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1.
日本蟳的性腺发育和生殖周期 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对日本蟳(Charybdis japonica)的性腺发育、生殖周期、繁殖习性和性比等进行了研究。根据其性腺的组织学和外部形态特征,将卵巢发育分为6个发育期:形成期、小生长期、大生长期、成熟期、排放期和恢复期;将精巢发育分为5个发育期:形成期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和恢复期。根据成熟系数的周年变化规律并结合性腺组织切片的观察结果,认为在连云港海区的日本蟳性腺发育为1年1个周期,繁殖期为5～9月,交配产卵盛期在5月中旬～6月下旬(水温17.5～23.5℃)。日本蟳为分批产卵类型,但第二批卵的数量远少于第一批卵。雌、雄性腺发育基本同步,雄性发育略快,雌雄比约为1∶1。 相似文献
2.
为了阐明青岛近海长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)性腺发育周期及生化成分周年变化,于2019年4月—2020年3月,对青岛田横岛海区长牡蛎的性腺发育周期、生化成分(糖原、脂肪、蛋白质)的周年变化与环境因子(温度、盐度、叶绿素a)关系进行研究。研究显示,调查区长牡蛎性腺发育周期分为两个阶段:休止期(10—12月)和配子发生期(1—9月)。少部分长牡蛎配子发生于温度较低的1月(5.4℃),随着温度升高配子逐渐发育成熟,在6月温度较高(20℃)和叶绿素a浓度较大(1.67μg·L-1)情况下,配子进入排放期。在配子发生期间,随着配子的成熟,条件指数和卵径在5月达到最大值,在配子排放后降低。生化成分含量为:在冬末春初浮游植物繁殖期间糖原含量储存在长牡蛎各组织中,随着性腺发育,各组织的糖原含量逐渐下降,为配子发育提供能量,这表明贮藏在各组织的糖原是配子发生期间的主要能源物质;性腺-内脏团的脂肪和蛋白质含量随着卵径增加呈上升趋势,产卵后其含量显著下降,表明脂肪和蛋白质与配子发育密切相关。研究结果表明,田横岛海域长牡蛎配子的发育方式为保守种模式。 相似文献
3.
2011年8月至2012年7月,采集广西北海廉州湾红树蚬(Polymesoda erosa)的周年样品进行了性腺发育、生殖周期和胚胎发育研究。结果表明,红树蚬雌雄异体,性别可通过成熟生殖腺颜色区分;1年1个生殖周期,性腺发育可分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和休止期5个阶段,性腺发育两性同步;繁殖期从6月延续到11月,其中7月和10月为繁殖高峰期;肥满度指数最高为5.19%(5月份),最低为1.98%(2月份);繁殖方式为非孵育型,沉性卵,外被一层厚的胶质卵膜,水温26℃时,D形幼虫孵出时间约为27h。 相似文献
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5.
为了开发保护胶州湾菲律宾蛤仔增养殖业,保护菲律宾蛤仔资源,本文利用组织学手段对胶州湾移植底播菲律宾蛤仔的性腺发育及生殖周期进行了研究。通过组织切片观察,确定胶州湾移植底播菲律宾蛤仔除5～6月份为繁殖期之外,9～10月为另一繁殖期。根据性腺细胞在生殖滤泡中的比例,将其第二繁殖期内的生殖腺发育过程分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和休止期五个阶段。结合自然海区调查观测。确定海区水温15℃以上时,蛤仔排放精、卵,且在繁殖盛期至少有两次集中排放的过程。胶州湾移植底播菲律宾蛤仔的性腺发育和生殖周期与自然野生种群的情况基本一致。 相似文献
6.
厦门文昌鱼人工繁殖和幼虫发育及其变态的研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用组织学和胚胎学方法对厦门国家级自然保护区文昌鱼的生殖季节、胚胎发育和幼虫培育进行详细研究,结果表明,自然保护区文昌鱼生殖季节可分为两个繁殖时期,从6月初开始至7月初为繁殖高峰期,8和9月为繁殖小产期.观察人工繁殖得出,文昌鱼(Branchiostoma belcheri)产卵时间在傍晚19:00前后,可以观察到雌、雄文昌鱼的产卵和排精行为:雄性文昌鱼先离开沙,并跃出水面快速游动和排精,接着雌鱼也跃出水面,所有的卵通过破裂的性腺壁进入到围鳃腔并通过围鳃孔到水中受精,受精率在98.5%以上,还观察了文昌鱼幼虫发育并变态为幼鱼(长度为1.05～13.5mm)的全过程. 相似文献
7.
青岛文昌鱼(Branchiostoma japonicus)采自于青岛沙子口海区,在室内进行周年培育。每月采集样品,经测量、固定以及组织切片观察,研究了其周年卵巢和精巢的发育规律。结果表明,室内培育的文昌鱼一周年内全长没有明显变化,仅体质量在繁殖期即其性腺发育至Ⅴ期时有明显增大(P0.05=,精卵排空后则恢复原来体质量。文昌鱼1 a内在夏季6～7月繁殖1次,能自行排放卵和精子,排空后个体的卵巢或精巢,在适宜的条件下,经历Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ期的发育过程,进行下一轮的性腺发育。文昌鱼精巢在Ⅳ期前先于卵巢发育,两者在Ⅳ期前发育都不同步,精巢处于Ⅳ期时间较长,一般从3月持续到5月,而卵巢处于Ⅳ期一般是在4月～5月。 相似文献
8.
根据尖紫蛤Ｈｉａｔｕｌａａｃｕｔａ发育程度，将生殖腺发育过程分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和休止期五个时期。尖紫蛤生殖期在福建省为９—１１月，生殖盛期在１０月．温度是影响性腺发育的主要因素。绝大多数个体为雌、雄异体。雌、雄同体的同一滤泡中，雌、雄生殖细胞分区域分布。较晚期的卵母细胞和成熟卵子的核仁变成双质核仁，组织化学实验结果表明，双质核仁染色深浅的两部分，是由于这两部分蛋白质含量不同的缘故。 相似文献
9.
山东北部沿海四角蛤蜊性腺发育年周期研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了山东省滨州市无棣县马山子海区四角蛤蜊的繁殖周期及其与环境因子的关系。自2007-04～2008-03,每月采集1次样品,同时,测定采样点的水温、盐度和叶绿素a含量。组织学观察结果表明该地区四角蛤蜊全年只有1个主要的产卵季节:7～9月。配子成熟及排放期间,水温和叶绿素a含量均处于较高水平,可为性腺发育提供能量,也有利于幼虫的存活和生长。从配子发生到成熟,卵径逐渐增大,并在产卵前达到最大,产卵后则降低。雌雄个体在数量上存在显著差异(雌∶雄=1.138∶1,P<0.05),雌性略多于雄性,未发现雌雄同体现象。条件指数(软体部干重/壳干重×100)的研究结果显示该地区四角蛤蜊在配子排放后,11月至次年1月间存在1个明显的恢复期,从最低值3.95(10月)逐渐上升至峰值11.95(次年1月)。 相似文献
10.
欧氏六线鱼Hexagrammos otakii Jordan & Starks性腺发育的周年变化研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据对青岛附近水域欧氏六线鱼（已达性成熟年龄）性腺周年宏观和组织学观察，性腺发育可分为：①重复发育Ⅱ期；②开始成熟期；③接近成熟期；④临产期或产卵期；⑤产后期。按性腺指数变化并结合性腺组织切片确定，欧氏六线鱼性腺发育在青岛海区一年一个周期，繁殖期在１０月下旬至１２月，繁殖盛期是１１月下旬至１２月中旬。 相似文献
11.
2005年1月至2007年12月,采用组织学和实验生态学方法对大竹蛏(Solen grandis Dunker)的性腺发育、生殖周期、肥满度、胚胎发育、幼虫发育及变态等进行了研究.结果表明,大竹蛏性腺发育过程分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期、休止期5个阶段;在浙南沿海大竹蛏繁殖期为4月下旬至5月中旬(水温21～24℃);肥满度最高出现在5月份,为31.2%;最低出现在2月份,为21.2%.大竹蛏卵径为85～95 μm;受精卵在水温22℃,经20～24 h孵化成D形幼虫;初孵D形幼虫平均大小为125 μm,浮游幼虫经5～6 d培养进入附着变态期,壳长为250 μm,发育变态为稚贝. 相似文献
12.
Abstract. The reproductive cycle of the comatulid crinoid Nemaster rubiginosa from Discovery Bay, Jamaica is described histologically. The cycle is annual and may be divided into (1) a "resting" phase (summer) in which most adults possess immature, unsexable gonads, (2) a recovery phase (early fall) marked by the re-initiation of gametogenesis and rapid gonadal growth, (3) a breeding phase (late fall and winter) during which the gonads are mature and repeated spawning likely takes place, and (4) a post-spawning phase (spring) during which relict gametes are removed from the shrinking gonads. Although unsexable individuals predominate during the "resting" phase, a small proportion of the adult population is unsexable at all times of the year. The reproductive condition of animals in the same month in two successive years was very similar, suggesting that the timing of reproduction is quite predictable from year to year. The re-initiation of gametogenesis in the early fall is correlated with both rising sea temperature and shortening daylength, and the October to March breeding season corresponds to the period of short daylengths at the study site. The well-defined and synchronized annual reproductive cycle of Nemaster rubiginosa contrasts with the more prolonged and variable reproductive cycles reported for other tropical crinoids and points to a diversity of breeding patterns among tropical crinoids. 相似文献
13.
Abstract. .The reproductive cycle of the brittlestar Ophioderma brevispinum is described using histological and organ index data for a population in Massachusetts, U.S.A. The cycle consists of a one month mid-summer spawning phase followed by gametogenesis and gradual gonadal growth during the winter, and greatly accelerated gonadal growth from May to June. At the end of the spawning season, oogonia proliferate near the base of the ovary, and a continuous layer of spermatogonia lines the testis. As oocytes grow to a maximum diameter of 350 um, yolk granules accumulate and the cytoplasm becomes less basophilic. Prior to spawning, the testis becomes branched and sulcate, and a whorl of spermatozoa produced by columns of spermatids accumulates in the lumen. Comparisons between the reproductive cycles of different populations of O. brevispinum and its congeners support the hypothesis that temperature may be a critical exogenous factor, but definitely not the only factor, in the initiation and duration of the growth and spawning phases of the ophiuroid reproductive cycle. 相似文献
14.
厦门皱瘤海鞘性腺发育的组织学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
皱瘤海鞘雌性同体。性腺组织学观察结果表明，在厦门皱瘤海鞘卵巢和精巢发育和成熟可分为５人时期，在同一人体中，卵巢和精巢的发育不同步，因而不发生自体受精，另外，根据性腺发育的季节性观察，皱瘤海鞘常年都可繁殖，但生殖旺季在６月。 相似文献
15.
Joana F.M.F. Cardoso Johannes IJ. Witte Henk W. van der Veer 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009
Cerastoderma edule and Mya arenaria are two common bivalve species in European waters. Longevity and maximum size are much greater in the latter species. Because comparison of species life-history strategies states that a long life span (i.e. high annual survival) generally goes with lower fecundity, we hypothesise that reproductive output would be lower in M. arenaria than in C. edule. In the present paper, we studied the reproductive strategies of these two species in an intertidal and a subtidal area of the western Dutch Wadden Sea, by following seasonal changes in absolute and relative weights of somatic and gonadal tissues in these bivalves. Starting of spawning was similar in the two species, around May, except for intertidal M. arenaria, which initiated spawning in August. Individual energy investment in reproduction was similar for the two species but, unlike M. arenaria, C. edule spawned completely, releasing all energy of gonadal mass in the form of gametes. Mya arenaria used the gonad not only for reproduction but also for storage. In the intertidal area, we found a trade-off between longevity and reproduction, i.e. maximum reproductive output (expressed as a proportion of body mass) was higher in C. edule than in M. arenaria. However, since body size is larger and life span longer in M. arenaria than in C. edule, mean lifetime reproductive output per individual must be higher in the first than in the latter. Based on the differences in reproductive strategies of these two species, we hypothesise that the negative effects of warming climate on bivalve population dynamics in the Wadden Sea will be stronger in C. edule than in M. arenaria. 相似文献
16.
扁玉螺的生殖腺组织学和生殖周期 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用组织切片和HE染色法,对烟台沿海扁玉螺的生殖腺发育过程进行了观察.根据性腺发育的组织学特征,将扁玉螺生殖腺发育过程分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和休止期5个时期;扁玉螺在烟台沿海每年一个生殖周期,繁殖季节为5月上旬至8月中旬,繁殖盛期为6月上旬至7月下旬.上述研究结果探明了扁玉螺的生殖腺发育规律,丰富了扁玉螺的繁殖生物学资料,对开发利用扁玉螺有着积极的意义. 相似文献
17.
Diopatra neapolitana Delle Chiaje, 1841 (Annelida, Onuphidae) is an important economic natural resource in Ria de Aveiro (northwestern coast of Portugal) and throughout Europe. The species is intensively harvested for use as fresh bait. However, there is only limited knowledge about its life cycle derived from a previous study in Mediterranean Sea. Reproduction and development patterns are known to vary biogeographically, making it important to base management decisions on locally appropriate information. This work examines reproduction patterns for populations from the Eastern Atlantic, which have not previously been assessed, with an eye towards drawing Atlantic–Mediterranean comparisons and informing local management strategies. The study was conducted from May 2007 to April 2009 in Ria de Aveiro. The reproductive biology of D. neapolitana was described from the proportional variation of worms with gametes in the coelom and from the progression of the oocyte diameter. Individuals with gametes inside the coelom were found all year round, but the peak reproductive period occurred between May and August, when almost all individuals had gametes in the coelom and females contained more oocytes than at any other time of the year. The overall male:female ratio was close to 1:1 and the oocyte diameter ranged from 40 to 240 μm. In vitro fertilization was performed and the results compared to other studies. Based on the present results, some protection measures are suggested to implement a sustainable exploitation of the species. 相似文献
18.
利用组织学和超微结构方法,对大连黄海海域的繁茂膜海绵(Hymeniacidonsp.)在自然海域的生长和生殖过程的组织学特征进行了近2a的观察。结果表明:繁茂膜海绵的生长呈现周期性变化,分为4个阶段:复苏期(3～5月)、生长旺盛期(6～8月)、衰退期(9～11月)和冬眠期(12月—次年2月)。繁茂膜海绵可以通过有性生殖进行繁殖,显著生殖期为8～10月,期间可以观察到卵细胞、精细胞囊、胚胎和幼虫。研究结果为深入研究繁茂膜海绵自然生长生殖特点,进而实现海绵组织块的继代培养和人工育种提供实验依据。 相似文献
19.
对青岛文昌鱼卵巢和卵母细胞的发育作了周期性的观察。结果表明,青岛文昌鱼的卵巢和卵的发育,在繁殖季节前并不同步,早在第一年的12月就有卵黄生成期晚期的卵母细胞,而在第二年的6—7月达到成熟、产卵。文章还提出在沙子口的青岛文昌鱼可能有着季节性迁移的习性。 相似文献