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1.
本文对华北半叶紫菜丝状体细胞的凋亡过程进行了初步观察并对这一过程中细胞超微形态的变化进行了研究。结果表明 ,丝状体细胞的凋亡过程是由分枝的端部细胞发生老化开始的 ,老化细胞的细胞内壁增厚 ;细胞核内染色质凝缩 ,核膜溶解 ;色素体片层结构变形、溶解 ;红藻淀粉电子密度显著下降 ,逐渐解体 ;胞浆中出现不规则形态的囊泡、髓样结构和结构特殊的小体 ;随着细胞的趋于凋亡 ,核、色素体、线粒体等细胞器相继溶解消失 ,细胞结构崩溃 ,细胞内壁明显增厚。细胞中的囊泡和髓样结构参与了细胞内壁的形成。本研究首次报道紫菜中存在细胞凋亡 ,并对丝状体细胞凋亡过程的生物学意义及髓样结构的功能进行了讨论 相似文献
2.
《热带海洋学报》2016,(4)
海绵动物是天然活性产物重要的生物来源。近年来针对海绵的研究主要集中在其化合物的分离鉴定和活性检测,而对其本身组织结构和细胞生物学的探索较少。文章采用组织学方法和透射电镜对小轴海绵的结构和原位细胞形态进行了观察和鉴定;通过细胞分离手段,将4种主要类型细胞富集,并进一步对其密度分布、光学特性、内含物、培养特性等进行了全面的检测。结果表明,小轴海绵水沟系为复沟型;具有外扁平细胞层、皮层和髓层结构;主要的细胞类型为小球细胞(A、B)、原细胞和领细胞;两种小球细胞具有较高密度、特殊的荧光和细胞内含物;原细胞和领细胞内含有糖类和脂类能量物质,提取物在可见光区有类胡萝卜素的吸收峰;除小球细胞B外,其余细胞均可富集后培养;领细胞与小球细胞可能存在分化衍生的关系。研究结果为进一步分析小轴海绵细胞分化、活性化合物的代谢通路和细胞培养模式提供了基础依据。 相似文献
3.
用组织学和组织化学方法对菲律宾蛤仔的消化系统进行了研究。消化腺腺上皮由消化细胞和嗜碱性细胞组成。消化细胞呈现蛋白酶、非特异性酯酶、脂酶、酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶活性 ,表明能进行细胞内消化。嗜碱性细胞含丰富的RNA和蛋白质。消化道粘膜上皮由纤毛柱状细胞和少量的粘液细胞组成。晶杆囊基部与肠相连。肠纤毛柱状细胞呈现蛋白酶、非特异性酯酶、酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶活性。 相似文献
4.
针对藻细胞原始图像的特点,将数学形态学中的闭运算、自适应形态面积开运算、形态重构及Canny算子相结合,用于对混杂大量噪声的原始藻细胞灰度图像进行预处理,包括去噪、重建保留原始图像细节信息的藻细胞图像.在预处理的过程中,利用形态边缘检测算子对藻细胞的边缘轮廓进行了检测.实验证明该方法能有效的去噪.所提取的藻细胞的边缘轮廓精确、完整,为后续的特征提取及分类识别奠定了良好基础. 相似文献
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紫球藻细胞破碎方法研究 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
采用反复冻融法和超声波细胞破碎法分别对不同密度的紫球藻细胞进行了破碎研究，并通过细胞计数和藻红蛋白含量测定的手段对两种方法所得细胞破碎效率进行了比较。结果表明，随着冻融温度的降低，细胞的破碎率明显增大，而藻液密度对破碎率的影响较小。超声波法对细胞的破碎率明显高于冻融法，其中占空比和破碎时间两个因素对细胞的破碎率影响较大，在占空比为50％、输出功率为150W和时间20min的条件下，紫球藻细胞的破碎率可达到87.4％，并且随着细胞破碎效率的提高，藻红蛋白的提取量也明显增加。 相似文献
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用组织学和组织化学方法对菲律宾蛤仔的消化系统进行了研究。消化腺腺上皮由消化细胞和嗜碱性细胞组成，消化细胞呈现蛋白酶、非特异性酯酶 、脂酶、酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶活性，表明能进行细胞内消化，嗜碱性细胞含丰富的RNA和蛋白质，消化道粘膜上皮由纤毛柱状细胞和少量的粘液细胞组成，晶杆囊基部与肠相连，肠纤毛柱状细胞呈现蛋白酶、非特异性酯酶、酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶活性。 相似文献
9.
采用CCM、HSM和L-15N 3种培养液对刺参(Apostichopus japonicas)的体腔细胞进行了体外原代培养,并用MTT还原法对细胞的体外存活力进行测定,结果显示:CCM和HSM培养的体腔细胞,在体外分别存活至3 d和6 d大量死亡;L-15N培养液可使细胞在1周内保持存活.用刺参病原菌灿烂弧菌的胞外产物与刺参体外培养细胞共培育,发现对体腔细胞有毒性作用,半致死蛋白质浓度(IC_(50))为27.6 μg/mL. 相似文献
10.
利用牙鲆鳃细胞系分离和培养淋巴囊肿病毒 总被引：1，自引：4，他引：1
本文利用牙鲆鳃细胞系进行了养殖牙鲆淋巴囊肿病毒的分离及培养 ,并通过电镜对培养细胞中淋巴囊肿病毒的形态及感染循环进行了初步研究。将病鱼的淋巴囊肿组织无菌滤液接种牙鲆细胞系 ,细胞出现了明显的细胞病变 ( Cytopathic effect,CPE)。电镜观察在培养细胞的胞质中有病毒的包涵体 ,胞质中散在 6角形、5角形或圆形的病毒粒子 ,大小为 10 0～ 140 nm之间。在感染细胞的线粒体中也存在大量的病毒颗粒。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
17.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
19.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
20.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献