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1.
为了了解海洋双壳类的固碳能力,以紫脲酸铵-萘酚绿B、铬黑T为指示剂,采用络合滴定法对泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)、四角蛤蜊(Mactra veneriformis)、文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)、缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)、虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)和紫贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis)等6种海产双壳贝类贝壳中的碳酸钙含量、碳酸钙和碳酸镁总量进行了测定。6种贝类贝壳中的碳酸钙含量占干重比例介于93.99%~97.35%之间,其中虾夷扇贝的含量最多,紫贻贝的含量最少;碳酸镁含量介于0.61%~1.79%之间,其中紫贻贝的含量最多,虾夷扇贝的含量最少。目前的结果表明,六种贝类均具有较好的固碳能力,基于碳酸钙和碳酸镁总量估算,6种贝类单位湿重固碳力介于0.023 2~0.074之间。 相似文献
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胶州湾双壳类壳体中的Ca,Mg,Mn,Sr元素组成及影响因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨影响双壳类元素组成的可能因素,从胶州湾沿岸不同取样点采集黄海近海常见的菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapesphilippinarum)、褶牡蛎(Oystrea denselamellosa)和紫贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis),分别测量了3种壳体的矿物物相类型和壳体中的Ca,Mg,Mn,Sr元素组成。研究表明:3种壳体分别属于文石质、方解石质和混合质壳;Ca,Mn元素含量在菲律宾蛤仔、褶牡蛎和紫贻贝壳体中没有差别,而Mg元素含量在菲律宾蛤仔壳体中含量较低,在褶牡蛎壳体和紫贻贝壳体中含量较高,Sr元素恰好与Mg元素相反。双壳类壳体中元素组成主要受壳体矿物物相类型的制约,而与水体环境要素之间的关系弱。 相似文献
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紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis)对4种重金属的生物富集动力学特性研究 总被引：21，自引：4，他引：21
应用半静态双箱模型室内模拟了紫贻贝对 4种重金属 (As、Hg、Cd、Pb)的生物富集实验 ,通过非线性拟合得到了紫贻贝富集重金属的吸收速率常数k1 、排出速率常数k2 、生物富集因子BCF、生物学半衰期B1 / 2 等动力学参数。实验海水盐度为 32、温度分别为( 1 2 .34± 2 .2 8)℃和 ( 6.63± 3.1 2 )℃、溶氧量 >6.5mg/L。得到的Hg、Cd、Pb的动力学参数k1为 8.71 2— 30 1 .5 ;k2 为 0 .0 0 942 5— 0 .0 30 64;BCF为 783.4— 1 1 75 4 ;B1 / 2 为 2 2 .62— 73.5 4。比较结果得出 :吸收速率常数k1 及生物富集因子BCF均随着外部水体浓度的增加而减小 ,在平衡状态下生物体内金属含量CAmax随着外部水体浓度的增加而增加 ,且基本呈正相关 ,说明紫贻贝是比较理想的重金属Hg、Cd、Pb污染的指示生物。紫贻贝排出Cd的生物学半衰期要长于金属Hg、Pb、As。 相似文献
5.
本文根据经济贝类污染物残留量调查结果，对辽宁沿岸海域贻贝、菲律宾蛤仔作为重金属、石油污染的生物指示种的可能性进行了初步研究和评价。应用ＰＯＬＹＤＩＶ统计技术对采自辽宁沿岸海域１４个站点样品中的重金属、石油含量进行了统计分析，结果表明辽宁沿岸海域各站点的贻贝、菲律宾蛤仔受Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｄ，Ｈｇ和石油污染与石油污染程度的分布和沿岸排放工业废水的分布及表层沉积物中的含量相一致。据此，贻贝和菲律宾蛤仔可作为监测Ｃｕ，ｍ，Ｃｄ，Ｈｇ和石油污染的生物指示种；可否作为Ｐｂ的生物指示种尚需进一步研究。 相似文献
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不同海产动物和烟台海域不同海区的紫贻贝（Mytilus edulis）对重金属（Cr）富集的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
产于烟台的５种海产经济动物对Ｃｒ的富集存在明显差异。底栖的滤食性贝类（紫贻贝Ｍ．ｅｄｕｌｉｓ、栉孔扇贝Ｃｈｌａｍｙｓｆａｒｒｅｒｉ、菲律宾蛤仔Ｒｕｄｉｔａｐｅｓｐｈｉｌｉｐｐｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）的富集量远远超过自游泳的种类（中华马鲛Ｓｃｏｍｂｅｒｏｍｏｒｕｓｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ，长额七腕虾Ｈｅｐｔａｃａｒｐｕｓｐａｎｄａｌｏｉｄｅｓ）。紫贻贝为理想的海洋重金属Ｃｒ污染的指示动物．烟台海域各海区紫贻贝体内Ｃｒ含量最高，向边远海区逐渐降低。５种海产动物体内Ｃｒ的含量均在食品允许范围之内。 相似文献
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不同海产动物和烟台海域不同海区的紫贻贝（Mytilusedulis）对重金属 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
产于烟台的５种海产经济动物对Ｃｒ的富集存在明显差异。底栖的滤食性贝类的富集量远远超自游泳的种类。紫贻贝为理想的海洋重金属Ｃｒ污染的指示动物。烟台海域各海区紫贻贝体风Ｃｒ含量最高，向国远海区逐渐降低。５种海产动物体内Ｃｒ的含量均在食品允许范围之内。 相似文献
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近年来我国绿潮灾害频发,滤食性贝类对浒苔的生物防控是潜在的防控策略之一。本研究基于实验室内可控实验,探究了长牡蛎(Crassostreagigas)和紫贻贝(Mytilusedulis)对浒苔微观繁殖体的滤食作用,并在江苏如东紫菜养殖区进行了长牡蛎和紫贻贝离底式平挂养殖试验。室内滤除实验结果表明,牡蛎和贻贝均可有效截留浒苔微观繁殖体,平均截留速率分别为6892和1589ind/(ind·h),部分被截留的颗粒失去萌发活性,有效滤除速率为3980和574ind/(ind·h)。现场养殖实验结果表明,长牡蛎和紫贻贝可在紫菜养殖区生长存活,每天约能滤除水体中63.7万个浒苔微观繁殖体。研究证实了两种贝类对微观繁殖体的有效滤除能力及江苏浅滩进行牡蛎和贻贝养殖的可行性。养殖方式的进一步的优化改进,以及研究江苏浅滩其他滩涂贝类对浒苔的防控潜力,还需进一步深入开展。 相似文献
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The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺的检测方法初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究的目的是探索一种检测双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺含量的方法。以栉孔扇贝(Chlamysfarreri)和长牡蛎(Crassostreagigas)为实验对象,研究了取样、抗氧化剂、氧化铝用量以及Tris缓冲液用量等对实验结果的影响。结果表明,高效液相色谱电化学检测器法(HPLC-ECD)可以灵敏高效地对双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺进行定性、定量检测。实验表明,取样时间最长不超过1.5min;还原性谷胱甘肽作抗氧化剂效果较好;前处理各试剂与血样量的最适配比为血样量1.5mL,Tris缓冲液(1.5mol/L,pH8.6)1mL和氧化铝25mg;水洗后离心并尽可能吸干氧化铝中的水分。去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和多巴胺的回收率分别为53%~69%、47%~73%和48%~56%。 相似文献
14.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
为研究黄河入海径流变化条件下河口附近海域盐度扩散特征,以更好地保护河口海域生物资源多样性,本文以黄河下游利津水文站的长序列实测径流数据资料为基础,利用近海水动力模型FVCOM,分析径流变化对黄河口海域盐度的影响规律。结果表明：黄河口与莱州湾之间存在顺时针的环流系统,在余流作用以及涨落潮方向的影响下,黄河冲淡水长期向莱州湾扩散;丰水期黄河冲淡水几乎影响了整个莱州湾,27盐度锋可以到达莱州湾中部,27等盐线的表层包络面积为2 665.61 km2,占莱州湾的1/4左右,枯水期低盐度水只有向南扩散的趋势,27以下的低盐度水集中分布在黄河口门附近,27等盐线的表层包络面积只有199.65 km2;5月份,随着入海径流量增加,27等盐线扩散的范围、距离、方向都会发生明显变化。在对近海生物资源有迫切保护需求的情景下,适当减少其他用水户供水量以增加入海生态径流量,可以有效改善黄河口海域附近的盐度情况,为生物资源的生长繁殖创造良好条件。 相似文献
16.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
17.
The authors have previously determined that the effectiveness and failure pattern of the ice cover caused by flexural-gravity waves generated by a submerged body motion near the bottom ice can greatly depend on the depth of the water area. In its turn, the presence of a ledge on the ice surface may affect a wave propagation pattern. This paper presents an experimental study of the bottom contour influence on the deflection and length of flexural-gravity waves. The authors describe a numerical model for the analysis of the deformed state of ice caused by hydrodynamic loads due to a submarine motion, taking into account the bottom contour. The experiments are carried out in the ice tank. The results of calculations and experiments are compared. 相似文献
18.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
19.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
20.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献