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6种科(Teraponidae)经济鱼类的染色体组型研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用胸腔注射植物血球凝集素(phytohemagglutinin, PHA)及秋水仙素溶液, 取活体头肾组织低渗、固定和空气干燥, 分析比较了(Terapon theraps)、细鳞(Terapon jarbua,/i>)、尖吻 (Rhynchopelates oxyrhynchus)、叉牙 (Helotes sexlineatus)、列牙 (Pelates quadrilineatus)和高体革 (Scortum barcoo)的核型。结果表明, 6种鱼中期染色体均为二倍体, 除尖吻外均未发现异型性染色体、随体和次缢痕。其核型如下: 的核型为2n=48=48t, 臂数: NF=48; 细鳞的核型为2n=48=48t, NF=48; 叉牙2n=48=48t, NF=48; 列牙的核型为2n=48=48t, NF=48; 高体革2n=48=2m+2sm+44t, NF=52; 尖吻 2n=48=4m+2st+42t, NF=52。科这6种鱼染色体均属于典型的高位类群。同时, 将科6种鱼与前人已完成的科其它鱼类的核型进行比较, 发现尖吻的核型出现异型性染色体, 并对尖吻出现罕见的异型性染色体进行分析讨论。除高体革外, 其余5种核型为国内首次报道。 相似文献
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以鳃、肝胰腺、心脏、精巢、成熟卵、各期胚胎及溞状幼体等为材料,采用空气干燥法对日本(女寻)(Charybdis japonica)的染色体数目和核型进行了研究.结果表明,发育期的精巢最适宜进行日本(女寻)染色体计数,用眼点期之后的胚胎和溞状幼体制片,适宜做核型分析.日本(女寻)染色体的数目是2,n=114,n=57.核型分析显示,日本(女寻)有中部着丝粒染色体(m)共计17对(第1～17号),亚中部着丝粒染色体(sm)7对(第18～24号),亚端部着丝粒染色体(st)仅1对(第25号),端部着丝粒染色体(t)共计32对(第26～57号).日本(女寻)的核型公式为:2 n=114=34m+14sm+2st+64t,染色体臂数NF=164,未能发现异形性染色体的存在. 相似文献
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夏牙鲆(♂)与牙鲆(♀)人工杂交的细胞遗传学初步研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
于2004年11～12月在青岛薛家岛养鱼场采用夏牙鲆(Paralichthysdentatus)的精子与牙鲆(Paralichthysolivaceus)的卵子实施了多次人工杂交实验,并进行了父本母本鱼类个体、子代的染色体制片观察和细胞中DNA相对含量的流式细胞仪检测。结果表明,夏牙鲆染色体数为48,核型为2n=48t、臂数NF=48;子代的染色体数和核型与父母本的一样,也为2n=48t;子代的细胞中DNA的相对含量也表明其为二倍体。因此,可以明确其为杂交的后代,而不是雌核发育。 相似文献
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斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)雌、雄鱼核型及Ag-NORs带型分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究斑石鲷雌、雄鱼染色体的形态与结构,本文采用植物血球凝集素(PHA)及秋水仙碱体内注射法,取头肾细胞采用冷滴片结合空气干燥的方法获取了斑石鲷雌、雄鱼染色体的中期分裂相,分别对其进行了常规的吉姆萨和硝酸银染色并进行核型和带型分析。结果显示:(1)雄性斑石鲷核型为2n=47、1m+2sm+44t、NF=50,雌性斑石鲷核型为2n=48、2sm+46t、NF=50。(2)斑石鲷雌、雄鱼染色体相对长度分别为(2.30±0.37)—(6.87±0.42)及(2.28±0.30)—(10.33±0.86),雄性斑石鲷具有一条体型巨大的异形中部着丝粒染色体,其相对长度达到其它染色体的2—5倍。(3)染色体经银染后,发现含有2个Ag-NORs位点的分裂相最多,位点位于一对亚中部着丝粒染色体短臂末端,呈短棒状,且具有活性异形现象。(4)本研究中雄性斑石鲷具有一条异形性染色体,可能是性染色体Y,我们推测其染色体的性别决定类型可能为X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y型。本研究为鲈形目鱼类的细胞遗传学研究提供了基础资料,并将为进一步开展斑石鲷遗传育种等研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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真鲷Pagrosomus major和黑鲷Sparus macrocephalus的核型及Ag—NOR带研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用PHA体内注射肾细胞直接制片法及银染法研究真鲷和黑鲷的核型及Ag—NOR带。指出这两种鱼的核型公式分别为2n=48,2st+46t,NF=48和2n=48,4m+4sm+2st+38t,NF=56。两种鱼的核型中各自唯一的一对亚端部着丝点染色体(st染色体)为典型的具次缢痕的染色体。银染结果显示该次缢痕部位即为银染核仁组织者区域(Ag—Nucleolusorganizer regions NORs),并表现出多态性。同时,在这两种鱼的中期分裂相中普遍观察到了NORs联合现象。此外,还讨论了这两种鱼的亲缘关系和鲷科鱼类中两个类群及其核型的分化问题,认为从细胞遗传学角度看,鲷科鱼类的两个类群在演化过程中是分支进化的。 相似文献
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营口市位于辽宁省的中南部,面对渤海的辽东湾,背依鞍山市平原丘陵,东邻辽东崇山峻岭,西接盘锦市沿海平原,有辽河蜿蜒人海,海岸线绵延曲折。由于受海洋、河流的影响．营口市四季分明,气候宜人,蕴藏着丰富的滨海旅游资源,海蚀景观、地质珍迹、人文景观等资源各显异彩;尤其是海水浴场,条件极为优越,与国际上一流的海水浴场相比．毫不逊色,在某些特征上还稍胜一筹。 相似文献
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A. P. Tolstosheev 《Physical Oceanography》2009,19(6):358-365
A method for the estimation of the results of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting buoys is proposed. It is based
on the comparison of the estimates of power spectral densities for the components of current velocity computed according to
three data sets: the data set of the coordinates of a drifting buoy with a built-in GPS receiver, the data set of coordinates formed on the basis of the first set but with data missing and observational errors
corresponding to the actual trajectory measurements by the Argos satellite location and data collection system by the Doppler method, and the data set of coordinates obtained as a result
of interpolation of the second set. As an example, we consider the procedure of realization of the proposed method and demonstrate
the efficiency of its application for the improvement of the reliability of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting
buoys. 相似文献
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An attempt has been made to estimate the fishery potentials of the EEZ of India on the basis of data on primary and secondary production. The total column primary production and zooplankton production have been calculated to be 265·9 and 9 million tonnes of carbon per year, respectively. From these values the fishery potential has been estimated as 2·5 million tonnes per year. To this, if we add the estimated demersal fish catch, being 1·2 million tonnes per year, the total potential yield comes to 3·7 million tonnes per year. Since the present average total catch is about 1·6 million tonnes in a year, the fish catch could be doubled. 相似文献
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1992年，联合国21世纪议程提出了综合管理的概念，并认为它是海岸管理的最重要目标，而海岸管理的目的就是改进业已存在的管理实践的效率和效果。在21世纪议程的实施过程中，沿海国家面临着巨大的困难，即：为了使综合管理在实践中具有可操作性而建立适合的政府机构。韩国正是在国家范围和次一级区域进行这项工作的实验场所。这项工作的最重要成就是在1996年成立了具有综合协调各涉海部门职能的韩国海洋事务与渔业部（MOMAF）。这篇文章的内容主要来自于这些观察，即韩国政府为建立海岸带综合机制而进行了各种努力，特别是1992年联合国环发大会召开后到1997年初海洋事务与渔业部成立了海岸带管理处这段时间里开展的各种工作，文章重点在于评价在建立海岸带综合机制的过程中综合的概念是如何被应用并被挑战的。文章提出了在东亚地区沿海国家开展合作的可能区域的建议。 相似文献
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天然气水合物地球化学特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
天然气水合物是在低温、高压以及有足够气体供应条件下形成的一种天然气(主要为甲烷)与水组成的似冰状固态化合物。天然气水合物中包含的甲烷碳是全球甲烷资源的重要组成部分,是一种数量巨大的潜在能源[1]。而且由于甲烷的温室效应,天然气水合物分解释放的甲烷进入大气中会严重 相似文献
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I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
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Values of root mean square slope 0 and its variations -0 are estimated using the brightness field of an image of the surface of the sea near a speck of light. When 0 and -0 are defined it is highly important to take into account direct as well as dissipated solar radiation.The space-time analysis of the structure of the image brightness field is performed. This gives an opportunity to estimate dispersion relationship and the running effect of a brightness contrast packet. Comparison of the parameters obtained with the theoretical dispersion ratio of internal waves (IW) allows one to make a conclusion that IW surface manifestations are recorded in a frame.UDK 551.463.5 相似文献
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Yu. D. Chashechkin 《Physical Oceanography》2011,20(5):317-324
The methods of perturbation theory and integral representations are used to analyze the general properties of a system of
equations of the mechanics of inhomogeneous fluids including the equations of momentum, mass, and temperature transfer. We
also consider various submodels of this system, including the reduced systems in which some kinetic coefficients are equal
to zero and degenerate systems in which the variations of density or some other variables are neglected. We analyze both regularly
perturbed and singularly perturbed solutions of the system. In the case of reduction or degeneration of solutions, the order
of the system decreases. In this case, regularly perturbed solutions are preserved (with certain modifications) but the number
of singularly perturbed components participating in the formation of the boundary layers on contact surfaces and their analogs
in the bulk of the fluid, i.e., the elongated high-gradient interlayers, decreases. The interaction between all components
of the currents is nonlinear, despite the fact that their characteristic scales are different. 相似文献