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1.
2003年8月、12月,2004年2月、5月对茂名放鸡岛海域进行了浮游生物调查,分析了浮游植物物种组成、优势种及其细胞丰度分布和物种多样性.共鉴定出浮游植物36属57种(硅藻46种,甲藻11种),其中赤潮类生物22种.角毛藻属以及丹麦细柱藻、脆根管藻和尖刺伪菱形藻为全年主要优势种,在早春季节冰河拟星杆藻成为季节性优势种,5月份和8月份角毛藻属以及尖刺伪菱形藻和丹麦细柱藻的细胞丰度在放鸡岛周边局部水域超过107 m-3.放鸡岛海域浮游植物物种多样性指数和均匀度偏低,在合适的条件下,有可能形成硅藻赤潮. 相似文献
2.
研究了辽宁东港鸭绿江口海域赤潮监控区6个测站的浮游植物种类组成、数量分布和群落结构特征.2011年5-10月浮游植物数量变化范围为9.80伊104~3.66伊108个/m3,浮游植物数量高峰出现在春季5月,最低值出现在夏季8月.共发现浮游植物4门33属70种,其中硅藻27属57种,甲藻4属11种,黄藻 1 属 1种,金藻 1 属 1种.优势种为尖刺拟菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia pungens)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、窄隙角毛藻(Chaetoceros affinis)和夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans),均为赤潮生物种.春季5月多样性指数和均匀度指数较低,但优势度指数较高,优势种是尖刺拟菱形藻,成为形成赤潮的潜在生物要素. 相似文献
3.
胶州湾浮游植物群落结构及其变化的初步研究 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
利用2003年胶州湾调查资料，分析了浮游植物群落结构及其与温度和营养盐的相关性。结果表明，胶州湾浮游植物群落主要由硅藻和甲藻组成，生态类型为近岸广布种、温带种和暖温带种以及少数暖水种。浮游植物数量一年中出现2次高峰期，主高峰出现在9月，次高峰出现在2月，低值期在7月和10月至翌年1月期间。浮游植物数量较近几年继续降低，尤其是峰值。浮游植物在春季以角毛藻、丹麦细柱藻、中肋骨条藻和冰河拟星杆藻为优势种群，夏季至秋初暖水性近岸种中华齿状藻、泰晤式旋鞘藻和广温性种星脐圆筛藻占优势地位，而秋季至冬初羽纹硅藻和派格棍形藻逐渐占优势地位，并一直持续整个冬季。溶解无机氮、硅酸盐和磷酸盐与硅藻丰度无明显相关性（R^2〈0．1）。中心硅藻丰度与溶解态无机氮呈线性负相关（R^2=0．4399），而与硅酸盐和磷酸盐无明显相关性（R^2〈0．1）。群落多样性指数与中心硅藻丰度和硅酸盐呈线性相关（R^2=0．3198和0．4443）。 相似文献
4.
2013年春季崂山湾浮游植物群落及其环境控制 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
2013 年春季(3、4、5 月)对崂山湾海域浮游植物群落及其理化环境进行了3 个航次的调查研究。共鉴定浮游植物40 属75 种, 硅藻是调查区主要的浮游植物类群; 浮游植物细胞丰度平均为1.27×106个/m3,3 月份的平均丰度显著高于4、5 月份(P<0.01); 优势种主要为冰河拟星杆藻(Asterionopsis glacialis)、加拉星平藻(Asteroplanus karianus)、密联角毛藻(Chaetoceros densus)和夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans), 浮游植物群落演替明显, 由3 月份硅藻控制逐步过渡到4、5 月份硅/甲藻共同控制; 相对较低的硝酸盐水平是导致4、5 月份浮游植物丰度显著低于3 月份的主要原因; 物种–环境数据的冗余分析(RDA)结果显示, 温度、硝酸盐含量是控制崂山湾春季浮游植物分布的重要环境因子。 相似文献
5.
于2015-05(春季)、2015-08(夏季)对北至北隍城岛、南至蓬莱近岸的庙岛群岛海域进行网采浮游植物调查。样品共鉴定出67种浮游植物物种,其中硅藻60种,甲藻5种,甲藻孢囊1种,金藻1种。该海区春季浮游植物群落优势种为具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata,优势度0.384)、刚毛根管藻(Rhizosolenia setigera,优势度0.319)、冰河拟星杆藻(Asterionellopsis glacialis,优势度0.054)、布氏双尾藻(Ditylum brightwellii,优势度0.021);夏季优势种为高齿状藻(Odontella regia,优势度0.787),庙岛海峡南部海区出现高齿状藻的密集分布区域。夏季浮游植物总丰度是春季的2.17倍。春、夏季浮游植物多样性指数和均匀度指数都较低,且其数量的时间、空间分布变化明显。春季,浮游植物细胞丰度、主要优势种数量、多样性指数、种类丰富度指数的空间分布特征为海区北部高,南部低;夏季与春季相反,为海区南部高,北部低。 相似文献
6.
2014年秋季渤海网采浮游植物群落结构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于2014年秋季在渤海进行的水文、化学和生物方面的综合大面调查，研究了渤海网采浮游植物群落的结构特征，并结合文献资料，分析影响浮游植物群落结构形成的原因。结果显示:2014年渤海秋季共鉴定浮游植物3个门42属96种，其中以硅藻为主，为34属79种，占总物种的82%；甲藻门7属16种，占总物种的17%；金藻门1属1种。其中，角毛藻属的种类最多，共17种；其次为圆筛藻属，共13种。浮游植物总细胞丰度介于(0.71～72.15)×104 cells/m3，平均为13.88×104 cells/m3，硅藻与甲藻细胞丰度比值为2∶1，硅藻在莱州湾的细胞丰度极显著高于其他海区，甲藻在渤海中部海区的细胞丰度显著高于其他海区。浮游植物优势种主要为星脐圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus asteromphalus)、威氏圆筛藻(C. wailesii)、具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)、梭状角藻(Ceratium fusus)和夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)。渤海秋季浮游植物群落多样性水平分布不均，局部海域由于单一优势种过量繁殖多样性降低，低值区分布于辽东湾和渤海海峡海域。与历史同期资料对比，渤海海域浮游植物群落出现明显的物种演替现象，甲藻中的角藻逐渐兴起，其在渤海中部及辽东湾的优势地位已经超过角毛藻属和圆筛藻属，渤海秋季局部海区浮游植物群落结构已经由硅藻控制转为硅藻和甲藻共同控制。 相似文献
7.
2009年夏季乐清湾网采浮游植物群落结构特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用2009年8月(夏季)采集于乐清湾18个调查站位的浮游植物样品,对该海域浮游植物群落的种类组成、优势种及丰度分布、多样性和均匀度等群落结构特征进行了分析,结果表明:乐清湾海域鉴定出的浮游植物共65种,隶属于2门27属,其中硅藻门为23属57种,甲藻门为4属8种。硅藻门以圆筛藻属Coscinodiscus种类为最多,其次为角毛藻属Chaetoceros、根管藻属Rhizosolenia、菱形藻属Nitzschia、斜纹藻属Pleurosigma;甲藻门以角藻属Ceratium种类为最多,其次为多甲藻属Per-idinium。优势种均为硅藻,包括中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum、虹彩圆筛藻Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis、琼氏圆筛藻Coscinodiscus jonesianus和辐射圆筛藻Coscinodiscus radiatus,其中中肋骨条藻占绝对优势。浮游植物丰度分布不均匀,湾内部西岸、灵昆北堤附近和大门岛南部的浮游植物丰度较高,湾内部东岸和乐清湾向东海开口处的浮游植物丰度较低。乐清湾夏季浮游植物丰度的分布主要受硅藻丰度分布的影响,其中湾口向东海开口区域浮游植物丰度的分布受中肋骨条藻丰度分布的影响,湾内浮游植物丰度的分布主要受圆筛藻属丰度分布的影响;甲藻的丰度分布基本上不影响浮游植物丰度的水平分布格局。浮游植物多样性指数(H′)平均值为2.429,均匀度指数(J′)平均值为0.638,两指数均高于2008年夏季杭州湾水平,表明夏季乐清湾浮游植物群落结构组成优于杭州湾。 相似文献
8.
2004年夏季中国南海北部的浮游植物 总被引：24，自引：1，他引：24
报道了2004年夏季南海北部18个大面测站浮游植物的调查结果。应用Utermhl方法初步鉴定出浮游植物4门74属159种,平均细胞丰度为(115.05±438.89)×103个/L(n=91),其中硅藻在物种丰富度和细胞丰度上占绝对优势;其次为甲藻。主要优势种为柔弱伪菱形藻Pseudo-nitzschiadelicatissima、旋链角毛藻Chaetoceroscurvisetus、皇冠角毛藻Chaetocerosdiadema、具齿原甲藻Prorocentrumdentatum和冰河拟星杆藻Asterionellopsisglacialis。调查区浮游植物表层细胞丰度的平面分布从沿岸向外海迅速减少,高值区分布在广东沿岸和珠江口附近海域。同1999年同期资料相比,浮游植物细胞丰度增加1倍,但平面分布趋势相同。调查区浮游植物垂直分布总体特征是由水体表层到底层,细胞丰度逐渐减少。细胞丰度密集区位于水体表层,但是只有S2断面出现了次表层最大值现象,其垂直剖面分布同叶绿素a、铵盐、溶解氧以及盐度密切相关。整个调查区浮游植物的多样性程度是低的。 相似文献
9.
胶州湾是我国的一个典型近海海湾,也是近海生态系统的缩影。历史上胶州湾海域赤潮频发,因此也是研究赤潮暴发机制(包括赤潮物种组成、时空动态变化及对环境因子响应)的理想实验场所。迄今,几代科学家对胶州湾浮游植物和赤潮物种开展了长期而系统的调查研究,获得了大量的研究成果。为了系统跟踪胶州湾海域浮游植物群落组成,尤其是赤潮物种的组成变化,本文对近84年间(1936—2019年)胶州湾海域涉及浮游植物调研的54个调查数据结果进行了系统的统计和比较分析。文献共报道了549种浮游植物,包括硅藻326种、甲藻164种、绿藻21种、金藻9种、隐藻9种、淡色藻6种、定鞭藻5种、蓝藻3种、黄藻3种、下睫虫2种、裸藻1种和针胞藻1种。其中只有不到一半(40.29%)的浮游植物的全长18S rDNA序列得到解析,表明分子标记数据库需要继续完善,促进宏条形码分析的有效应用。胶州湾海域的优势浮游植物随时间的推移发生了较大变化,但是报道的甲藻与硅藻物种数的比例没有显著的变化。统计表明,研究者在胶州湾共鉴定到153种赤潮物种,包括硅藻79种、甲藻67种、定鞭藻2种、金藻2种、淡色藻1种、黄藻1种和针胞藻1种。胶州湾海域的典型优势浮游植物均为赤潮物种,包括中肋骨条藻、短角弯角藻、旋链角毛藻、加氏星杆藻、日本星杆藻、星脐圆筛藻和尖刺拟菱形藻,其中短角弯角藻和中肋骨条藻是胶州湾海域的"常驻"赤潮物种。本文通过系统综述胶州湾浮游植物和赤潮物种的生物多样性,为利用宏条形码和宏基因组等方法跟踪研究胶州湾和其他海域的浮游植物和赤潮物种的演化奠定了基础。 相似文献
10.
2005年夏末渤海网采浮游植物群落结构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用2005年8月渤海4个断面共计42站位的综合外业调查所获资料,分析了浮游植物群落的结构特征.调查共鉴定出浮游植物5门48属114种,其中硅藻31属81种,甲藻13属29种,金藻1属1种,绿藻1属1种,裸藻1属1种(未鉴定到种),还包括1种分类地位不明确的三裂醉藻.渤海各近岸水域的浮游植物物种的分布具有较为明显的分散性,优势种多为硅藻,主要有中肋骨条藻、拟旋链角毛藻、菱形海线藻和旋链角毛藻;甲藻中叉角藻成为优势种.与历史资料比较发现主要优势种发生了演替现象.浮游植物细胞丰度值为5.4×104～23 843.8×104个/m3,平均为1 083.4×104 个/m3,与同期历史资料相比,细胞丰度值较往年偏高;各调查断面细胞丰度值大小依次为秦皇岛附近海域＞辽东湾＞黄河口附近海域＞渤海湾.香农-威纳指数为0.54 ~ 4.18,平均为2.60,渤海湾和秦皇岛附近海域处于较高的多样性水平,而黄河口附近海域次之,辽东湾最低.另外,网采浮游植物群落的多样性随细胞丰度值的对数增加而降低. 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
19.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
20.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献