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青岛海洋地质研究所近年来广泛收集了国内外在南黄海海域的地质与地球物理资料 ,对南黄海盆地的石油地质特征进行了系统的研究 ,并应用海洋“863”高科技成果软件——《海上油气资源综合快速评价系统》进行了盆地模拟和资源评价 ,取得了多项创新性的进展。( 1 )广泛应用国内外在南黄海海域及邻区的重磁资料和地震资料 (包括新采集的多道地震资料 ) ,采用综合地球物理解释技术 ,首次编制了全盆地 1∶ 50万的基底构造图、深度构造图、厚度图及沉积相图 ,对盆地的构造区划进行了重新划分 ,为南黄海油气勘查部署打下了良好基础。( 2 )在南黄海北… 相似文献
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最近,国家“863”计划海洋领域“820”主题办公室组织专家,对由国土资源部青岛海洋地质研究所和中科院地质地球物理研究所共同承担的“海上油气资源区域快速综合评价技术”(820-03-03)课题进行了项目验收。认为这项技术可使我国海上无钻孔或钻孔和地球物理资料很少的含油气盆地资源获得早期快速综合评价。该技术系统也为海洋国土资源调查和海域划界提供了高技术支撑,并取得了多项具有创新性的成果: 相似文献
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南海北缘东部盆地油气资源研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
南海北缘东部的珠江口盆地及台西南盆地蕴藏着十分丰富的油气资源，根据区域构造背景、盆地发育分布的特点及中、新生代的油气地质条件，结合含油气构造、油气田、油气井的分布规律，利用油气资源评价的理论、方法，对区内的油气资源进行了综合研究，并按照油气资源状况划分出油气富集区、油气潜力区、油气远景区，在此基础上，再进一步划分出4条油气富集带、11条油气潜力带、8条油气远景带，充分显示了该区石油、天然气的分布规律和油气地质特点，为商业性的勘探开发和理论研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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南海北部陆缘大陆架是新生代含油气盆地的主要分布区，１：１００万广州幅（Ｆ４９）南半幅一海南岛幅（Ｅ４９）范围内包含了北部湾盆地、莺歌海盆地、琼东南盆地、珠江口盆地等。本文是该图幅矿产图及其说明书的基础上系统介绍和油气盆地分布、沉积、油气资源概况，地南海北部陆缘盆地油气资源勘探、远景评价具有重要意义。 相似文献
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采用沉积物、海水等不同介质，应用７种方法在台西盆地某坳陷开展了油气地球化学综合调查。根据指标间的相关性、共生与伴生组合等进行指标分类和统计分析，在地球化学场和场源分析的基础上，结合地质－地球物理资料，圈定３个Ⅰ级异常区、２个Ⅱ级异常区和２个Ⅲ级异常区，为该坳陷油气远景评价提供了可信的地球化学依据。同时，也证实了化探方法和指标海洋油气资源勘探中的有效性。 相似文献
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墨西哥湾盆地是世界著名的油气富集区,也是当今世界油气勘探的重点和热点区域。墨西哥位于墨西哥湾西南侧,油气资源丰富,油气勘探活动始于19世纪,盆地陆上以气为主,海域以油为主。通过对墨西哥北部博格斯(Burgos)盆地的区域构造背景、石油地质条件以及油气成藏模式等进行综合分析认为,盆地构造类型多样,西部发育伸展构造,东部发育挤压构造;烃源岩基础好,发育多套烃源岩;储盖组合发育,储层物性较好;东侧挤压褶皱区构造发育,油气成藏条件优越,具有较好的勘探潜力。 相似文献
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南海曾母盆地油气地质条件及其分布特征 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
通过分析曾母盆地近几十年来的油气田（井）勘探资料和近年来的地球物理调查成果，在研究区域地质、沉积特征与烃源岩演化关系的基础上，论述了曾母盆地的油气地质条件及其分布特征，并总结其分布规律性。 相似文献
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中国海纵跨42个纬度，与8个相邻和相向的国家存在着划界问题。划界谈判关系到国家的主权和权益，而其中更关键的则是资源，特别是海底油气资源。中国海的油气资源丰富，过去40多年地质地球物理工作已发现一系列新生代陆相沉积盆地，现在更进一步认识到前新生代海相残留盆地的存在。尤其是近年世界油气勘探往深水盆地发展的趋势，都已经向地球物理提出更高要求。此外，随着国家经济社会的迅速发展，环境与工程必然向地球物理提出更多的任务和更高的要求。与此同时，从国家安全的角度出发。保卫中国海还必须大力发展军事地球物理学研究。 相似文献
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通过对东海陆架盆地南部海域油气地球化学样品采集、酸解烃类气体和芳烃类指标的分析测试,以及地球化学异常提取,揭示了烃类地球化学指标的异常分布特征,分析了烃类气体的成因类型和深部油气属性,进行了综合地球化学异常分区和含油气性评价。烃类地球化学指标,包括酸解甲烷、酸解乙烷、芳烃及其衍生物总量260 nm和稠环芳烃总量360 nm的异常,主要集中分布在研究区的西部和东部,分别与瓯江凹陷和闽江凹陷相对应。酸解烃类气体组合及甲烷碳同位素组成指示酸解烃类气体异常主要为热成因并遭受了表层氧化,深部油气属性属于干气至凝析油气,以干气为主。根据综合地球化学异常特征,划分了西部综合地球化学异常区和东部综合地球化学异常区。酸解甲烷、酸解乙烷、芳烃及其衍生物总量260 nm和稠环芳烃总量360 nm指标异常在西部综合地球化学异常区均有明显显示,而东部综合地球化学异常区则以酸解烃类气体异常为主,稠环芳烃总量360 nm异常部分分布,芳烃及其衍生物总量260 nm异常只有零星分布。综合评价结果表明,西部综合地球化学异常区含油气性明显优于东部综合地球化学异常区,也就是瓯江凹陷的含油气性好于闽江凹陷。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(11):161-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献