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1.
《海洋湖沼通报》2017,(4)
近年来,渤海湾实施了围海造地工程,岸线的改变会影响渤海湾水动力特征。利用验证后的三维潮流数学模型ROMS对2003和2010年天津港附近海域潮流场进行了模拟,在此基础上,探讨了天津港附近海域的潮流特征、潮流的分层特点和围海造地引起的潮流场变化情况。结果表明:东疆港东北部与汉沽之间海域涨潮流速减小0.1~0.18m/s,落潮流速减小0.1~0.15m/s,南疆港北部海域涨潮流速减小0.05~0.1m/s,落潮流速减小0.05~0.1m/s,临港工业区附近海域涨潮流速减小0.1~0.18m/s,落潮流速减小0.1~0.15m/s,南港附近海域涨潮流速减小0.1~0.15m/s,落潮流速减小0.1~0.15m/s。 相似文献
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基于FVCOM的泉州湾海域三维潮汐与潮流数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于FVCOM海洋数值模式,采用非结构的三角形网格和有限体积法,建立了泉州湾海域高分辨率(26 m)的三维潮汐、潮流数值模型。模拟结果同2个验潮站和3个连续测流站的观测资料符合良好,较好地反映了泉州湾内潮汐、潮流运动的变化状况和分布特征,给出了M2、S2、K1、O1 4个主要分潮的同潮图、表层潮流椭圆分布,以及模拟区域内最大可能潮差、表层最大可能潮流流速和潮余流分布。分析表明,4个分潮的最大潮汐振幅和迟角差分别为219 cm和19°,85 cm和25°,26 cm和12°,26 cm和9°;石湖港以东海域的潮波为逆时针旋转的驻波,以西海域为前进波;最大可能潮差由湾口的8.0m向湾内增加至8.8 m。湾内潮流类型为规则半日潮流,落潮最大流速大于涨潮最大流速,北乌礁水道为强流区,表层最大可能潮流流速为2.4 m/s;湾口潮流运动以逆时针方向的旋转流形式为主,湾内的潮流运动以往复流形式为主,长轴走向主要沿着水道方向,与等深线和海岸线平行;四个分潮流表层最大流速分别为1.4 m/s,0.58 m/s,0.12 m/s,0.10 m/s。余流流速大小与潮流强弱有密切的联系,表、中、底层最大余流流速分别为26 cm/s,20 cm/s,16 cm/s,三者在水平方向基本呈北进南出的分布形态。 相似文献
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本文利用高频地波雷达获得的江苏如东海域大范围长期海流观测资料对苏北辐射沙洲南部烂沙洋海域夏季表层海流特征进行了分析。分析结果表明:研究海域表层海流靠近近岸一侧为往复流，流向总体上呈西北-东南向，靠近外海一侧为旋转流；海域潮流动力较为强劲，夏季表层海流实测最大流速达1.47 m/s，涨潮平均流速介于0.44~0.55 m/s，落潮平均流速介于0.38~0.52 m/s，海域西北部区域涨落潮平均流速明显大于其他区域；表层潮流为正规半日潮流，M2分潮为最主要分潮，其潮流椭圆长轴范围为0.57~0.71 m/s，远大于其他分潮，其次为S2分潮；该海域夏季表层余流呈现近岸大离岸小的分布趋势，余流流向基本指向近岸方向，从离岸到近岸余流流向呈现逆时针偏转。 相似文献
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利用丁字湾近岸海域2021年的最新观测资料，研究了潮汐、潮流和余流的基本特征和变化规律。得出如下结论：潮汐为正规半日潮，最大潮差405 cm,最小潮差69 cm,平均潮差248 cm,涨潮历时小于落潮历时。潮流为规则半日浅海潮流，最大涨潮流流速为67 cm/s,最大落潮流流速为72 cm/s。涨潮流历时小于落潮流历时。垂向来看，表层流速最大，中层次之，底层最小。海流的旋转谱分析的结果显示M2分潮的谱峰值最高，运动形式为逆时针旋转流。余流，整体余流流速小于10 cm/s,表层余流最大，中层次之，底层最小。观测期间，长周期的风向和余流流向相反，因此风不是余流的控制因素。 相似文献
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洋山港区动力泥沙过程研究—兼论北岛链汊道封堵的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
于 2006 年 4 月 8 - 17 日、8 月 9 - 16 日和 2007 年 1 月 13 - 25 日在杭州湾口的洋山港海域一固定观测点(平均水深约 15 m)用"海床基海洋环境自动监测系统"观测了潮位、波浪、潮流、近底悬沙浓度等要素.结果表明:( 1)研究区波浪较弱,平均有效波高为 0.53 ～ 0.65 m,常风条件下波高受水深控制,而强风天气时波高受风速控制.( 2)港区潮流较强.最大流速为 238 cm / s,观测期间平均流速在中、上层均 > 80 cm / s,而在近底层<40 cm / s.潮流以离底 4.7 ～ 5.7 m 为分界层,分界层以上以落潮流占优势,分界层以下以涨潮流占优势.涨、落潮流流向分别在 310°～ 320°和 130°～ 140°之间,涨、落潮主流比洋山港工程前向右偏转约 20°.( 3)余流流速由底层向表层递增,上层和表层均大于 10 cm / s,中、下层为 4 cm / s左右;余流流向,底层约为 322°,2.7 ～5 .7 m 层为 56°～ 85°,6.7 m 以上为 103°～ 166°.( 4)2006 年 4 月小潮和 8 月大潮平均悬沙浓度分别为 0.81 kg / m3 和1.46 kg / m3.悬沙浓度涨潮大于落潮,涨急时悬沙浓度最高. 相似文献
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基于三维调和分离的同安湾口门断面冬季潮流和余流特征的分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用同安湾口门断面走航ADCP观测数据,采用基于高斯基函数的Candela空间插值方法,对海流进行空间三维的调和分离,并对分离的各分潮流与余流进行流场的回归检验分析,F(α=0.01)检验显示流场的回归效果显著.观测期间同安湾口门断面平均潮差为5.15 m,最小潮差4.38m,最大潮差5.98 m,断面上涨落潮最大流速分别为92.3、80.3 cm/s,潮流特征分析表明,同安湾口门断面的潮流运动形式为往复流,以半日潮流为主,约占70%潮流信息,潮流流速从海表面向海底递减.余流最大值为12.5 cm/s,空间分布上将同安湾口门断面一分为二形成北进南出的余流进出通道,这与以往余流格局的认识相符. 相似文献
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基于海床基观测平台,对2010年秋季辽东湾东部海域的海流开展连续观测,并运用谱分析和调和分析方法对该海域的潮流和余流特征进行研究。结果表明:辽东湾东北部潮流属于规则半日潮流;而中东部和东南部两站潮流属于不规则半日潮流。三个站位优势分潮流均为M2分潮,并呈往复流特征;其最大流速介于38~55 cm/s之间,流向为东北-西南,最大流速发生时刻随深度增加而提前。最大可能潮流流速介于91~142 cm/s,流向与岸线走向大致平行。秋季辽东湾东部沿岸余流整体较弱,流向以西南向为主,从北往南三站余流流速分别约为3~5 cm/s,3 cm/s和2~5.5 cm/s。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
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Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献
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The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献