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1.
台州湾海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃的浓度水平、富集规律及来源 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
研究了台州湾海域海水和表层沉积物中15种多环芳烃(PAHs) 的浓度水平,评价了表层沉积物对多环芳烃的富集规律,探讨其可能来源.结果表明,表层沉积物中 PAHs 的浓度范围为85.4～167.6 ng / g,平均值为138.62 ng/g,总多环芳烃的最大值是椒江码头.表层沉积物中二环、三环、四环、五环和六环多环芳烃占总多环芳烃的百分含量平均值分别为7.8 %,42.1 %,33.3 %,9.6 % 和 7.2 %,三环多环芳烃的含量最高;表层沉积物对多环芳烃的富集系数为 532.7～1 068.9,平均值为 807.5,单组分菲的富集系数最高为 122.7,最小的是苯并(a) 芘为 2.7;台州湾表层沉积物中的多环芳烃主要来源于燃煤污染,部分来源于石油烃类物质的直接污染. 相似文献
2.
通过对渤海湾中部海域19个站位表层沉积物样品中检测出的13种优控多环芳烃(EPAs)进行同分异构体、甲基菲、GC—MS定量等分析,探讨了研究区沉积物中多环芳烃分布特征、输入来源和污染水平,结果表明,研究区表层沉积物中多环芳烃总含量为2.1~374.8ng/g,平均值为33.1ng/g,多环芳烃总含量呈现出由近岸区向深海区递减的趋势,除最高值BG-60站位外,研究区与其他地区相比污染水平为中—低;化合物组成上以3~4环为主,5~6环次之,从多环芳烃组成以及异构体和甲基菲比值分析表明,研究区沉积物中PAHs以燃烧来源为主,石油类产品和石油化工燃料燃烧贡献最大,煤、木材燃烧贡献次之;高含量的菲和4个高成熟度异常点证实石油烃PAHs污染客观存在。 相似文献
3.
中国北部辽东湾表层沉积物中PAHs源解析和生态风险评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ZHANG Yufeng WU Jinhao SONG Lun SONG Yonggang YANG Meng WANG Nianbin HAN Jiabo GUAN Daoming 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(4):12-21
研究于2014年和2015年对辽东湾表层沉积物中16种多环芳烃（PAHs）的来源和生态风险状况进行了调查和评估。辽东湾表层沉积物中16种PAHs的含量范围为88.5-347 ng/g，高值区主要分布在辽东湾中部海域。对辽东湾各站位沉积物中多环芳烃的含量进行中聚类分析结果表明，辽东湾的采样站位可分为两类，一类站位主要分布在辽东湾沉积物中部海域，另一类站位主要分布在受陆源污染较为严重的近岸海域。辽东湾表层沉积物中PAHs的来源为燃烧源和石油源的混合来源，其中燃烧源为主要来源。萘、苊、苊烯、菲、二苯并[a,h]蒽可能偶尔会引发有害生物效应；辽东湾表层沉积物为低致癌风险；辽东湾中部海域表层沉积物中PAHs的生态风险和毒性污染水平高于辽东湾近岸海域。 相似文献
4.
为评估绿色石化项目运营前后的环境变化，于2018—2021年连续4年对项目所在地鱼山岛邻近海域的表层沉积物多环芳烃(PAHs)进行了调查。结果表明，PAHs含量为16.9～178.0μg·kg-1,平均值为75.9±24.0～102.6±41.4μg·kg-1,4年来整体呈下降趋势，与国内其他海区相比，总体含量较低；各组分平均值为4环PAHs>5环PAHs>3环PAHs>6环PAHs>2环PAHs。调查海域表层沉积物以粉砂为主，PAHs的空间分布受到多种因素的综合影响。调查海域PAHs来源相对稳定，年际差异较小，主要来源于石油、木柴、煤炭等燃烧产物的远距离迁移。依据沉积物质量基准法评价，调查海域沉积物PAHs生态风险水平较低。绿色石化项目在建设期及投产期未引起邻近海域沉积物PAHs的增加，但随着项目持续运营，其对周边生态环境的影响需持续关注。 相似文献
5.
南黄海中部海水、间隙水和沉积物中多环芳烃的分布及源分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用液液萃取、固相微萃取及快速溶剂萃取法对2007年9月南黄海中部海洋环境调查采集的31个调查站位的表层、30 m层、底层海水及表层沉积物样品进行前处理,并采用气相色谱-质谱检测其中的多环芳烃(PAHs).结果显示:站位表层、30 m层和底层海水中总PAHs的质量浓度分别为37.77～233.39 ng·L-1,39.45～213.27 ng·L-1,15.76～202.55 ng·L-1;表层沉积物(干重)总PAHs的质量比为16.33～229.58 ng·g-1,间隙水和上覆水中总PAHs的质量浓度为11.98～386.66 ng·L-1.间隙水的总PAHs普遍高于上覆水的,而沉积物和间隙水中的大于表层、30 m层及底层海水中的.经特征PAHs组分分析判定南黄海中部海水中PAHs的来源主要为石油及其产品,而表层沉积物中PAHs的主要来源可能为高温燃烧后的矿物燃料残余物. 相似文献
6.
黄河三角洲北部湿地多环芳烃分布与来源 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对黄河三角洲北部湿地表层土壤中的多环芳烃（PAHs）进行定量分析，结果表明，袁层土壤中PAHs总量范围为27．43～128．97ng／g（干重），PAHs的空间分布总体呈西高东低的趋势。经过研究对比，认为表层土壤样品中的PAHs尚未对生物造成显著负面影响，并提出表层土壤PAHs污染主要来源于高温热解产物，仅有很小部分的石油类的污染。 相似文献
7.
厦门西海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃含量分布及生态风险评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2004年11月30日至12月1日连续两天采集厦门西海域10个站位表层沉积物样品,参照美国EPA标准方法及采用气相色谱与质谱联用(GC/MS)技术,对表层沉积物样品中的多环芳烃(PAHs)进行测定分析.结果表明,厦门西海域表层沉积物样品中16种PAHs的总含量为198.2-1061.6 ng·g-1,平均值为723.51 ng·g-1,能检出的PAHs均以2-4环的芳香物为主;10个站位中X1、X2、X3、X6及M2站位的PAHs主要来源于化石燃料的不完全燃烧,其他站位以石油泄漏为主要来源.对PAHs的生态风险评价结果表明,厦门西海域表层沉积物中PAHs的环境毒性相对较低,说明该海域表层沉积物中PAHs对生物的危害程度较轻. 相似文献
8.
《海洋地质前沿》2017,(8)
利用气相色谱/质谱方法对三沙湾表层沉积物中多氯联苯(PCBs)、多环芳烃(PAHs)和有机氯农药(OCPs)进行测定,结果表明,PCBs、PAHs和OCPs的含量均值分别为1.28、61.76和1.18ng/g。与早期研究结果相比,PCBs含量浓度明显降低,表明其污染已得到有效控制;PAHs中高分子量组分普遍存在,通过分析菲/蒽和荧蒽/芘比值,判断其主要来源为燃料的高温燃烧;HCHs和DDTs是主要的有机氯农药污染物,二者的残留特征表明其主要来源为早期历史残留,且表层沉积物受到厌氧微生物降解。总体而言,三沙湾表层沉积物中PCBs、PAHs和OCPs的污染程度及生态风险均处于较低水平。 相似文献
9.
2013年5月采集吕泗渔场海域15个站位的表层沉积物,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对样品中的多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)进行了测定,分析了该海域PAHs的分布特征及来源,并对其进行了生态风险评价。结果表明,吕泗渔场表层沉积物中优控的16种PAHs均有检出,PAHs的含量范围为31.5~109.6ng/g,平均值为54.5ng/g。PAHs的浓度整体上呈现由近岸到远海递减的趋势。与国内其他海区相比较,本研究区域的污染处于较低水平;通过特征组分比例确定吕泗渔场大部分站位表现为煤燃烧源、石油燃烧源的混合来源,LS13、LS14、LS15表现为以煤燃烧源为主的单一来源;生态风险评价显示,吕泗渔场表层沉积物中多环芳烃存在严重的生态风险的概率极小。 相似文献
10.
长江口及废黄河口海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃分布特征和生态风险评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2015年10月采集长江口及废黄河口51个沉积物样品,对沉积物中的多环芳烃(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,PAHs)的含量进行测定,探讨长江口及废黄河口海域表层沉积物中PAHs的分布组成、来源及潜在的生态风险评价。总PAHs的含量范围为4.23~292.39 ng/g,平均值含量为67.40 ng/g。研究区样品的PAHs含量呈现"北部低南部高"的空间分布特征,舟山群岛东部区域PAHs含量普遍偏高,长江口次之,废黄河口最低。与国内其他海区相比,研究区域PAHs总体处于中低等污染水平。运用统计分析和特征比值法对来源进行分析,研究区域沉积物中PAHs主要是以4环、5环为主,来源分析显示PAHs的主要来源为各类燃烧源及石油源的混合来源。根据效应区间低/中值法(ERL/ERM)评价结果显示,长江口及废黄河口海域的潜在生态风险很小,但对生态有一定的潜在威胁,也应该引起重视。 相似文献
11.
This study examined the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediments collected in July 2004 from eight stations in the Zhelin Bay, one of the most important bays for large-scale mariculture in Guangdong Province. Thirteen individual parent PAH compounds were identified using high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The overall average concentration of total PAHs was 477.0 ng/g, ranging from 146.1 to 928.8 ng/g. Low molecular mass PAHs with two to three rings (e.g., acenaphthene) were dominant in each sample. The PAH concentration varied among sampling stations, with the highest concentration observed at bay outlets and the lowest found at stations outside the bay. Ratios of low to high molecular mass PAHs and fluoranthene to pyrene were used to determine the origin of PAHs, and results indicated mainly petroleum-derived contamination. Compared with other bays and harbors around the world, the total concentrations of PAHs in surface sediments at the Zhelin Bay are moderate, but this does not exclude the possibility of potential impact on human consumers because some strong carcinogenic PAHs with high molecular mass were found at the station with a nearby caged-fish and oyster farm. Long-term monitoring of PAH contamination in the Zhelin Bay is recommended to reduce the potential toxicological effects on aquatic organisms and humans. 相似文献
12.
Seven stations were established in the Quanzhou Bay (24.73°-24.96°N, 118.50°-118.70°E) in China on three cruises to determine the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the numbers of PAH-degrading bacteria in surface sediments. Assessing the biodegradation poten- tial of indigenous microorganisms by measuring the respiratory intensity with the addition of PAHs in sediment samples was also one of the aims of this study. The results show that the total PAH concentrations of the sedimen... 相似文献
13.
东海表层水体中的多环芳烃及其沉积通量估算 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以东海陆架水体中溶解态多环芳烃(PAHs)含量为基础,引入颗粒相-水相间的物质吸附系数(Koc)计算悬浮颗粒物中PAHs有机碳归一化含量,结合陆架沉积物有机碳的年埋藏通量,估算东海陆架沉积物中PAHs沉积通量。结果显示:水体中溶解态的15种PAHs总含量为(701±392)ng/L,变化范围为412~1 032ng/L,PAHs组成以3环为主。计算得到的悬浮颗粒物中15种PAHs有机碳归一化含量为20~28μg/g,对应的PAHs沉积通量为150~210t/a。估算结果与实测沉积物中PAHs含量和沉积通量结果基本吻合,表明实验室模拟实验获取的化合物Koc值适用于东海颗粒相-水相间的分配模型,证实悬浮颗粒物有机碳含量在控制PAHs两相分布过程中起着重要作用。同时,该方法为海洋沉积物中PAHs沉积通量的估算提供一种新途径。 相似文献
14.
南大西洋沉积物中多环芳香化合物的组成特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
10 samples of sediments obtained from the South Mid-Atlantic Ridge were measured for the abundances and distributions of polycyclic aromatic compounds(PAHs). The total concentrations of PAHs(∑PAHs) ranged from 2.768 to 9.826 μg/g dry sediment. The ∑PAHs was higher in sample 22V-TVG10 and sample 26V-TVG05 which were close to hydrothermal fields, with the lowest value in sample 22V-TVG14 which was farthest from hydrothermal fields, suggesting a probable hydrothermal origin of ∑PAHs of samples. Approximately nine kinds of PAHs were identified, and low molecular mass tricyclic and tetracyclic aromatic compounds were predominant in the samples. The concentrations of fluoranthene which were typical as hydrothermal alteration compounds were the highest among PAHs with dry weight between 0.913–3.157 μg/g. The phenanthrene homologue was most abundant in the samples, and the ratios between parent phenanthrene and methylphenanthrene which probably reflected the degree of hydrothermal alteration ranged from 0.097 to 1.602. The sample 22V-TVG10 possessing a maximum ratio value showed the intense influence of the hydrothermal alteration on this sample, which might further imply that PAHs in sediments were mainly derived from the hydrothermal alteration. 相似文献
15.
Ying Wang Xing Liu Yi Cong Jin Fei Juying Wang Dian Zhang Liang Liu Jingli Mu Ziwei Yao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(12):95-105
Parent and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (alkyl-PAHs), which are a class of important toxic components of crude oil especially in the marine environment, exhibit adverse effects on aquatic life and potentially pose a human health risk. However, the lack of chronic toxicity data is one of the hindrances for alkyl-PAHs when assessing their ecological risks. In this study, predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) in seawater and marine sediment for ten parent- and alkyl-PAHs were derived by applying species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) and quantitative structure?activity relationships (QSARs). The local area, Dalian Bay, where an oil-spilled accident happened in 2010, was chosen as a case site to assess ecological risks for ten PAHs in surface seawaters and marine sediments. Their PNECs in seawater and sediment for protecting aquatic organisms in marine ecosystems were calculated and recommended in the range of 0.012?2.79 μg/L and 48.2?1337 ng/g (dry weight), respectively. Overall, the derived PNECs for the studied PAHs in seawater and marine sediment were comparable to those obtained by classical methods. Risk quotient results indicate low ecological risks to ecosystems for ten parent- and alkyl-PAHs in surface seawaters and surface sediments from the Dalian Bay. These findings provide a first insight into the PNECs and ecological risks of alkyl-PAHs, emphasizing the role of the computational toxicology in ecological risk assessments. The use of QSARs has been identified as a valuable tool for preliminarily assessing ecological risks of emerging pollutants, being more predictable of real exposure scenarios for risk assessment purposes. 相似文献
16.
为保障渤海海域的污染物控制和生态环境保护,文章基于已有监测数据,分析渤海海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃(PAHs、LPAHs、HPAHs和CPAHs)的分布、来源及其与沿岸陆地的相关性。研究结果表明:PAHs、LPAHs、HPAHs和CPAHs含量最高的海湾分别为莱州湾、渤海湾、辽东湾和渤海湾,3个海湾均以LPAHs为主;PAHs及其各类组成的来源主要包括入海河流携带的陆源污染物,海流输送并沉积的泄漏原油以及港口、城市和工业基地的排放污水;PAHs的分布受沿岸土地开发利用以及工业和城镇建设等人类活动影响较大,且沿岸土壤中的PAHs对海洋环境造成破坏。 相似文献
17.
Salas N Ortiz L Gilcoto M Varela M Bayona JM Groom S Alvarez-Salgado XA Albaigés J 《Marine environmental research》2006,62(5):388-413
Plankton samples (20-350 microm and >350 microm) collected at three transects along the Galician coast (NW Spain) were analysed for individual aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons by GC-MS. Sample collection was performed in April-July 2003, after the Prestige oil spill (November 2002), to determine whether the hydrocarbons released into the water column as a consequence of the spill were accumulated by the planktonic communities during the subsequent spring and early summer blooms. Surface sediments were also collected to assess the presence of the spilled oil, removed from the water column by downward particle transport. Plankton concentrations of PAHs (Sigma14 parent components) were in the range of 25-898 ng g(-1)dw, the highest values being close to coastal urban areas. However, the individual distributions were highly dominated by alkyl naphthalenes and phenanthrenes, paralleling those in the water dissolved fraction. The detailed study of petrogenic molecular markers (e.g. steranes and triterpanes, and methyl phenanthrenes and dibenzothiophenes) showed the occurrence of background petrogenic pollution but not related with the Prestige oil, with the possible exception of the station off Costa da Morte in May 2003, heavily oiled after the accident. The dominant northerly wind conditions during the spring and early summer 2003, which prevented the arrival of fresh oil spilled from the wreck, together with the heavy nature of the fuel oil, which was barely dispersed in seawater, and the large variability of planktonic cycles, could be the factors hiding the acute accumulation of the spilled hydrocarbons. Then, with the above exception, the concentrations of PAHs found in the collected samples, mostly deriving from chronic pollution, can be considered as the reference values for the region. 相似文献