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1.
青蛤催产的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本研究对青蛤(CyclinasinensisGemlin)进行人工催产,获得大批量成熟卵子,室内人工育苗试验获得成功。1987～1996年,作者分别在启东和大连进行了百余次的催产效果研究,最后筛选出一种特有效的综合催产方法,催产有效率达95%以上。1 材料1.1 亲贝来源在青蛤繁殖盛期,从自然海区内采捕个体完整、健壮,性腺发育肥满的成贝作为亲贝。1987～1992年亲贝取自启东近海乡沿海滩涂;1994～1995年亲贝采捕于大连金州区登沙河乡沿海滩涂;1996年亲贝取自启东盐场水库,重复扩大试验。1.2 容器、水质和其他材料1987～1992年,属初试阶段,用塑料盆和塑料桶作… 相似文献
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彩虹明樱蛤Moerellairidescens人工育苗过程中催产技术的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文报告了彩虹明樱蛤Ｍｏｅｒｅｌｌａｉｒｉｄｅｓｃｅｎｓ在人工育苗过程中的人工催产技术，比较了几种催产方法的催产效果，其中以０．５×１０－３氨海水浸泡刺激效果最好。催产的成功与否与亲贝性腺发育程度关系密切。此外，本文简要讨论了几种催产方法对不同双壳贝类的使用结果，对亲贝生殖腺寄生虫影响亲贝性腺作了简单观察。 相似文献
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斜带髭鲷人工催产技术研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
斜带髭鲷（ＨａｐａｌｏｇｅｎｙｓｎｉｔｅｎｓＲｉｃｈａｒｄｓｏｎ） ,隶属于石鲈科髭鲷属 ,系浅海中下层鱼类。由于其生长速度快、肉质细嫩 ,且市场销路好、价格高 ,近几年深受福建、广东等地广大网箱养殖户的青睐。１９９５年以来 ,一些单位和不少的个体育苗场相继开展了人工繁殖、育苗的研究及开发工作。但有关报道很少 ,在亲鱼培育、催产及人工育苗方面的技术尚不成熟 ,作者于１９９８～２０００年进行了亲鱼的培育及人工促熟催产实验 ,并取得较好的结果。现将研究结果报告如下 ,以期为斜带髭鲷大规模的人工育苗提供有关的基础数据和… 相似文献
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《海洋湖沼通报》2015,(2)
研究了脉红螺(Rapana venosa(Valenciennes)在室内人工投喂条件下的亲螺交配、卵袋产出、孵化、幼虫培育、采苗。结果为:亲螺促熟培育的适宜饵料是四角蛤蜊,在人工促熟条件下每只雌螺产卵量44.57万粒,胚胎孵化率平均为87.4%;在育苗期间,幼虫前期密度为0.2个/mL,后期0.1个/mL,投喂金藻、小球藻、角毛藻,当平均壳高达到1200μm以上时,投放附有底栖硅藻的聚乙烯波纹板采苗效果最好。本文在稚螺培育中主要研究了脉红螺稚螺食性转换和变态过程中的适宜动物性饵料,以及不同处理方法的附着基对稚螺附着的影响,结果表明:经亲螺爬过和附有底栖硅藻的波纹板,附苗效果好;刚附着变态后稚螺除了投喂牡蛎肉糜外,定期向池内投放活的牡蛎受精卵,可以促进稚螺变态和食性顺利转化,成功培育出壳高1.0cm以上苗种。 相似文献
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《海洋湖沼通报》2017,(6)
本文以海大2号长牡蛎新品种为材料,通过强化亲贝金黄壳色选择和人工升温促熟培育,使海大2号长牡蛎亲贝成熟,利用阴干、升温刺激方法诱导产卵;通过控制幼虫密度、投喂新鲜的单胞藻等技术措施,幼虫快速生长发育到眼点幼虫,投放栉孔扇贝壳进行采苗,眼点幼虫的附着变态率达到48%,成功培育出壳高0.5mm以上的壳色金黄稚贝4.68亿粒,单位水体出苗量达到30×10~4粒/m~3。同时进行与普通牡蛎在亲贝促熟培养、幼虫生长发育方面比较实验,海大2号长牡蛎在亲贝促熟培育方面比普通牡蛎发育慢,但幼虫期在生长速度和成活率表现较明显的生长优势和较高的成活率,显示出海大2号长牡蛎新品种生长的优越性。 相似文献
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大珠母贝人工育苗技术的研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
研究大珠母贝人工育苗若干技术,提出一些技术措施：亲贝强化培育促熟,人工诱导排放精卵,优选幼虫,投喂适口的饵料,适时倒池以及投放合适的采苗器等。结果表明,平均单产壳高2-3mm的幼苗8．1万粒／m3,最高可达9．3万粒／m3。 相似文献
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砗蚝(Hippopus hippopus)的人工繁育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
于2016年4—9月开展了砗蚝(Hippopus hippopus)人工繁育技术研究。采用五羟色胺进行催产、促使配子排放;精卵分别收集,进行异体间受精以避免自交;受精卵经过30h孵化,选出600万D形幼虫进行培育。砗蚝的早期生活史与砗磲(Tridacna spp.)相似,经历前期面盘幼虫、中期面盘幼虫、后期面盘幼虫、足面盘幼虫、单水管稚贝、双水管稚贝、外套膜触手稚贝、幼贝等阶段。与砗磲不同的是,砗蚝怀卵量较少,但卵径较大,D型幼虫也较大,幼虫趋光性更强,壳长2.0mm以后外套膜不伸出壳缘外,幼贝贝壳形态也不同于砗磲。同砗磲幼虫一样,砗蚝幼虫需要构建虫黄藻系统之后,才能出现鳃、次生壳等,从而完成变态成为稚贝。砗蚝幼虫变态率较低,仅为1.4%。中间育成期间,丝状藻和锥形螺是稚贝培育的主要敌害,需及时清理才能确保稚幼贝正常生长发育。经过120d的精心饲育,培养出平均壳长6.3mm幼贝500余个。本研究为进一步开展砗蚝人工繁育、中间育成、增殖放流、资源修复及移植保育提供了参考。 相似文献
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大黄鱼（Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｓｃｉａｅｎａ ｃｒｏｃｅａ）人工苗种生产中,所使用的一般是经过人工养殖、强化促熟的亲鱼。这种亲鱼需要用外源激素进行人工催产才能产卵。然而,经催产的成熟亲鱼经常出现有时产卵率高,有时产卵率低,有时甚至因滞产而死亡等,其产卵效果很不稳定,因而不利于生产。有关外源激素剂量对大黄鱼催产效果影响的研究,目前尚未见过报道。本文主要介绍这一试验结果,并就激素含量与卵巢成熟系数之间的关系等进行探讨,旨在为今后大黄鱼及其他鱼类种苗生产提供参考。１材料与方法１．１材料１．１．１亲鱼试验用亲鱼均… 相似文献
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象拔蚌人工育苗技术研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过对亲贝促熟、人工催产、幼虫培育和采苗等技术环节的研究,建立了象拔蚌(Panopea gen-erosa)的人工繁育技术。研究表明,在盐度28~30条件下,受精卵在水温11、13、16oC时发育至D形幼虫所需时间分别为83、60和46 h;在水温16~18oC,经20 d发育至壳长约380μm的壳顶幼虫时出现足和水管原基,进入附着变态阶段。投放附着基后培育约70 d,可生长至壳长5 mm的幼贝。壳长日增长量在D形幼虫阶段为6.2μm,在壳顶幼虫阶段为16.8μm,附着变态后生长速度加快,外形具成体形态。不同附着基的采苗率依次为：细砂>卵石>聚乙烯网片>波纹板。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(11):161-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献