N in
the second half of the last century. The meridional heat transport averaged over the entire period of observations attains
its maximum (1.38 ± 0.19 PW) in the Subtropical Atlantic. The meridional heat transport is characterized by fairly intense
seasonal variability. Its maximum (about 1.9 PW) is observed in the Subtropical Atlantic at the end of summer and its minimum
(about 0.8 PW) is attained at the end of winter. A significant trend toward the intensification of meridional heat transport
is revealed near 36°N in 1959–1993 (from 0.75 to 1.1 PW). This is an indication of the intensification of meridional oceanic
circulation in the North Atlantic.
Dedicated to the 75th birthday of N. A. Timofeev, Honored Scientist of the Ukraine, Doctor of Geographical Sciences
__________
Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 1, pp. 45–58, January–February, 2007. 相似文献
14.
Dorothea Bauch Michiel Rutgers van der Loeff Nils Andersen Sinhue Torres-Valdes Karel Bakker E. Povl Abrahamsen 《Progress in Oceanography》2011,91(4):482-495
Extremely low summer sea-ice coverage in the Arctic Ocean in 2007 allowed extensive sampling and a wide quasi-synoptic hydrographic and δ18O dataset could be collected in the Eurasian Basin and the Makarov Basin up to the Alpha Ridge and the East Siberian continental margin. With the aim of determining the origin of freshwater in the halocline, fractions of river water and sea-ice meltwater in the upper 150 m were quantified by a combination of salinity and δ18O in the Eurasian Basin. Two methods, applying the preformed phosphate concentration (PO*) and the nitrate-to-phosphate ratio (N/P), were compared to further differentiate the marine fraction into Atlantic and Pacific-derived contributions. While PO*-based assessments systematically underestimate the contribution of Pacific-derived waters, N/P-based calculations overestimate Pacific-derived waters within the Transpolar Drift due to denitrification in bottom sediments at the Laptev Sea continental margin.Within the Eurasian Basin a west to east oriented front between net melting and production of sea-ice is observed. Outside the Atlantic regime dominated by net sea-ice melting, a pronounced layer influenced by brines released during sea-ice formation is present at about 30–50 m water depth with a maximum over the Lomonosov Ridge. The geographically distinct definition of this maximum demonstrates the rapid release and transport of signals from the shelf regions in discrete pulses within the Transpolar Drift.The ratio of sea-ice derived brine influence and river water is roughly constant within each layer of the Arctic Ocean halocline. The correlation between brine influence and river water reveals two clusters that can be assigned to the two main mechanisms of sea-ice formation within the Arctic Ocean. Over the open ocean or in polynyas at the continental slope where relatively small amounts of river water are found, sea-ice formation results in a linear correlation between brine influence and river water at salinities of about 32–34. In coastal polynyas in the shallow regions of the Laptev Sea and southern Kara Sea, sea-ice formation transports river water into the shelf’s bottom layer due to the close proximity to the river mouths. This process therefore results in waters that form a second linear correlation between brine influence and river water at salinities of about 30–32. Our study indicates which layers of the Arctic Ocean halocline are primarily influenced by sea-ice formation in coastal polynyas and which layers are primarily influenced by sea-ice formation over the open ocean. Accordingly we use the ratio of sea-ice derived brine influence and river water to link the maximum in brine influence within the Transpolar Drift with a pulse of shelf waters from the Laptev Sea that was likely released in summer 2005. 相似文献
15.
A combination of δ~(18)O and salinity data was employed to explore the freshwater balance in the Canada Basin in summer 2008.The Arctic river water and Pacific river water were quantitatively distinguished by using different saline end-members.The fractions of total river water,including the Arctic and Pacific river water,were high in the upper 50 m and decreased with depth as well as increasing latitude.In contrast,the fraction of Pacific river water increased gradually with depth but decreased toward north.The inventory of total river water in the Canada Basin was higher than other arctic seas,indicating that Canada Basin was a main storage region for river water in the Arctic Ocean.The fraction of Arctic river water was higher than Pacific river water in the upper 50 m while the opposite was true below 50 m.As a result,the inventories of Pacific river water were higher than those of Arctic river water,demonstrating that the Pacific inflow through the Bering Strait is the main source of freshwater in the Canada Basin.Both the river water and sea-ice melted water in the permanent ice zone were more abundant than those in the region with sea-ice just melted.The fractions of total river water,Arctic river water,Pacific river water increased northward to the north of 82°N,indicating an additional source of river water in the permanent ice zone of the northern Canada Basin.A possible reason for the extra river water in the permanent ice zone is the lateral advection of shelf waters by the Trans-Polar Drift.The penetration depth of sea-ice melted waters was less than 30 m in the southern Canada Basin,while it extended to 125 m in the northern Canada Basin.The inventory of seaice melted water suggested that sea-ice melted waters were also accumulated in the permanent ice zone,attributing to the trap of earlier melted waters in the permanent ice zone via the Beaufort Gyre. 相似文献
16.
通过海气耦合模式CCSM3(The Community Climate System Model version 3),研究在北大西洋高纬度淡水强迫下,北太平洋冬季的海表温度SST、风场及流场的响应及其区域性差异。结果表明:淡水的注入使北太平洋整体变冷,但有部分区域异常增暖;在太平洋东部赤道两侧,SST的变化出现北负南正的偶极子型分布。阿留申低压北移的同时中纬度西风减弱,热带附近东北信风增强。黑潮和南赤道流减弱,北太平洋副热带逆流和北赤道流增强,日本海被南向流控制。风场及流场的改变共同导致了北太平洋SST异常出现复杂的空间差异:北太平洋中高纬度SST的降温主要由大气过程决定,海洋动力过程主要影响黑潮、日本海及副热带逆流区域的SST,太平洋热带地区SST异常由大气与海洋共同主导。 相似文献
17.
Interannual-to-decadal variations in the subtropical countercurrent (STCC) and low potential vorticity (PV) water and their
relations in the North Pacific Ocean are investigated on the basis of a 60-year-long hindcast integration of an eddy-resolving
ocean general circulation model. Although vertically coherent variations are dominant for STCC interannual variability, a
correlation analysis shows that an intensified STCC vertical shear accompanies lower PV than usual to the north on 25.5- to
26.1-σθ isopycnal surfaces, and intensified meridional density gradient in subsurface layers, consistent with Kubokawa’s theory (J
Phys Oceanogr 29:1314–1333, 1999). The low-PV signals appear at least 2 years before peaks of STCC, propagating southwestward from the subduction region. 相似文献
18.
本文利用大洋环流模式POP研究RCP4.5情景下21世纪格陵兰冰川不同的融化速率对全球及区域海平面变化的影响。结果显示:当格陵兰冰川的融化速率以每年1%增加时,全球大部分海域的动力和比容海平面变化基本不变,主要是由于格陵兰冰川在低速融化时并不会导致大西洋经向翻转流减弱。当格陵兰冰川的融化速率以每年3%和每年7%增加时,动力海平面在北大西洋副极地、大西洋热带、南大西洋副热带和北冰洋海域呈现出显著的上升趋势,这是因为格陵兰冰川快速融化导致大量的淡水输入附近海域,造成该上层海洋层化加强和深对流减弱,导致大西洋经向翻转流显著减弱;与此同时,热比容海平面在北冰洋、格陵兰岛南部海域和大西洋副热带海域显著下降,而在热带大西洋和湾流海域明显上升;此时盐比容海平面的变化与热比容海平面是反相的,这是由于大量的低温低盐水的输入,造成北大西洋副极地海域变冷变淡、大西洋经向翻转流和热盐环流显著减弱,引起了太平洋向北冰洋的热通量和淡水通量减少,导致了北冰洋海水变冷变淡,同时热带大西洋滞留了更多的高温高盐水,随着湾流被带到北大西洋,北大西洋副极地海域低温低盐的海水,被风生环流输运到副热带海域。 相似文献
19.
基于Argo浮标和历史资料的热带西太平洋次表层与中层水年代变化分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用20世纪80年代和90年代WOD01(World Ocean Database2001)中的CTD温盐剖面资料和2000年以后Argo资料,对比分析了热带西太平洋次表层和中层水团分布的年代变化特征。分析结果表明,在这两个时期,起源于南北太平洋中高纬度海域的各次表层水和中层水,在热带西太平洋分布特征和交织在一起的总体态势基本一致,水团性质的年代变化不大。这与上述两个时段全球海洋-大气耦合系统趋于正常状态相吻合。通过辨识和跟踪表征次表层水性质的盐度极大值,发现南太平洋热带水沿西边界向北扩散程度有所加大,由前一时期的5°N,进一步扩散到6°~7°N;北太平洋热带水在西边界附近的向南扩散程度有所削弱,在2002-2005年间只向南扩散到4°N,而前一个时期则可向南扩散到2°N。通过辨识表征中层水性质的盐度极小值,南极中层水在西边界附近向北扩散程度有所加大,在2002-2005年到达13°N附近,而前一个时期只到达11°N;同期,北太平洋中层水在西边界附近的向南扩散程度有所削弱。上述年代变化与全球水循环强度的变化之间有何关系有待进一步研究。 相似文献
20.
Climate teleconnections at monthly time scales in the Ligurian Sea inferred from satellite data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The existence and spatial distribution of possible teleconnections between the South Pacific and North Atlantic oceans and the Ligurian Sea (North-western Mediterranean) are investigated in the present paper. Teleconnections are searched by cross-correlating monthly spatio-temporal time series of 1.1 km resolution sea surface temperature (SST), and a 22.2 km resolution sea level anomaly (SLA), measured from satellite from March 1993 to August 1999, with two indices characterising the South Pacific and the North Atlantic variability: the Southern Oscillation (SO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) indices, respectively. Concerning the variability induced by the North Atlantic Ocean, it is shown that it mostly influences the SLA field in the Ligurian Sea. Specifically, relevant anti-correlations between SLA and North Atlantic variability have been found in all the Ligurian sub-basin. As expected by geographical proximity, the effects of North Atlantic on the SLA field in the Ligurian Sea are instantaneous at monthly time scales. Instead, correlations between SST and NAO Index are found at time lag τ = 1 month in the southern part of the basin highlighting the memory of the ocean related to their heat capacity. Significant anti-correlations between SO Index and the SST field in the Ligurian Sea, were obtained at time lag τ = 4 months in the coastal areas of the sub-basin. Results also indicate that the impact of teleconnections in the area studied is not geographically uniform. 相似文献