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1.
湄洲湾夏季的初级生产力 总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2
湄洲湾１９９２年夏季的叶绿素ａ，三磷酸腺苷，碳比积累速率，初级生产力的变化范围和均值分别为０．４５－４．７２，１．４９ｍｇ／ｍ＾３；０．１２－１．０７，０．３１μｇ／ｄｍ＾３；０．０６－０．５８，０．３４ｄ＾－１；０．０７－０．３４，０．２１ｍ／（ｍ＾２．ｄ）。叶绿素ａ与三磷酸腺苷之间。初级生产力与碳比积累速率之间均呈正相关关系。叶绿素ａ三磷本能腺苷的比值为４．８，湄洲湾夏季浮游植物的生长受氮不足 相似文献
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JIN Xianglong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(12):1-3
In China submarine geosciences represents a newly established discipline of oceanography, focusing on the oceanic lithosphere, and its interface with the hydrosphere and biosphere. Recently, supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program and other high-tech development projects, significant progress has been made in the development of advanced technologies and equipment. This en- ables the scientists in China to carry out explorations of the international seabed area in the Pacific Ocean and on the Southwest Indian Ridge. In addition, they have been active in the research activities associated the mid-ocean ridges and western Pacific marginal seas. It is anticipated that this research field will continue to be highly fruitful in the near future. 相似文献
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Size-fractionated uranium isotopes in surface waters in the Jiulong Estuary in China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
L&#; E ZHANG Lei CHEN Min QIU Yusheng XING N YANG Weifeng LI Yanping HUANG Yipu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(1):29-41
Surface water was collected from the Jiulong Estuary for determination of activity concentrations of uranium isotopes in different size fractions, namely, greater than 53, 10 -53, 2 - 10, 0.4 -2 μm, 10 000 u -0.4 μm and less than 10 000 u fractions by microfihration and cross-flow uhrafiltration technologies. Results indicated that most of the dissolved uranium （ 〈 0.4 μm） exis- ted in the low molecular mass fraction （ 〈 10 000 u）, and the colloidal uranium-238 （10 000 u -0.4 μm） only contributed less than 1% of the dissolved uranium-238. The fractions of colloidal uranium in the dissolved phases decreased with the increasing sa- linity. A positive linear relationship between uranium-238 activities and salinities was observed for the dissolved, colloidal and low molecular mass fractions, indicating a conservative behavior of uranium in the Jiulong Estuary. In the particulate phases （ 〉 0.4 μm）, the partitioning of uranium isotopes among different size fractions was controlled by the partitioning of particle concentrations. In the regions with salinities below 20, the partitioning of uranium-238 among different size fractions was as follows： 10 - 53 μm 〉 2 - 10 μm 〉 0.4 - 2 μm greater than above 53 μm. However, the order at the offshore station with salinities above 30 changed as follows ： 0.4 - 2 μm 〉 10 - 53 μm 〉 2 - 10 μm greater than above 53 μm. The fraction of the 0.4 - 2 μm particles increased at the offshore station, suggesting the increased contribution of the authigenic uranium. The activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in the dissolved phases, including the low molecular mass fraction and the colloidal fraction, was larger than unity, showing the occurrence of excess uranium-234. In contrast, the activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in all size fractions of the particulate phase was close to the equilibrium value （1.0）. The observed different values of the activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in the dissolved phase and the partic 相似文献
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利用1985—2018年6个时间段的Landsat TM、ETM、OLI遥感影像，使用面向对象的遥感提取方法，通过选取空间利用结构、开发利用程度、景观指数及质心转移分析了沧州市围填海空间格局变化特征。结果表明：33年间研究区内围填海活动剧烈，1985—2018年，沧州近岸海域新增围填海面积137.05 km2，围填用海规模随时间变化不断扩大。1985—2003年，围填海空间利用结构和类型经历了从以围填养殖用海为主到各类型围填用海兼备的演化过程。研究区内围填海强度逐渐上升，2018年围填海开发强度指数达到274.55。港口用海逐渐成为沧州近海海域围填海的主要类型，围海养殖用海次之。1985—2018年，沧州市围填海景观的聚集度指数与蔓延度指数均较高，平均聚集度指数高达99.4004，围填海景观分布具有较强的规律性。沧州市围填海质心不断向东南方向移动，说明沧州市围填海开发的重点区域逐步迁移至沧州南部海域。在当前围填海现状下，应注重后续围填海开发活动的合理规划和集约利用。 相似文献
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对一氧化氮在浮游植物中的研究进展进行了归纳,总结了一氧化氮对浮游植物生长的影响,探讨了浮游植物中一氧化氮的产生机制,并对今后的研究重点提出展望。 相似文献
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中国科学院海洋研究所建所70年来，在海洋贝类分类学研究领域取得了长足发展与进步，做出一系列开创性研究成果。本文综述了建所以来我所海洋腹足类分类学研究方面的主要进展，概述了取得的主要科研成果，分析了现代腹足类分类学研究的发展趋势以及面临的挑战，并对今后的发展提出了相应对策和建议。 相似文献
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Long-term fluctuations in fish recruit abundance in the western Wadden Sea in relation to variation in the marine environment 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Philippart Catharina J. M.; Lindeboom Han J.; van der Meer Jaap; van der Veer Henk W.; Witte Johannes IJ. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1996,53(6):1120-1129
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九龙江口红树林区底栖动物体内的多环芳烃 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
2001年8月和11月在九龙江口红树林区采集了6种底栖动物,测定了它们体内16种多环芳烃的含量.紫游螺(Neritina [Dostia] violacea)、黑口滨螺(Littoraria melanostoma)、可口革囊星虫(Phascolosoma esculenta)、弹涂鱼(Periophthalmus cantonensis)、查加拟蟹守螺(Cerithideadj adjariensis)、孔虾虎鱼(Trypauchen vagina)对沉积物中多环芳烃的富集系数均小于1.弹涂鱼和黑口滨螺体内多环芳烃的含量有随沉积物中多环芳烃含量的增加而增加的趋势,但它们的富集系数却有随沉积物中多环芳烃含量增加而减少的趋势.弹涂鱼、黑口滨螺、查加拟蟹守螺和可口革囊星虫体内多环芳烃主要由二环多环芳烃组成,紫游螺和孔虾虎鱼体内分别是四环和五环多环芳烃比例最高. 相似文献
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利用微滤和超滤技术研究了九龙江河口区表层水中铀及其同位素组成的粒级分布和地球化学行为.结果表明,溶解态(<0.4μm)中低分子量组分(<10 000 u)占主要份额,胶体态(10 000 u~0.4μm)238U所占比例不足1%,且随盐度的增加其所占份额逐渐降低.溶解态、低分子量组分和胶体态238U的比活度与盐度之间存在良好的线性正相关关系,证实它们在九龙江河口区呈现保守行为.在颗粒态(>0.4μm)中,各粒级组分238U所占份额主要受控于相应颗粒物的浓度,在盐度小于20的区域,各粒级颗粒组分238U占颗粒态的份额有如下变化次序:10~53μm>2~10μm>0.4~2μm>大于53μm,而在盐度大于30的近外海站位,该次序发生一些变化:0.4~2μm>10~53μm>2~10μm>大于53μm,最小粒级颗粒组分238U的贡献有所增加,反映了自生铀贡献的加强.九龙江河口区表层水中溶解态(包括低分子量组分和胶体态)的234U/238U)A.R.均大于1,显示出234U过剩的特征,而各粒级颗粒组分中的234U/238U)A.R.则接近于平衡值(1.0).这一现象与陆地岩石风化过程中水体对铀的淋滤释出量及234U的优先浸出有关.对232Th/238U质量比的研究显示,溶解态及其所包括的低分子量组分和胶体态的232Th/238U质量比均小于1,而颗粒态及其所包括的4个粒级组分中的232Th/238U质量比均大于1,反映了向外海输送过程中铀、钍地球化学行为的差异. 相似文献
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本文根据现场浮游植物光合作用速率和叶缘素a 的测定值,以及海水光强度的衰减变化,计算了海水消光系数,推导了福建东山湾、罗源湾、厦门西港和闽南-台湾浅滩海域海水消光系数与透明度的经验关系式;讨论了悬浮颗粒对不同深度下浮游植物生长速率的影响。结果表明,福建近岸海域光学参数的差异主要在于悬浮物质的贡献;不同季节,生物活动对光学参数也有所影响。最大光合作用速率一般出现在光衰减为10%～30%,频率分布因子为70%～80%。 相似文献
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To understand the subtle institutional conditions that underlie marine governance, beyond broad conceptualisations of property rights or pre-defined institutional designs, it is necessary to situate governance structures and human interactions within their historical and current social and political context. A two-tiered stakeholder analysis was developed to facilitate this. This analytical tool illuminates divergent perspectives between actors in two marine social-ecological systems in Southern Kenya. Investigating these differences emphasises the variety of historical contexts, social geographies, and current power relations in which different groups are situated. These historical and contextual factors mediate how groups perceive and respond to governance. They, therefore, have important implications for how institutions function. 相似文献
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中国海洋底栖生物学发展回顾与展望* 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
海洋底栖生物是海洋生态系统中的重要组成部分,在底层生态系统的能量流动和物质循环过程发挥着重要作用。我国的海洋底栖生物学经过数十年的发展,取得的许多研究进展和成果,但学科目前发展仍存在很多不足。总体而言,研究力量相对薄弱和分散,仍为相对弱势的一个学科,需成立专门的底栖生物学组织机构(分会),构建一个学科交流与合作的平台,整合业内的研究力量和资源,促进我国底栖生物学的研究与发展。本文分析了学科的现状和发展趋势,阐述了海洋底栖生物学分会在学科发展中的作用,并就未来发展提出了建议。 相似文献
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Fisheries development in northeastern Asia in conjunction with changes in climate and social systems
The status and prospects of fisheries in northeastern Asia are reviewed in conjunction with climate change and social issues. This region has the biggest yield, consumption, and international trade of fisheries products in the world. Due to increasing industrialization and greenhouse gas emissions, higher rates of warming have occurred. The impacts of climate change on fisheries could be detrimental because the main fishery products are small pelagic fish whose biomass fluctuations are sensitive to climate changes. Improvements in the economies of the nations in this region offset the demand for fish products in human diets, and employment in fisheries. It is recommended that fisheries management plans consider both changes in climate and in social systems. Stocks which migrate between national jurisdictions are in need of particular attention. 相似文献
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中国有害赤潮预测方法研究现状和进展 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
根据近几年来有害赤潮研究的进展，介绍了几种有害赤潮预测方法，主要包括：经验预测法，如海水温度变动预测法、海水透明度法、赤潮生物光合活性法；统计预测法，如判别分析、主成分分析；数值模型预测法，如营养动力学模型和种群生长动力学模型。文中提出，鉴于目前各种有害赤潮预测方法的局限性和不确定性，以及有害赤潮灾害预测的迫切性，为了尽快建立起有效和可靠的有害赤潮预测方法，在开展预测方法的同时，必须加强赤潮发生机理研究和赤潮生消过程的现场监测，前者是建立预测方法的理论基础，而后者是预测方法建立的要资料基础。 相似文献
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台湾海峡西部海域软质海底多毛类的生态 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文根据１９８４－１９８５年４航次底栖生物调查资料，首次全面地研究了台湾海峡西部海域多毛类的种类组成，数量分布及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明，该海域多毛类４０４种，习见种１９１种，区系属亚热带性质；平均生物量４．３３ｇ／ｍ＾２，平均栖息密度６８个／ｍ＾２；有沿岸性和外洋性两种明显不同的生态类型，前者位于沿岸水系常年控制海域，种类多，数量较大，后者位于南部粗粒沉积物分布区，种类较少；多毛类高数量区与 相似文献
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浙江近海夏季流场特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了揭示浙江近岸流场特征及沿程变化规律,于2006年和2009年夏季在浙江岸外3个固定点利用ADCP潜标进行了多个潮周期分层海流流速、流向观测。研究结果表明:(1)浙江沿岸流在中北部海域(A和B站位)为旋转流,流向呈顺时针方向旋转,在南部(C站位)涨潮流方向基本为北向,落潮方向为东偏北向;各站位海流在垂向上流向较一致。(2)3个站位垂线平均流速相近(44.4~51.1 cm/s),但平均流速的垂向分布差异明显;各站的最大流速均大于110 cm/s,且均出现在大潮涨急时刻。(3)观测期间,A(北部)、B(中北部)和C(南部)站位平均余流的大小分别为21.9,12.3和22.3 cm/s;受长江冲淡水影响,A和B站位中上层余流为西南向,从中层向底层流向呈逆时针方向偏转,下层流向呈东南向,可能为台湾暖流牵引所致,C站位余流流向在垂向较为一致,均为东北向,主要受季风影响。(4)夏季浙江沿岸流在沿浙江沿岸北上的过程中,在浙江中部(B和C站位中间)逐渐向东偏转(可能受台湾暖流的牵引),流经海域水深变大。(5)在夏季长江径流量偏小时段,浙江中北部近岸海域也存在向南的沿岸流(同冬季),其范围从长江口以南一直至浙江中北部。浙江近岸海流受季风、长江冲淡水和台湾暖流共同制约,但各区域的主要受控因素不同。 相似文献
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Managing overcapacity in small-scale fisheries in Southeast Asia 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Robert S. Pomeroy 《Marine Policy》2012,36(2):520-527
It is now almost universally accepted that most of the nearshore fisheries in Southeast Asia are overfished. It is also accepted that overcapacity is one of the leading causes of this overfishing. The problem of addressing overcapacity in small-scale fisheries in Southeast Asia is much more complex than that of reducing overcapacity in industrial fleets. In order to manage capacity, managers need to measure and understand how much capacity currently exists in the fishery and what is the desirable level of capacity that best meets the set of management objectives. The only feasible solution to overcapacity may be based on a coordinated and integrated approach involving a mixed strategy of resource management, resource restoration and conservation, livelihoods and economic and community development, and restructured governance arrangements. The reduction of overcapacity implies an increased focus on people-related solutions and on communities. 相似文献