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1.
广东三水盆地晚白垩世—始新世古地磁研究及构造意义 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对广东三水盆地上白垩统三水组、古新统莘庄组及始新统布心组、宝月组的系统的古地磁研究结果表明：（１）旋转运动是该区构造的主要形式，顺时针旋转盆地拉张发育，逆时针旋转盆地挤压衰亡，发育的程度与旋转角度有关；（２）始新世该区旋转方向由顺时针旋转变为逆时针旋转，对应于太平洋－库拉板块对欧亚板块作用方向的改变，说明三水盆地的形成发育与太平洋－库拉板块对欧亚板块的作用密切相关；（３）三水盆地所在华南地块从晚白 相似文献
2.
南海北缘新生代盆地沉积与构造演化及地球动力学背景 总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32
南海北缘新生代沉积盆地是全面揭示南海北缘形成演化及与邻区大地构造单元相互作用的重要窗口。通过对盆地沉积-构造特征分析,南海北缘新生代裂陷过程显示出明显的多幕性和旋转性的特点。在从北向南逐渐迁移的趋势下,东、西段裂陷过程也具有一定的差异,西部裂陷活动及海侵时间明显早于东部,裂陷中心由西向东呈雁列式扩展。晚白垩世-早始新世裂陷活动应是东亚陆缘中生代构造-岩浆演化的延续,始新世中、晚期太平洋板块俯冲方向改变导致裂陷中心南移,印度欧亚板块碰撞效应是南海中央海盆扩张方向顺时针旋转的主要原因。 相似文献
3.
东海陆架盆地南部中生代构造演化与原型盆地性质 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
东海陆架盆地南部夹持于欧亚板块、太平洋板块与印度板块之间,是发育在前中生代基础之上的中、新生代叠合盆地。其构造演化受古太平洋板块俯冲及特提斯-喜马拉雅构造域的联合影响,经历了印支末期基隆运动、燕山期渔山和雁荡运动的叠加改造。结合浙闽隆起带中生代火成岩事件、盆地构造变形、沉积学的一些证据,通过海陆对比研究,认为东海陆架盆地南部早-中三叠世可能为面向古太平洋的被动大陆边缘盆地;晚三叠世-侏罗纪古太平洋板块已对中国大陆有较强的俯冲作用,东海陆架盆地及南部原型盆地为活动大陆边缘弧前盆地;白垩纪受控于滨海断裂表现为活动大陆边缘走滑拉分盆地;古新世-始新世火山岛弧向东移动,东海陆架变为弧后裂谷盆地。 相似文献
4.
珠江口盆地开平凹陷断裂构造特征与动力学机制探讨 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
珠江口盆地作为南海北部陆缘勘探程度较高的含油气盆地,断裂特征分析对认识盆地演化模式和油气成藏机理至关重要。根据高分辨率地震数据和钻井资料对盆地西南部开平凹陷进行精细地震地质解释,依据断裂级别与规模将该区断裂构造类型划分为一级控盆断裂、二级控凹断裂、三级控带断裂以及四级控圈断裂;在地震剖面上识别出“Y”字型断层、阶梯状断层及卷心型断层等多种剖面组合样式;根据断裂平面分布图识别出平行式、雁列式、斜交式3种平面组合类型;定量统计断裂走向特征可知,在右旋应力场作用下,自始新世到早中新世断裂走向持续发生近NE→EW→近NW向的顺时针旋转,且断裂活动性逐渐减弱。并认为受印度?欧亚板块碰撞、太平洋板块俯冲后撤和古南海持续南移的影响,盆地形成典型的伸展拉张应力场环境,促成始新世?渐新世期间近NE向、EW向和中新世期间发育的近NW向3组断裂发育。对开平凹陷的地质构造特征加以解释补充,为南海北缘洋陆过渡带的发育特性和成因机制提供参考。 相似文献
5.
北康盆地沉降作用与构造运动 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
在地质构造特征研究的基础上,采用地层回剥法和局部均衡模式,研究北康盆地的构造沉降作用,并探讨该盆地构造演化与区域构造运动的关系。北康盆地是一个拉张性盆地,经历了3次快速沉降作用。中始新世沉降作用占总构造沉降量的28％～34％,沉降速率为234～325m／Ma,拉伸系数最大达1.72,它是43Ma时印度板块和欧亚板块碰撞的结果。上始新世—早渐新世构造沉降作用速率较慢,幅度也较小,为西卫运动影响下的越东—万安走滑断裂发生走滑拉张活动所致。上新世—第四纪的沉降速率极快,幅度很大,可达整个构造沉降的40％以上,可能是太平洋板块与欧亚板块相互作用所引起的整个南海区域沉降在盆地中的反映。 相似文献
6.
在前人勘探解释的基础上,通过三维高分辨率地震资料,应用相干属性分析等技术对区域断裂进行精细化解释。研究表明盆地内发育着典型的犁式、花状构造、旋转正断层等伸展构造样式,在珠三南断裂影响下,南部边界断裂以阶梯状排列形成断阶构造。始新世—中中新世,断裂走向在持续右旋张扭应力场下以NE→EW→NWW顺时针方向旋转,张裂强度逐渐减弱。晚始新世—早渐新世,盆地在太平洋板块俯冲后退、印亚板块碰撞、古南海向南俯冲下发育EW向断裂,晚渐新世在南海扩张事件影响下前期右旋应力场得到加强,形成大量近EW向断裂,中新世后演化为NWW向断裂。文昌A凹陷断裂构造的演化、成因机制与南海北部陆缘应力场变化一致。该研究有利于进一步了解南海北部陆缘含油气盆地的构造特征和演化规律,提高油气勘探开发的效率。 相似文献
7.
南海东北部地处欧亚板块与菲律宾海板块的交汇区,新构造运动活跃。根据地震活动性、震源机制解和GPS资料对该区的新构造活动特征进行分析,在此基础上讨论该区新构造运动的动力学机制。分析发现,菲律宾海板块NW向俯冲对该区的影响最为显著,导致了该区较强的地震活动性以及与俯冲方向一致的构造应力场。而印藏碰撞产生的侧向应力传递也影响到该区,控制华南地块向SE方向运动,并与菲律宾海板块的NW向俯冲共同作用,使华南地块在SE向运动的同时伴有逆时针旋转。印藏碰撞的SE向应力传递对俯冲产生的NW向水平挤压的抵消作用,使得地震活动性自东向西减弱以及构造应力场P轴方位角顺时针旋转。在这一背景下,区内滨海断裂带的活动控制了该区的地震、海岸带构造升降等新构造运动。 相似文献
8.
分析了古近纪渤海湾盆地、东海陆架盆地和菲律宾海盆地的总体盆地结构和沉积特征,在此基础上对比分析了三大盆地古近纪沉降中心的迁移规律,提出了印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞的远程效应和太平洋板块后退式俯冲是导致三大盆地演化呈现规律性的原因,且前者是主导因素。印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞引起地幔流自西向东蠕动并上涌,使岩石圈拉伸、减薄、破裂,在中国东部盆地产生NE向断裂的右旋走滑,进一步影响并控制了渤海湾盆地和东海陆架盆地的构造演化。太平洋板块的后退式俯冲为亚洲东部的岩石圈向东伸展、蠕散提供了应变空间,太平洋板块晚始新世俯冲方向的改变对东海陆架盆地和菲律宾海盆地向东的构造跃迁及沉降中心迁移产生了重要影响。 相似文献
9.
印度次大陆东北部的孟加拉湾盆地位于印度地盾和印缅山脉之间，由三个地质区组成：（1）稳定陆架区；（2）中央深盆区（从东北部的Sylhet海槽向南部的Hatia海槽延伸）；（3）Chittagong-Tripura褶皱带。由于盆地位于三大板块相互作用之处，即印度、缅甸和西藏（欧亚）板块，这些地质区的盆地充填史变化相当大。前寒武纪变质沉积和二叠-石炭纪岩石仅在稳定陆架区钻遇。印度地盾前寒武纪准平原化之后，孟加拉湾盆地的沉积作用开始在孤立的基底之上地堑盆地内发育。随着冈瓦纳大陆在侏罗纪和白垩纪破裂，印度板块向北运动，盆地在白垩纪开始向下挠曲，沉积作用开始在稳定陆架和深盆内发育。自那以后，沉积作用在大部分盆地内连续进行。盆地的沉降是由于地壳的差异调整、与南亚不同要素的碰撞、东喜玛拉雅和印缅山脉的隆升引起。随着冈瓦纳大陆的破裂，在白垩纪向下挠曲期间，几条发育较好的断层开始运动。到始新世，由于重要的海侵，稳定陆架区处于碳酸盐环境，而深盆区受深水沉积作用控制。孟加拉湾盆地沉积作用类型的重要转变发生在中始新世到早中新世期间，是印度与缅甸和西藏块体碰撞的结果。进入盆地的碎屑物流从北部的喜玛拉雅和东部的印缅山脉迅速增加，紧接着是盆地沉降速率的增加。在此阶段，深海沉积作用控制了深盆区，而盆地东部广泛出现深-浅海沉积环境。到中中新世，随着板块之间持续的碰撞和喜玛拉雅和印缅山脉的隆升，大量的碎屑物流从东北部和东部进入盆地．整个中新世，沉积环境继续变化，从盆地内的深海棚到盆地边缘的浅海相和海岸相。上新世以来，大量的沉积物从西部和西北部充填在孟加拉湾盆地，主要的三角洲建造继续发育成为现在的三角洲地貌。自白垩纪以来，由于这个地区主要板块运动和碰撞类型，恙加拉湾盆地的结构一直在变化。然而，当占地理环境和物源区发生变化时，盆地可以识别出三个显著变化，即出现于早始新世、中中新世和上新一更新世。现今的盆地具有的北部恒河-布拉马普特拉河三角洲系和南部盂加拉深海扇这一结构彤成于上新-更新世后半期，在那以后的三角洲进积受到东喜玛拉雅造山作用的强烈影响、孟加拉湾北部的更新世冰川活动伴随着海平面变化. 相似文献
10.
本文应用构造动力学理论和原理，从断裂分析入手，结合区域地质构造背景，分析了南少贯部自晚中一代以来的构造应力场特征与构造演化，认为南海南部总体上处于南北向挤压应力场中，西部边缘还受到始新世以来印－亚之间持续碰撞和印度板块与印支半岛之间的顺时针剪扭作用；而东部还受到太平洋板块先是向北、，后是向西的推挤和逆时针扭动 相似文献
11.
南沙群岛海域构造地层及构造运动 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据对“实验2”号调查船1987—1991年测得的反射地震剖面的解释,论述了南沙群岛海域的构造层划分、时代属性与分布发育特征。提出本区自白垩纪中期以来发生过两次重大的构造运动,形成两个裂谷作用构造旋回。 相似文献
12.
法尔维海盆位于西南太平洋海域豪勋爵海丘东侧、新喀里多尼亚岛西侧，是全球油气勘探的前沿地区。但目前对于该海盆的构造演化研究较为薄弱，限制了该海盆油气资源的进一步勘探开发。本文通过从新西兰塔斯曼海数据库搜集到大量地球物理资料，使用2D Move软件，通过平衡剖面技术进行构造演化模拟，结合区域动力学机制将海盆北部和南部的构造演化分为7个阶段:(1)早白垩世至晚白垩世陆内裂谷阶段；(2)晚白垩世断坳过渡阶段；(3)始新世早期坳陷阶段；(4)始新世晚期一次构造反转阶段；(5)始新世至渐新世热沉降阶段；(6)渐新世至中新世二次构造反转阶段；(7)中新世至今海洋沉降阶段。由于海盆中部未发现有明显的二次构造反转阶段，所以将海盆中部的构造演化划分为5个阶段:(1)早白垩世至晚白垩世陆内裂谷阶段；(2)晚白垩世断坳过渡阶段；(3)始新世早期坳陷阶段；(4)始新世晚期构造反转阶段；(5)中新世至今海洋沉降阶段。此阶段海盆整体下坳，逐渐形成现今样貌。法尔维海盆北部受到区域构造活动影响较大，白垩系地层发育较多的断裂构造；海盆中部晚白垩统地层发生较多的底辟构造；海盆南部从形成至今，受到构造活动影响较小，发育地层完整，前新生代地层较厚。整个法尔维海盆北部构造活动较强，中部较弱，南部较小。沉积地层从北到南由厚变薄。 相似文献
13.
-The tectonic types of the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Mouth Basin in the South China Sea are epicontinental rift-depression basins. Prior to Early Cretaceous time, the Dongsha Uplift arid its surrounding depressions had been combined with the Eurasia Plate in a single unit. Many ENE-trending narrow rifted basins were formed in the third episode of Yanshan orogeny (Late Laramide). The rifted basins in the Paleocene and Eocene were stretched and extended, forming Zhu 1, Zhu 2 and Zhu 3 depressions. The Dongsha Uplift is located between Zhu 1 and Zhu 2 depressions . covering an area of 28 000 Km2. Its geologic evolution can be divided into four stages:(1) Late Cretaceous - Paleocene block-faulting stage.(2) Eocene -Oligocene uplifting and eroding stage.(3) Late Oligocene - Early Miocene sustained subsiding stage.(4) Middle Miocene -Recent noncompensated subsiding stage.The Dongsha Uplift is a structural zone favourable for oil-gas accumulation. 相似文献
14.
On tectonic movement in the South China Sea during the Cenozoic 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The tectonic movement taking place at the end of Cretaceous and the beginning of Cenozoic had opened the Cenozoic phase of polycyclic tectonic movements, then the whole crust of the South China Sea had been mainly subjected to the regional stress field of tectonic tension, which was characterized by rifting depression. Seven times of regional tectonic movement and sedimentation had been assembled into a geological development history of polycyclic oscillation. Especially, the tectonic movements were strongly intensified at the end of Cretacious and the beginning of Paleagene, between Late Eocene and MidOligocene, during Mid and Late Miocene. These three times of tectonic movement had built the most important regional tectonic interfaces in the South China Sea. Crust movements of the South China Sea were the result and epitome of interaction of the Eurasia, Pacific and IndoAustralia plates, that is, they were introduced by polycyclic changes of directions, rates and strengths of lithospheric movements and asthenospheric flows across the Pacific and IndoAustralia plates. 相似文献
15.
Albert G. Ablaev Vladimir D. Khudik Marya G. Biryulina Sergei P. Pletnev Akbar A. Ashurov 《Geo-Marine Letters》1992,12(4):236-239
A sedimentary rock complex overlays the deep layers of oceanic crust in the Mussau Trench (and the conjugated underwater ridge) of the Caroline Basin. Paleontological analyses supported the previous idea of Oligocene-Quaternary deposits. In addition, Upper Cretaceous (Acila ex gr. demessa, Anisomyon sp., and others) and Eocene (Heterostegina sp., Discocyclina sp., and others) deposits have been found, suggesting shallow water environments in Late Cretaceous-Early Cenozoic time. Later on, regional submergence started. The complex of the deep-seated formations of the Mussau Trench is not younger than the Early Cretaceous oceanic crust of the Ontong-Java Plateau. 相似文献
16.
The area reviewed covers the Mid-Norway continental margin between latitudes 62°N and 68°N. Main structural elements, as defined at the base Cretaceous level, are the Tröndelag Platform, underlying the inner shelf, the Möre and Vöring Basins, located beneath the outer shelf and slope, and the Möre Platform and the Outer Vöring Plateau, forming a base of slope trend of highs. Sediments contained in the Mid-Norway Basin range in age from Late Palaeozoic to Cenozoic. The basement was consolidated during the Caledonian orogenic cycle. Devonian and Early Carboniferous wrench movements along the axis of the Arctic-North Atlantic Caledonides are thought to have preceded the Namurian onset of crustal extension. Rifting processes were intermittently active for some 270 My until crustal separation between Greenland and Fennoscandia was achieved during the Early Eocene. During the evolution of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea rift system a stepwise concentration of tectonic activities to its axial zone (the area of subsequent continental separation) is observed. During the Late Palaeozoic to Mid-Jurassic a broad zone was affected by tensional faulting. During the Late Jurassic and Cretaceous the Tröndelag Platform was little affected by faulting whilst major rift systems in the Möre and Vöring Basins subsided rapidly and their shoulders became concomitantly upwarped. During the latest Cretaceous and Early Palaeogene terminal rifting phase only the western Möre and Vöring Basins were affected by intrusive and extrusive igneous activity. Following the Early Eocene crustal separation and the onset of sea floor spreading in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea, the Vöring segment of the Mid-Norway marginal basin subsided less rapidly than the Möre segment. During the Early and Mid Tertiary, minor compressional deformations affected the Vöring Basin and to a lesser degree the Möre Basin. Tensional forces dominated the Late Palaeozoic to Early Cenozoic evolution of the Mid-Norway Basin and effected strain mainly in the area where the crust was weakened by the previous lateral displacements. The lithosphere thinned progressively and the effects of the passively upwelling hot asthenospheric material became more pronounced. Massive dyke invasion of the thinned crust preceded its rupture. 相似文献
17.
This study analyzes the structural development of the Gunsan Basin in the central Yellow Sea, based on multi-channel seismic reflection profiles and exploratory well data. The basin comprises three depressions (the western, central, and eastern subbasins) filled with a thick (ca. 6000 m) Cretaceous to Paleogene nonmarine succession. It was initiated in the early Cretaceous due to intracontinental extension caused by oblique subduction of the Izanagi plate under the Eurasian plate and sinistral movement of the Tan-Lu fault. The basin appears to have undergone transtension in the late Cretaceous–Eocene, caused by dextral movement of the Tan-Lu and its branching faults. The transtension was accommodated by oblique intra-basinal normal faults and strike-slip (or oblique-slip) movement of a NE-trending bounding fault in the northern margin of the central subbasin. The entire basin was deformed (NE–SW contraction) in the Oligocene when tectonic inversion occurred, possibly due to the changes in strike-slip motion, from right- to left-lateral, of the Tan-Lu fault. During the early Miocene, extension resumed by reactivation of the pre-existing normal and transpressional faults. A combination of extension, uplift, and erosion resulted in differential preservation of the early Miocene succession. At the end of the early Miocene, extension ceased with mild contraction and then the basin thermally subsided with ensued rise in sea level. 相似文献
18.
C. Hübscher M.B. Hansen S.P. Triñanes H. Lykke-Andersen D. Gajewski 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2010,27(4):923-938
The post-Permian sequence stratigraphical and structural evolution of the Northeastern German Basin and its transition onto the Baltic Shield has been studied in the Bay of Mecklenburg (SW Baltic Sea) by means of seismic interpretation. Five major sequences have been identified: Middle Triassic, Upper Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous and Cenozoic. Time–isochore maps allowed the identification of several phases of salt pillow growth. The contemporaneity of active salt tectonics and the well studied tectonic evolution of the Northeastern German Basin suggest a causative correlation. The E–W directed extension during the Triassic-Early Jurassic marking the beginning break-up of Pangaea is seen as the trigger process for the first period of salt movement. A fault system outside the limit of the Zechstein evaporates is understood as the consequence of thin-skinned faulting and brittle thick-skinned deformation that accompanied this extension. The observed pronounced erosion of Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic strata is considered to result from the uplift due to the Mid North Sea Doming event in Middle Jurassic times. The seismic data show an undisturbed Late Cretaceous succession which reflects a period of rising sea level, tectonic quiescence and no salt movement. In contrast to the salt pillows which emerged above Triassic fault systems in the westernmost Baltic and western North German Basin, the Cenozoic salt movement activity is the most pronounced. This period of reactivated salt pillow growth started coevally with the onset of the Alpine orogeny at the Cretaceous/Cenozoic transition when the Africa-Arabian plate collided with Eurasia. Generally, no significant faults were identified in the overburden of the salt floored southern Bay of Mecklenburg where ductile Zechstein salt decouples deep rooted faulting from supra-salt deformation. 相似文献
19.
华南三水盆地白垩纪—早第三纪古纬度漂移与南海演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文主要依据三水盆地古地磁数据所反映的华南地块的古纬度漂移讨论南海的演化模式。结果认为,华南在南海的形成演化中居主导地位,南海基本上是晚白垩世至中新世期间通过华南的南漂及其后的北向回漂过程中,华南大陆南部的拉张、断裂、解体并自东向西扩展的方式形成的,而南海中散布的微大陆碎块则是在华南回漂时被滞留下来的。演化过程中,其周缘菲律宾岛弧自南向北漂,直到上新世后才构成南海的东界;印支地块则仅起转换边界作用;加里曼丹则基本土没有明显的漂移。 相似文献
20.
Two petroleum source rock intervals of the Lower Cretaceous Abu Gabra Formation at six locations within the Fula Sub-basin, Muglad Basin, Sudan, were selected for comprehensive modelling of burial history, petroleum maturation and expulsion of the generated hydrocarbons throughout the Fula Sub-basin. Locations (of wells) selected include three in the deepest parts of the area (Keyi oilfield); and three at relatively shallow locations (Moga oilfield). The chosen wells were drilled to depths that penetrated a significant part of the geological section of interest, where samples were available for geochemical and source rock analysis. Vitrinite reflectances (Ro %) were measured to aid in calibrating the developed maturation models.The Abu Gabra Formation of the Muglad Basin is stratigraphically subdivided into three units (Abu Gabra-lower, Abu Gabra-middle and Abu Gabra-upper, from the oldest to youngest). The lower and upper Abu Gabra are believed to be the major source rocks in the province and generally contain more than 2.0 wt% TOC; thus indicating a very good to excellent hydrocarbon generative potential. They mainly contain Type I kerogen. Vitrinite reflectance values range from 0.59 to 0.76% Ro, indicating the oil window has just been reached. In general, the thermal maturity of the Abu Gabra source rocks is highest in the Abu Gabra-lower (deep western part) of the Keyi area and decreases to the east toward the Moga oilfied at the Fula Sub-basin.Maturity and hydrocarbon generation modelling indicates that, in the Abu Gabra-Lower, early oil generation began from the Middle- Late Cretaceous to late Paleocene time (82.0–58Ma). Main oil generation started about 58 Ma ago and continues until the present day. In the Abu Gabra-upper, oil generation began from the end of the Cretaceous to early Eocene time (66.0–52Ma). Only in one location (Keyi-N1 well) did the Abu Gabra-upper reach the main oil stage. Oil expulsion has occurred only from the Abu Gabra-lower unit at Keyi-N1 during the early Miocene (>50% transformation ratio TR) continuing to present-day (20.0–0.0 Ma). Neither unit has generated gas. Oil generation and expulsion from the Abu Gabra source rocks occurred after the deposition of seal rocks of the Aradeiba Formation. 相似文献