共查询到15条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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通过自然条件下沙表层和水面溢油的模拟风化实验,采用GC-MS作为检测器,研究原油中的正构烷烃在厦门地区的风化规律.结果表明,在一个月的风化模拟实验中,两种不同介质溢油风化均明显体现轻组分的正构烷烃丢失现象,且正构烷烃组分在水面溢油的风化速率低于沙表层溢油速率1～2个碳数.沙上模拟实验后期APr/APh比值明显受到风化影响,诊断比值不适用于油源鉴别.诊断比值An-C17/APr、An-C18/APh在短期风化过程中受风化影响小.水面溢油模拟实验结束后发现水体中n-C13-n-C29的正构烷烃组分含量升高2.9%～327.4%. 相似文献
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以柴油为研究对象,采用溢油风化模拟实验,从分子级水平揭示中长期风化作用对溢油组成的影响。利用相对偏差和重复性限法进行评价和筛选,研究表明,柴油在较短时间(10 d)内,phytane/n-C18和pristine/phytane特征比率可较好地作为油品鉴别的依据;在10~30 d的风化期间,pristine/phytane仍可作为油品鉴别的依据;较长期的风化过程后,上述三个正构烷烃特征比率对于油品鉴别已不再具备意义。所选多环芳烃诊断比值指标中,除MNR、MP/P外,其他参数(MPI-1,MPI-2,Rc,MPDF1,MPDF2,MNR)相对标准偏差在1.10%~5.40%,可较好地用于重度风化溢油源鉴定。 相似文献
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基于特征比值的原油中PAHs标志物风化规律研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以渤海某原油作为研究对象进行综合模拟风化实验, 探讨了原油中五类PAHs组分的风化规律并筛选出其中稳定的诊断比值。结果表明: 经过50d风化, 原油中PAHs的分布已经发生了较大的改变, 其中萘系类损失最为严重, 菲系列所占的比例有所提高, 二苯并噻吩、屈、芴系列则保持相对稳定, 这为进一步筛选用于溢油来源鉴别的新诊断比值参数提供了一定依据; 经风化检验, 现有常用6种PAHs诊断比值在风化50d后较稳定, 可用于风化溢油的鉴别; 所选取新诊断比值中, 菲和屈系列、烷基取代二苯并噻吩类、烷基取代芴类抗风化能力较强, 共筛选出34种诊断比值可作为溢油鉴别的有效指标。 相似文献
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对两种原油进行混合配比实验,将混合后油样置于人工气候箱进行风化模拟实验,采用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)检测风化样品中的生物标志化合物,短期风化作用对混合溢油的油指纹、生物标志化合物诊断指标等的影响。结果表明,混合溢油的正构烷烃总质量变化与单一原油油品的变化规律相近,即前期风化较快,质量减损较多,而后期风化趋缓,不同混合比例的溢油表现差异不明显。常用于短期风化的诊断比值对各混合油样的风化具有指示意义,但难以定性鉴别油品是否发生混合。重复性限法检验只能判定短期风化过程前后的油样为同一油源,而难以反映油样是否为混合油源的特征,各诊断比值的RSD%值较大可能是混合溢油的一个表现。 相似文献
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气相色谱对数比值法鉴别海面溢油源 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
本文应用对数比值法识别油色谱图形.选择六个受风化影响很小的色谱峰作为图形识别的信息点,以峰面积或峰高作为图形识别运算的基本值,经归一化法标化后,计算溢油与可疑溢油的六个相应峰的对数比值,画出判别图,如果溢油与某可疑溢油的六个对数比值,有50%以上的点落在临界线以下为真正的溢油源. 相似文献
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将胜利和塔西两种原油以不同比例混合后置于人工气候箱进行风化模拟实验,采用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)检测风化样品中的生物标志化合物,探讨和揭示短期风化作用对混合溢油常用的甾萜类和多环芳烃诊断指标的影响。结果表明经过15d的短期风化,在混源比例大于10%时,各系列混合油样的甾萜类生物标志物诊断指标与单一油品的相关诊断比值的差异性和混源油品比例值呈明显正相关。各系列混合油样中的常用萘及烷基萘等指标不适宜作为短期溢油来源鉴别的指标,但可以作为溢油是否发生混合的间接判定指标。根据常用的多环芳烃相关诊断指标,可将各系列油样的短期风化模式依据混源油品中塔西油田原油所占比例大致分为3类(20%~50%、10%和0%)。多环芳烃系列诊断指标的相对标准偏差(RSD%)与混源油品比例有关,混源塔西油样的比例越高,PAHs系列指标的RSD%越大,稳定性越差。 相似文献
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应用灰色系统理论对海面溢油物理化学性质(蒸发率、溶解率、表面张力、黏度和密度)在风化过程中的变化进行研究,建立了溢油物理化学性质在风化过程中的预测模式GM(1,1)和GM(0,m).结果表明,在风化过程中,溢油物理化学性质的GM(1,1)和GM(0,m)模式预测精度令人满意,皆符合统计学检验的要求;在风化过程中,溢油物理化学性质所具有的灰色相关性可用GM(0,m)模式的灰色辨识参数来表征;在风化过程中,溢油的蒸发率和溶解率可分别用表面张力、黏度和密度作为预报因子。 相似文献
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用荧光光谱和毛细管GC—FID法鉴别海面溢油 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用荧光光谱和高效毛细管ＧＣ－ＦＤ两种鉴别方法,对发生在秦皇岛东山浴场的一起溢油油样进行了分析鉴定。可靠地查明了溢油源。文中较详细地介绍了溢油特征“指纹”识别技术和特征“指纹”信息点相对峰高比值法相结合的溢油鉴别方法。 相似文献
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Biodegradation and oil mixing in Silurian sandstone reservoirs of the Tarim Basin, one of the largest composite basins in China, were investigated by analyzing the molecular characteristics and stable carbon isotopic signatures of low-molecular-weight (LMW) saturated hydrocarbons and high-molecular-weight (HMW) asphaltenes. Detection of 25-norhopanes and 17-nortricyclic terpanes in most Silurian tar sands from the Tabei Uplift in the Tarim Basin suggests a much greater degree of biodegradation here than in the Tazhong Uplift. This explains the relatively more abundant tricyclic terpanes, gammacerane, pregnane and diasteranes in tar sands from the Tabei Uplift than in those from the Tazhong Uplift. Hence, care must be taken when assigning oil source correlations using biomarkers in tar sands because of the biodegradation and mixing of oils derived from multiple sources in such an old composite basin. Asphaltenes in the tar sands seem to be part of the oil charge before biodegradation, depending on the relative anti-biodegradation characteristics of asphaltenes, the similarity in carbon isotopic signatures for asphaltenes and their pyrolysates, and the consistent product distribution for flash pyrolysis and for regular steranes in asphaltene pyrolysates, regardless of whether the tar sands were charged with fresh oil. According to the relative distributions of regular steranes and the relatively abundant 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene significantly enriched in 13C, the oil sources for asphaltenes in the tar sands might be related to lower Paleozoic marine source rocks formed in euxinic conditions. Nevertheless, the relatively low abundance of gammacerane and C28 regular steranes observed in asphaltene pyrolysates and residual hydrocarbons, within limited samples investigated in this work, made a direct correlation of oils originally charged into Silurian tar sands with those Cambrian source rocks, reported so far, seem not to be possible. Comparison of carbon isotopic signatures of n-alkanes in asphaltene pyrolysates with those of LMW saturated hydrocarbons is helpful in determining if the abundant n-alkanes in tar sands are derived from fresh oil charges after biodegradation. The limited carbon isotopic data for n-alkanes in LMW saturated hydrocarbons from the tar sands can be used to classify oils charged after biodegradation in the composite basin into four distinct groups. 相似文献
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Bicyclic Sesquiterpanes (BSs) are ubiquitous components of crude oils and ancient sediments. BSs in crude oils and diesel oil were identified and characterized, the effects of moderate weathering on BS distributions were discussed, and a methodology using diagnostic indices of BSs was developed for oil correlation and differentiation. The results showed that crude oils and oil products had different abundances and distributions of BSs and, consequently, resulted in different diagnostic ratios. The selected diagnostic ratio indices of BSs, such as BS4/BS5 (ratio of 4,4,8,9,9-pentamethyl-decahydronaphthalene to 8β (H)-drimane), BS6/BS5 (ratio of 4,4,9,9,10-pentamethyl-decahydronaphthalene to 8β (H)-drimane), BS8/BS9 (ratio of the second peak to the third peak of C 16 sequiterpane), and BS8/BS10 (ratio of C 16 sequiterpane to 8β (H)-homodrimane), still maintained better stabilities (%RSD < 5%) after weathering for 30 d. The longer weathering process (150 d) had some effect on such ratios (5% < %RSD < 10%). The facts of the uniqueness, abundance in petroleum, and chemical stability of BSs enable them to be suitable as an effective diagnostic means for identifying spilled oil with moderate weathering, particularly for lighter refined product samples that are difficult to identify by current techniques. 相似文献
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The Cuu Long Basin (Mekong Basin) is a rift basin off southern Vietnam, and the most important petroleum producing basin in the country. However, information on petroleum type and characteristics has hitherto been largely unavailable to the public. This paper presents petroleum geochemical data on nine oil samples from four different producing fields in the Cuu Long Basin: the Dragon (Rong), Black Lion (Sutu-Den), Sunrise (Rang ?ong) and White Tiger (Bach Ho) Fields. The oils are highly paraffinic with bimodal normal alkane distributions and show moderate pristane to phytane ratios and a conspicuous hyperbolic decrease in abundance with increasing carbon number of hopane homologues from C30 to C35. The TPP-index of Holba et al. (Holba, A.G., Dzou, L.I., Wood, G.D., Ellis, L., Adam, P., Schaeffer, P., Albrecht, P., Greene, T., Hughes, W.B., 2003. Application of tetracyclic polyprenoids as indicators of input from fresh–brackish water environments. Organic Geochemistry 34, 441–469) is equal to 1 in all samples which in combination with tricyclic triperpane T26/T25 ratios >1 and the n-alkane and hopane distributions mentioned above provide a strong indication of an origin from lacustrine source rocks. This is supported by the absence of marine C30 desmethyl steranes (i.e. 24-n-propylcholestanes) and marine diatom-derived norcholestanes. Based on the overall biological marker distributions, the lakes probably belonged to the overfilled or balanced-fill types defined by Bohacs et al. (Bohacs, K.M., Carroll, A.R., Neal, J.E., Mankiewicz, P.J., 2000. Lake-basin type, source potential, and hydrocarbon character. An integrated sequence-stratigraphic–geochemical framework. AAPG Studies in Geology 46, 3–34). The oils were generated from source rocks at early- to mid-oil-window maturity, presumably Oligocene lacustrine shales that are present in the syn-rift succession. Oils from individual fields may, however, be distinguished by a combination of biological marker parameters, such as the oleanane index, the gammacerane index, the relative abundance of tricyclic terpanes, the proportions of diasteranes and 28-norspergulane, complemented by other parameters. The oils of the Cuu Long Basin show an overall similarity to the B-10 oil from the Song Hong Basin off northern Vietnam, but are markedly different from the seepage oils known from Dam Thi Nai on the coast of central Vietnam. 相似文献
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采用气相色谱法对渤海海上6个不同区块、7个平台的8口油井原油中正构烷烃组分及姥鲛烷植烷进行了定性定量分析,通过原始指纹谱图、正构烷烃组分及姥鲛炕植烷浓度分布比较和特征比值比较对原油进行了鉴别.结果表明,不同区块的原油指纹信息不尽相同,即使同一平台不同油井所产的原油指纹也存在一定差异,采用气相色谱法进行分析可对其进行鉴别.原油的风化对特征比值影响较小,可利用其进行风化油样的鉴别.为确保鉴别的准确性,分析过程中必须实施严格质量控制措施. 相似文献
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渤海石油污染:来自表层沉积物中生物标志物的证据 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对渤海表层沉积物中饱和烃的分布、来源和分子组成特征的系统分析,探讨了沉积物中生物标志物对石油污染的指示意义。研究表明,沉积物中色谱不可分辨的混合物(UCM)和正构烷烃的分布及组成特征显示出沉积物不同程度地受到了石油烃输入和细菌微生物作用的影响,其中以渤海湾沿岸区域最为明显。渤海湾近岸区和黄河口附近沉积物中正构烷烃平均碳链长度(ACL)低于其他地区,姥鲛烷/植烷(Pr/Ph)也普遍低于1.0,表明可能受到来自于石油平台开采活动、船舶航行、河流输入的石油烃的影响。C27-18α(H)-三降藿烷(Ts)与C27-17α(H)-三降藿烷(Tm)的比值(Ts/Tm)、C31升藿烷22S/(22S+22R)和αααC29甾烷20S/(20S+20R)的比值表明该区域沉积物中有机质成熟度较高,可能受到外来石油烃输入及其衍生物的影响。通过与周边环境中生物标志物分子组成特征的对比发现,沉积物中甾烷和萜类化合物主要来源于石油及其衍生物。将饱和烃各参数进行归一化处理,得到了石油污染的综合替代性指标,并初步圈定了石油污染相对较重的区域。 相似文献