共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
2.
动荷载作用下海底粉土的孔压响应及其动强度 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文选用近海分布较广的粉土为研究对象 ,利用室内动三轴试验结果 ,找出动荷载作用下粉土的动应力应变关系 ,分析模拟波浪荷载作用下粉土中的孔压响应、临界循环次数 ,确定波浪作用下粉土的应力状态、破坏临界循环次数 ,判断不同深度处的粉土发生液化的可能性及发生液化所需要的时间 ;研究粉土在动荷载作用下的强度降低 ,为海上工程设计和施工提供科学依据。 相似文献
3.
循环荷载下粉土液化流动特性拖球试验研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
基于流体力学中的Stokes黏滞阻力理论,以振动台试验为基础,开发了一套测量液化过程中粉土流变特性的拖球试验装置。在铺有粉土海床的模型箱内埋设光滑小球,通过测量小球水平运动过程中所受阻力值的大小,计算粉土液化的表观动力黏度,分析粉土液化过程中的表观动力黏度与超孔压比之间的关系,以及液化后表观黏度与应变率的变化规律。试验结果表明,振动台试验下,孔隙压力表现为迅速上升,粉土迅速达到液化状态;振动过程对海床固结影响较大;粉土海床在未达到完全液化状态时（ru<1）,表观黏度随超孔压比增大而减小,在液化状态下（ru=1）,剪应力随应变率增大而减小,粉土呈现出剪切稀化的特点,为典型的非牛顿流体特征。 相似文献
4.
波浪作用下粉质土海床的液化是影响海上平台、海底管线等海洋构筑物安全的灾害之一。在进行构筑物设计中应考虑海床液化的深度问题,而液化土体对下部海床的界面波压力是计算海床孔隙水压力增长以及液化深度的重要参量。本文基于波致粉土海床自上而下的渐进液化模式,利用双层流体波动理论,推导了考虑海床土体黏性的海床界面波压力表达式,并与不考虑黏性时的界面波压力进行了比较分析。结果表明,计算液化后土体界面波压力时,是否考虑液化土体的黏性对结果影响较大,进而可能影响粉质土海床液化深度的确定。 相似文献
5.
海底的粉质土在强烈波浪作用下会发生液化现象。粉质土从液化发生到最后形成流体有其变化的过程。本文针对黄河三角洲的粉质土,进行了波浪水槽试验和现场监测试验,记录了孔压在粉质土液化过程中的变化,给出了波浪作用下粉质土液化过程的速率特征。试验结果给出:海底粉质土在波浪作用下某一深度层的液化发展迅速,水槽试验重塑土用孔压增长速率反映的液化发展速率平均为0.15kPa/min,现场监测原状土液化发展速率平均为0.29kPa/min;水槽试验重塑土和现场监测原状土均出现液化深度自上而下的发展过程,本文水槽试验条件和现场条件给出的液化深度发展平均速率分别为0.01和0.10m/min。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
海底塌陷凹坑是黄河三角洲地区常见的一种地貌现象,广泛分布于近代沉积海床中。虽然目前海底塌陷凹坑形成机理尚未明确,但普遍认为其成因与波浪引起的海床渗流有关。为此,设计模拟波压力的实验装置,对粉土施加40kPa循环水压荷载,研究正常固结粉土在液化渗流条件下的侵蚀过程。试验过程中,粉土液化时产生2种不同的裂隙,即倾斜状的"干裂隙"和水平状的"水夹层";孔隙水从"水夹层"中渗出,把从土样侧壁冲刷下的物质运移至土样表面堆积,形成"泥火山"。试验表明,土体内气泡溢出对表层土的侵蚀具有强化作用;循环荷载产生的孔隙水压力梯度是粉土液化渗流动力,而渗流过程对土的粒径成分具有粗化作用;分析结果表明,波压力引起的海床渗流是长效的作用机制,不同于地震荷载引起的渗流侵蚀。这种侵蚀模式是海底塌陷凹坑形成的主要原因。 相似文献
11.
Models based on the theoretical framework of soil mechanics are presented to evaluate storm wave-induced silty seabed instability and geo-hazards through a case study in the Yellow River delta. First, the transient and residual mechanisms of wave-induced pore pressure are analyzed. Three typical models (i.e., elastic model, pore pressure development mode and elasto-plastic model) are proposed to calculate wave-induced stresses in the seabed. Next, mechanisms and calculation methods of wave-induced seabed instability modes such as scour, liquefaction, seepage instability and shear slide are proposed. Typical results of storm wave-induced excess pore pressure and seabed instability are given and relevant discussions are made. At last, the formation mechanism of geo-hazards in the Yellow River delta is analyzed based on the proposed mechanism and calculated results. Results and analysis indicate that both transient and residual mechanisms are important to storm wave-induced response of silty seabed and hence the elasto-plastic model is more appropriate. Complete liquefaction does not happen, while other types of instability occur mostly within 2–6 m under the seabed surface. Wave-induced scour, seepage instability and shear slide are all possible instability modes under the 1-year storm waves, and scour is predominant for the 50-year storm waves. The formation mechanism of geo-hazards such as shallow slide and storm wave reactivation, pockmarks, silt flow and gully, disturbed stratum and hard crust in the Yellow River are well explained based on the proposed mechanisms and calculated results of storm wave-induced silty seabed instability. 相似文献
12.
粉质土大量存在于黄河水下三角洲地区,粉土液化过程中具有类似流体的性质,可以把液化过程中的粉土视为黏性流体进行研究。基于流体力学中Stokes黏滞阻力原理,在波浪水槽试验基础上,设计了一套测量液化过程中粉土流变特性的拖球装置,并对其实用性进行验证。在铺设有粉土底床的波浪水槽中埋入可以水平滑动的小球,通过拖动小球在粉土中水平运动,测量小球所受阻力值的大小,用以计算液化粉土表观动力黏度。充分考虑试验中波浪要素、超孔压比等因素的影响。结果表明,该装置能够满足试验要求;波浪循环荷载作用下,观察到了孔压的累积至液化的过程;波浪参数对结果有较大影响,其中波高越大,表观黏度值越小;同一波高情况下,表观黏度随时间缓慢增加;随着超孔压比的升高,波浪作用下粉土表观黏度值逐渐减小。 相似文献
13.
Wave-induced liquefaction in a porous seabed around submarine pipeline may cause catastrophic consequences such as large horizontal displacements of pipelines on the seabed, sinking or floatation of buried pipelines. Most previous studies in relation to the wave and seabed interactions with embedded pipeline dealt with the wave-induced instaneous seabed response and possible resulting momentary liquefaction (where the soil is liquefied instantaneously during the passage of a wave trough), using theory of poro-elasticity. Studies for the interactions between a buried pipeline and a soil undergoing build-up of pore pressure and residual liquefaction have been comparatively rare. In this paper, this complicated process was investigated by using a new developed integrated numerical model with RANS (Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes) equations used for governing the incompressible flow in the wave field and Biot consolidation equations used for linking the solid–pore fluid interactions in a porous seabed with embedded pipeline. Regarding the wave-induced residual soil response, a two-dimensional poro-elastoplastic solution with the new definition of the source term was developed, where the pre-consolidation analysis of seabed foundation under gravitational forces including the body forces of a pipeline was incorporated. The proposed numerical model was verified with laboratory experiment to demonstrate its accuracy and effectiveness. The numerical results indicate that residual liquefaction is more likely to occur in the vicinity of the pipeline compared to that in the far-field. The inclusion of body forces of a pipeline in the pre-consolidation analysis of seabed foundation significantly affects the potential for residual liquefaction in the vicinity of the pipeline, especially for a shallow-embedded case. Parametric studies reveal that the gradients of maximum liquefaction depth with various wave and soil characteristics become steeper as pipeline burial depth decreases. 相似文献
14.
A series of regular wave experiments have been done in a large-scale wave flume to investigate the wave-induced pore pressure around the submarine shallowly embedded pipelines.The model pipelines are buried in three kinds of soils,including gravel,sand and silt with different burial depth.The input waves change with height and period.The results show that the amplitudes of wave-induced pore pressure increase as the wave period increase,and decay from the surface to the bottom of seabed.Higher pore pressures are recorded at the pipeline top and the lower pore pressures at the bottom,especially in the sand seabed.The normalized pressure around pipeline decreases as the relative water depth,burial depth or scattering parameters increase.For the silt seabed,the wavelet transform has been successfully used to analyze the signals of wave-induced pore pressure,and the oscillatory and residual pore pressure can be extracted by wavelet analysis.Higher oscillatory pressures are recorded at the bottom and the lower pressures at the top of the pipeline.However,higher residual pressures are recorded at the top and the lower pressures at the bottom of the pipeline. 相似文献
15.
The objectives of this study are carried out a series of controlled large wave flume experiments using fine-grained sediment from the Huanghe River Delta, exploring the complete sequence of sediment behavior in the bottom boundary layer(BBL) during wave-induced liquefaction. The results show that:(1) The BBL in silty seabed is exposed to a progressive wave, goes through a number of different stages including compaction before liquefaction, sediment liquefaction, and compaction after liquefaction, which determines the range and thickness of BBL.(2) With the introduction of waves, first, the sediment surface has settled by an amount S(S=1–2 cm) in the course of wave loadings with an insufficient accumulation of pore water pressure. And a thin high concentration layer formed the near-bed bottom.(3) Once the liquefaction sets in, the liquefied sediment with an ‘orbital motion' and the sub-liquefied sediment form a two-layer-sediment region. The range of BBL extends downwards and stopped at a certain depth, subsequently, develops upwards with the compaction process. Meanwhile, resuspended sediments diffuse to the upper water column.(4) During the dynamics process of the BBL beneath progressive waves, the re-suspended sediment increment ranked as sediment liquefaction erosion before liquefaction compaction after liquefaction. 相似文献
16.
风暴浪导致的黄河口水下土体破坏试验研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文试验利用取自黄河水下三角洲的样品 ,重塑后铺设水槽底床进行水槽试验 ,并利用原状土进行动三轴试验 ,2种试验均测定土体内的孔隙水压力。根据各种情况下孔隙水压力的变化记录 ,表明土体破坏同时其孔隙水压力产生骤变。将本文试验结果与在黄河水下三角洲不稳定区的原位沉积动力学试验孔隙水压力测试结果对照 ,说明黄河三角洲水下斜坡某些土体的破坏 ,未出现波浪循环荷载作用下孔隙水压力积累升高所导致的土体液化破坏 ,而是风暴浪对海底的强切应力作用致使土体产生剪切破坏 相似文献
17.
The evaluation of the wave-induced liquefaction potential is particularly important for coastal engineers involved in the design of marine structures. Most previous investigations of the wave-induced liquefaction have been limited to two-dimensional non-breaking waves. In this paper, the integrated three-dimensional poro-elastic model for the wave-seabed interaction proposed by [Zhang, H., Jeng, D.-S., 2005. An integrated three-dimensional model of wave-induced pore pressure and effective stresses in a porous seabed: I. A sloping seabed. Ocean Engineering 32(5/6), 701–729.] is further extended to simulate the seabed liquefaction potential with breaking wave loading. Based on the parametric study, we conclude: (1) the liquefaction depth due to breaking waves is smaller than that of due to non-breaking waves; (2) the degree of saturation significantly affects the wave-induced liquefaction depth, and no liquefaction occurs in full saturated seabed, and (3) soil permeability does not only significantly affect the pore pressure, but also the shear stresses distribution. 相似文献
18.
Yang Shaoli Shen Weiquan Yang Zuosheng
Assistant The Institute of Estuarine Coastal Studies Ocean University of Qingdao Qingdao . Professor The Institute of Estuarine Coastal Studies Ocean University of Qingdao Qingdao 《中国海洋工程》1995,(4)
The sediment in Chengbei area of the Huanghe (Yellow River) subaqueous delta is the object of a reseach project in this article. The accumulating and dissipating effects following the change of time are considered first in the study area and the distributing curves of excess pore water pressure along with time and depth in the soil stratum are gained; the possibility of silt liquefaction is evaluated using the computing values and the affecting depth of liquefaction is given. This paper quantitatively analyzes the dynamic response of seafloor soil under the cyclic loading of waves and makes an inquiry into the instable mechanism of soil. 相似文献
19.
根据现场大风浪条件下的实测资料,粉质土海岸水体中的含沙量沿垂向具有上部均匀、近底突增的分布特点,即呈L型分布特征。利用黄河三角洲粉质土作为试验底床开展波浪水槽试验研究,揭示了底床粉质土在波浪作用下产生液化情况的水体含沙量沿垂向存在L型分布特征。根据试验现象以及悬沙粒度变化,分析认为底部高含沙层的形成主要受粉质土液化后细颗粒析出的影响,上部水体中悬沙由湍流脉动维持。对粉质土海岸大风天气期间水体含沙量剧烈增加采用波致粉质土液化的观点进行了初步解释。 相似文献