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1.
冲绳海槽北段地磁场特征及其地质解释 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据磁异常的分布特征,冲绳海槽北段可以分成三个异常区：东海陆架边缘异常区、东海陆坡异常区和冲绳海槽北段异常区。在东海陆架边缘区,磁异常以正为主,最大可达＋ ３５０ｎＴ,该区所对应的磁性基底埋深较浅,一般在２～３ｋｍ 。在东海陆坡异常区,除了有ＮＮＥ向展布的负异常外,在此背景上还发育了一些沿ＮＷＷ 向展布的次级异常,推测本异常区的磁异常与ＮＷ 向的基底断裂有关。冲绳海槽北段异常区所在宽缓负异常的大背景下又有几处正异常条带分布,则是在吐噶喇断裂带控制作用下所产生的磁性较强而又不均匀的火成岩体的反应 相似文献
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利用东海及邻域最新的磁力异常数据,分析东海的磁场特征,并利用该磁力数据计算东海的磁性基底界面,分析解释磁性界面的特征及地质特征。研究表明,从陆区、陆架盆地到冲绳海槽中部,磁力异常呈正负相间变化,最大值出现在福建沿海地区;磁性基底深度在4～11km之间变化。从冲绳海槽中部到琉球群岛,磁异常从正磁异常变为负磁异常;磁性基底深度为7～12km之间变化。从琉球弧前盆地到琉球海沟,磁力异常为正负相间变化,中部磁异常为负值,两侧异常为正值;磁性基底深度为7.5～11km之间变化。 相似文献
3.
东海陆架边缘的构造特征记录了有关冲绳海槽张裂过程的关键信息,对于进一步理解海槽的形成演化以及弧后张裂与弧-陆碰撞之间的相互作用至关重要。本文基于多道地震和重磁资料,分析了东海陆架边缘的地形和构造特征,并对冲绳海槽早期张裂过程、北西向断裂带的分隔控制作用、钓鱼岛隆起带南北构造差异和冲绳海槽的向西前展等问题进行了探讨。结果表明,冲绳海槽西侧陆坡存在的分段性,各分段在地形地貌、地层展布和构造特征等方面的不同,体现了其构造演化和现今构造活动性的差异。冲绳海槽中—北段的张裂始于陆架前缘坳陷,在晚中新世向东扩展至整个海槽,晚中新世至今以分散式张裂为主。北西向断裂带对东海陆架边缘不同分段的构造特征和构造活动起到了分隔控制和转换协调作用,控制了不同类型陆坡的形成和发育。受冲绳海槽在全宽度上向西前展的影响,钓鱼岛隆起带南段的基底隆起及其支撑的陆架边缘发生了破坏和沉降,形成基底起伏较大、地形崎岖不平的陆坡。 相似文献
4.
对冲绳海槽及邻区的ΔT磁异常特征进行了定性分析和变纬度化极处理,通过对比ΔT磁异常和化极磁异常分布特征,对冲绳海槽及邻区几个构造地质学问题进行了探讨。冲绳海槽基底埋深较大,沉积中心位于海槽西部;钓鱼岛隆褶带大规模基底隆起的南端终止于渔山-久米断裂带,断裂带以南的东海陆架南部边缘覆盖了厚层沉积物;以渔山-久米断裂带、舟山-国头断裂带和吐噶喇断裂带为代表的NW-NWW向右旋平移断裂带在东海构造演化过程中自西向东逐渐前展,对构造应力场起到了重要的调节作用,是东海"南北分块"构造格局中主要的构造单元边界;中新世以来台湾碰撞造山作用引起了东海陆架南部主要构造单元的顺时针旋转;菲律宾海板块的俯冲对琉球弧前地区的磁异常分布产生了显著影响。 相似文献
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东海陆架前缘斜坡(冲绳海槽西坡)北部的断块隆脊地貌 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
东海陆架前缘斜坡(冲绳海槽西坡)北部的断块隆脊,是呈长条形的脊状台式隆起,位于29°30′N-31°10′N;128°00′E-128°20′E之间。其由NNE向链状排列的断块山地组成,且与NNE向的断裂构造相一致,其顶部水深约300m～400m左右。从实测单道地震剖面看,隆脊的东西两侧均有断层出现。隆脊西坡倾向陆架一侧,坡度大,有的地方坡度超过10°;而东侧坡度较缓,仅1°左右,缓倾至海槽西坡坡底,并以沟坎式与冲绳海槽槽底相连。冲绳海槽地区的构造运动,使隆脊地区受到断裂构造的作用。NNE向的大断裂使该隆脊位置的东西两侧断裂下降而中间抬起,加之下部岩浆上侵,显现出链式排列的断块山地,表现为一条长形的断块隆脊构造地貌体。推测该地貌体形成的时期较晚,它是与断层的发生同时期形成的。 相似文献
7.
冲绳海槽现代张裂的地球物理特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
杨文达 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2004,24(3):77-82
位于东海陆架与琉球岛弧之间的冲绳海槽为板块俯冲作用形成的弧后断陷盆地，具有独特的构造地貌特征。自中新世末以来历经了4个强烈拉张的演化时期，目前已达到张裂的高级阶段。地球物理资料显示，海槽中的现代拉张作用仍在进行，表现在海槽轴部快速沉降形成地堑槽，对称分布的张性断裂，晚更新世—全新世以来的岩浆活动，从老至新排列的磁异常务带以及高地热流、频繁的地震活动等，充分体现了冲绳海槽的现代扩张特点。 相似文献
8.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(1)
冲绳海槽及邻区是强烈的构造活动区,断裂和岩浆岩分布广泛。以1∶100万重磁数据为基础,计算了空间重力异常、布格重力异常和ΔT磁异常的垂向和水平方向一阶和二阶导数,通过对比计算结果,对冲绳海槽及邻区断裂和岩浆岩分布特征进行了研究。结果表明,冲绳海槽发育平行和垂直于海槽走向的两组断裂带,其中垂直于海槽走向的NW、NWW向断裂带为走滑断裂,在东海构造演化过程中长期发育并逐渐向东前展,受不同时期构造应力场变化的影响,走向自西向东发生变化,整体呈现NE向凸出的弧形;岩浆岩呈带状分布,海槽东侧自北向南纵贯海槽的岩浆岩带与琉球火山前锋相对应;与钓鱼岛隆褶带相对应的宽阔岩浆岩带南端终止于27°N的NW向断裂带附近;海槽南段轴部岩浆岩带与海槽现今的扩张活动有关,而陆架边缘和陆坡上部的台北-钓鱼岛火山岩带的构造属性不同于北部的钓鱼岛隆褶带。 相似文献
9.
冲绳海槽及邻区是强烈的构造活动区,断裂和岩浆岩分布广泛。以1∶100万重磁数据为基础,计算了空间重力异常、布格重力异常和ΔT磁异常的垂向和水平方向一阶和二阶导数,通过对比计算结果,对冲绳海槽及邻区断裂和岩浆岩分布特征进行了研究。结果表明,冲绳海槽发育平行和垂直于海槽走向的两组断裂带,其中垂直于海槽走向的NW、NWW向断裂带为走滑断裂,在东海构造演化过程中长期发育并逐渐向东前展,受不同时期构造应力场变化的影响,走向自西向东发生变化,整体呈现NE向凸出的弧形;岩浆岩呈带状分布,海槽东侧自北向南纵贯海槽的岩浆岩带与琉球火山前锋相对应;与钓鱼岛隆褶带相对应的宽阔岩浆岩带南端终止于27°N的NW向断裂带附近;海槽南段轴部岩浆岩带与海槽现今的扩张活动有关,而陆架边缘和陆坡上部的台北-钓鱼岛火山岩带的构造属性不同于北部的钓鱼岛隆褶带。 相似文献
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Norbert J. Schulz Robert S. Detrick Stephen P. Miller 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1988,10(1-2):41-57
Magnetic data collected in conjunction with a Sea Beam bathymetric survey of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge south of the Kane Fracture
Zone are used to constrain the spreading history of this area over the past 3 Ma. Two-dimensional forward modeling and inversion
techniques are carried out, as well as a full three-dimensional inversion of the anomaly field along a 90-km-long section
of the rift valley. Our results indicate that this portion of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, known as the MARK area, consists of
two distinct spreading cells separated by a small, zero-offset transform or discordant zone near 23°10′ N, The youngest crust
in the median valley is characterized by a series of distinct magnetization highs which coalesce to form two NNE-trending
bands of high magnetization, one on the northern ridge segment which coincides with a large constructional volcanic ridge,
and one along the southern ridge segment that is associated with a string of small axial volcanos. These two magnetization
highs overlap between 23° N and 23°10° N forming a non-transform offset that may be a slow spreading ridge analogue of the
small ridge axis discontinuities found on the East Pacific Rise. The crustal magnetizations in this overlap zone are generally
low, although an anomalous, ESE-trending magnetization high of unknown origin is also present in this area. The present-day
segmentation of spreading in the MARK area was inherited from an earlier ridge-transform-ridge geometry through a series of
small (∼ 10 km) eastward ridge jumps. These small ridge jumps were caused by a relocation of the neovolcanic zone within the
median valley and have resulted in an overall pattern of asymmetric spreading with faster rates to the west (14 mm yr−1) than to the east (11 mm yr−1). Although the detailed magnetic survey described in this paper extends out to only 3 Ma old crust, a regional compilation
of magnetic data from this area by Schoutenet al. (1985) indicates that the relative positions and dimensions of the spreading cells, and the pattern of asymmetric spreading
seen in the MARK area during the past 3 Ma, have characterized this part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge for at least the past 36
Ma. 相似文献
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We present magnetic field data collected over the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the vicinity of the Atlantis Fracture Zone and extending out to 10 Ma-old lithosphere. We calculated a magnetization distribution which accounts for the observed magnetic field by performing a three-dimensional inversion in the presence of bathymetry. Our results show the well-developed pattern of magnetic reversals over our study area. We observe a sharp decay in magnetization from the axis out to older lithosphere and we attribute this decay to progressive low temperature oxidation of basalt. In crust which is 10 Ma, we observe an abrupt increase in magnetic field intensity which could be due to an increase in the intensity of magnetization or thickness of the magnetic source layer. We demonstrate that because the reversal epoch was of unusually long duration, a two-layer model comprised of a shallow extrusive layer and a deeper intrusive layer with sloping polarity boundaries can account for the increase in the amplitude of anomaly 5. South of the Atlantis Fracture Zone, high magnetization is correlated with bathymethic troughts at segment end points and lower magnetization is associated with bathymetric highs at segment midpoints. This pattern can be explained by a relative thinning of the magnetic source layer toward the midpoint of the segment. Thickening of the source layer at segment endpoints due to alteration of lower oceanic crust could also cause this pattern. Because we do not observe this pattern north of the fracture zone, we suggest it is a result of the nature of crustal formation process where mantle upwelling is focused. South of the fracture zone, reversals along discontinuity traces only continue to crust 2 Ma old. In crust >2 Ma, we observe bands of high, positive magnetization along discontinuity traces. We suggest that within the discontinuity traces, a high, induced component of magnetization is produced by serpentinized lower crust/upper mantle and this masks the contribution of basalts to the magnetic anomaly signal. 相似文献
15.
冲绳海槽北段的重磁场特征及地质意义 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8
１９９２年之前,国内对冲绳海槽的调查研究主要集中在海槽的中部和南部,而对其北段的调查研究工作却很少。根据实测的重磁异常,较深入地分析了海槽北段的地球物理场特征,构造活动地壳结构及应力状态,结果表明冲绳海槽北段同样具有强烈的地壳构造活动。 相似文献
16.
大西洋中脊Logatchev热液区的地球物理场研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用"大洋一号"首次环球科考获得的地球物理资料,通过对多波束地形和地磁异常的解译,对大西洋Logatchev热液区的地球物理场特征进行了研究,研究结果表明 Logatchev热液喷口位于裂谷东侧的滑塌体上,处于南北地磁正负高值异常中心之间的缓冲带上,新发现的磁异常区与热液喷口区具有相似的特征,推测为未来的热液矿区。区内南西西-北东东和北-南向断裂不仅控制了基底深度和隆坳结构,也控制了超基性岩和热源磁性层的分布,因此它的形成与交叉切割的拆离断层、超基性岩、海洋核杂岩和重力滑塌有关。 相似文献
17.
Bideau Daniel Hékinian Roger Sichler Bertrand Gràcia Eulàlia Bollinger Claire Constantin Marc Guivel Christelle 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1998,20(5):425-458
In August–September of 1995, 20 Nautile dives and detailed magnetic surveys (spaced every 1.8 km) were undertaken on two segments of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between the Oceanographer and Hayes fractures zones. These two segments are only 65 km apart and show strong morphology and gravity contrasts. OH1 is shallower and has a large mantle Bouguer anomaly (MBA) bull's eye, whereas OH3 is deeper and has a smaller MBA bull's eye.Thirteen dives were devoted to segment OH1. The Median Ridge (MR) located on the central high (1700 m deep) is topped by 100 to 300 m high circular volcanoes. The volcanics consists mainly of porphyritic and/or vesicular pillows and volcaniclastics. The NVZ (2200 m deep), located in the valley floor east of the MR, consists of near aphyric fluid lava flows. A chain of off-axis volcanoes, displaying a magnetic continuity with surroundings, extends on both sides of the axis. Three volcanoes on the east side and one on the west side of the axis were explored and sampled by submersible. The off-axis increase of weathering, Fe-Mn coating and magnetic signature suggest that the volcanoes were built at or near the ridge axis. The spacing of NS elongated hills bearing circular volcanoes and separated large magnetic signature (2 to 4 km) depressions suggests that several similar volcanic events occured during the past 2 Ma. The last 1 Ma episode involves (1) the construction of an axial ridge (MR) by fissure eruptions and the formation of circular summit volcanoes by focused volcanism, and (2) the extrusion of fluid magma in the depressions formed by further fissuring and faulting of the MR. 相似文献
18.
通过分析高程异常的扰动源,探究地形均衡扰动物质引起的均衡高程异常,说明全球许多高原地区的高程异常为负值的主要原因在于地球深部的密度异常,而非地球表面突起的扰动物质和相应地壳均衡部分的扰动物质。一般地,地形及均衡部分对高程异常的影响不足以完全反映高程异常的符号,在许多高原地区的高程异常为负值,可能在深层地幔有大尺度负的扰动质量进行补偿。 相似文献
19.
W. R. Roest J. J. Dañobeitia J. Verhoef B. J. Collette 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1992,14(1):1-24
The data from a recent magnetic compilation by Verhoefet al. (1991) off west Africa were used in combination with data in the western Atlantic to review the Mesozoic plate kinematic evolution of the central North Atlantic. The magnetic profile data were analyzed to identify the M-series sea floor spreading anomalies on the African plate. Oceanic fracture zones were identified from magnetic anomalies and seismic and gravity measurements. The identified sea floor spreading anomalies on the African plate were combined with those on the North American plate to calculate reconstruction poles for this part of the central Atlantic. The total separation poles derived in this paper describe a smooth curve, suggesting that the motion of the pole through time was continuous. Although the new sea floor spreading history differs only slightly from the one presented by Klitgord and Schouten (1986), it predicts smoother flowlines. On the other hand, the sea floor spreading history as depicted by the flowlines for the eastern central Atlantic deviates substantially from that of Sundvik and Larson (1988). A revised spreading history is also presented for the Cretaceous Magnetic Quiet Zone, where large changes in spreading direction occurred, that can not be resolved when fitting magnetic isochrons only, but which are evident from fracture zone traces and directions of sea floor spreading topography.Deceased 11 November 1991 相似文献
20.
冲绳海槽中段地球物理场及对其新生洋壳的认识 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
通过对冲绳海槽中的磁场进行分析，在海槽轴部追踪到了线性磁条带异常。另外，在扩张轴附近也拖到了新鲜拉斑玄武岩。重力自由空气异常值较低。根据这是由于深部地幔大幅上升所致。地震剖面及磁力资料显示在海槽轴部有强磁性浅层侵入体及海底山，这些侵入体很可能来自于深部地幔。高温地幔物质上涌在海槽轴部形成高热流、强磁异常、多火山以及热液活动。上述现象说明冲绳海槽中段张裂轴部大陆岩石圈已经破裂，并可能已有新生洋壳形成。 相似文献