共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 359 毫秒
1.
基于GPS的测高浮标的设计、研制与测试 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
卫星高度计在海洋中的广泛应用,离不开准确的定标工作。高度计海面高度定标主要采用验潮仪法和全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,GPS)浮标法。文中详细介绍了GPS浮标的研制工作,分别对可用于高度计海面高度定标使用的GPS浮标的性能要求、设计、数值模拟计算做了详细研究,采用数值模拟的方法对研制后浮标的性能进行了评价,数值模拟结果表明研制的浮标可以满足海上试验的要求。最后结合GPS浮标测高验证试验,对研制的GPS浮标的测高精度进行了验证,结果表明研制的GPS浮标精度能够满足高度计海面高度定标的要求。 相似文献
2.
基于ＧＰＳ技术的新近研究成果，本文主要论述了ＧＰＳ信号在以下四方面的应用：（１）精确测定海洋测高卫星的运行轨道，为全球海洋学研究和灾害性海况信息探测提供数据处理基准；（２）建立陆地一海洋大地测量基准，为海洋划界和海洋国土建设奠定基础；（ ３）建立海底大地测量控制网，为海底工程建设和海底动力学研究提供测量基准，（４）测定海洋平台等海上设施的实时位置，确保海上设施的动态平衡。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
锚泊式浮标中的ＧＰＳ测量值（德国，德国ＦＡＦ默尼黑大学，天文物理测地学研究所（ＩＡＰＧ），ＧｎｔｅｒＷ·Ｈｅｉｎ，ＨｅｌｍｕｔＢｌｏｍｅｎｈｏｆｅｒ，ＨｅｒｂｅｒｔＬａｎｄａｕ，ＥｄｕａｒｄａＴａｖｅｉｒａ）１引言１９８９年初期，ＩＡＰＧ建议ＥＳＡ／... 相似文献
6.
7.
《海洋测绘》2002,(6)
综 述卫星测高原理及其应用 (1— 5 7)卫星测高在确定地球重力场中的应用 (2— 5 9)卫星测高在海洋学中的应用 (3— 5 8)卫星测高在海洋测绘中的应用 (4— 5 8)多波束测深系统的现状与发展趋势 (5— 3)沿岸水深测量技术方法的探讨 (6— 6 0 )海洋测量卫星测高资料在反演海底地形中的应用 (1— 3)南海海底地形的卫星测高数据反演 (1— 8)天津港精密水深测量的实现 (1— 30 )多波束系统的参数误差判断及校正 (1— 33)海洋测深中时移和偏移效应综合分析与改正 (2— 9)南海海域岛屿高程基准确定与计算 (2— 14 )磁偶极子磁场空间分布模式 (2— … 相似文献
8.
卫星测高在确定地球重力场中的应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
根据测高所得的几何量与地球重力场物理量之间的关系，探讨了卫星测高数据在确定地球重力场参数中的应用，主要包括利用卫星测高数据确定海洋大地水准面、确定海洋重力异常和改善地球重力场模型。 相似文献
9.
高度卫星定轨精度对其测高精度数据在海洋应用中的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
卫星测高术是７０年代发展起来的一项新技术，到目前为止国外已陆续发射了七颗载有高度计的卫星，高度计卫星定轨的精度对测高数据的应用有很大影响，本文概述了卫星高度计测高数据在海洋应用上的一些结果、影响轨道的因素、测轨方法和轨道精校正方法，最后根据现有卫星轨道校正数据得到卫星轨道误差与校正精度的关系式，据此分析了轨道计算误差地卫星高度计测高数据在海洋应用中的影响。 相似文献
10.
国内外海洋资料浮标技术现状与发展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
海洋资料浮标是长期连续进行海洋监测的主要手段之一。本文简单介绍了国内外海洋资料浮标技术的现状与发展及浮标在我国海洋监测中的应用情况,提出了我国资料浮标技术的研究与发展设想。 相似文献
11.
大洋海区海-气CO_2通量单参数遥感算法的适用性检验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用卫星遥感技术的优势,基于LDEO数据库的全球海表二氧化碳分压（PCO2）及海表温度（SST）等实测数据,初步建立东太平洋海区PCO2与SST的单参数经验算法,并采用相同区域的独立实测数据检验.结果表明,单参数算法在寡营养大洋海区具有良好的适用性,反演值与实测值之间的均方根误差（RMS）为0.51 Pa（1 Pa=9.869μatm）,由此估算出2003年6月该海域CO2通量为-1.4 mmol/（m2.d）,与实测估算的碳通量基本相符,能够很好地反映出海区CO2源汇特征.将该遥感算法运用到西大西洋海域（15°~25°N,60°~75°W）,反演值与实测值之间均方根误差（RMS）为0.69 Pa.检验结果表明,在寡营养大洋海区,单参数遥感算法具有一定的适用性,在受相似因子调控的同纬度海区可以使用同一遥感算法. 相似文献
12.
大亚湾微表层和次表层海水营养盐的研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
根据1998年秋季（10、11月）、1999年春、秋季（4、5、10月）5个航次对大亚湾海区微、次表层的调查结果，分析了微表层海水对氮、磷、硅营养盐的富集概况，讨论了营养盐与环境因子的关系。结果表明：大亚湾海区微表层海水对氮、磷、硅营养盐均有富集作用，因海况及季节不同，富集因数（EF）与其他海区的有所差别；无论夏季或秋季，大亚湾海区微表层海水中无机氮都以NH4－N为主要存在形态；其余水层则以NO3－N为主要存在形态。结果还表明，微表层、次表层海水中NH4－N与BOD5、COD测值都呈高度显著正相关，与PO4－P和SiO3-Si含量均无相关，说明大亚湾海区水中含氮有机物较含磷有机物丰富。 相似文献
13.
海表二氧化碳分压(pCO2)是指海洋表层水和大气之间的二氧化碳(CO2)交换处于动态平衡时CO2的含量, 是描述海-气CO2交换的一个主要因子。本文利用2008—2014年覆盖南海大部分海域的海表pCO2观测资料, 结合现场海表温度和海表盐度以及卫星观测的叶绿素a数据, 构建了基于多元线性回归方法的分区域反演模型。模型在水深浅于30m的区域均方根误差为5.3μatm, 其余海区均方根误差为10.8μatm, 与前人基于个别航次的有限区域反演结果的均方根误差相当。利用该模型公式和HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model(HYCOM)再分析海表温、盐数据及MODIS-Aqua卫星观测的叶绿素a数据进行反演, 得到了时空分辨率为5'×5'的2004—2016年的逐月南海海表pCO2数据。该数据能较好地反映南海海表pCO2在海表温度影响下, 春夏高、秋冬低的季节变化特征, 与前人基于航次观测的研究结果相似, 表明反演模型具有较高的可信度。进一步分析发现, 南海及邻近海域平均海表pCO2具有显著的准十年振荡特征: 2012年附近出现了极小值, 之前表现为降低的趋势, 之后略有升高的趋势。受海表pCO2的影响, 南海海盆平均海-气CO2通量在2012年之前出现了显著降低的趋势, 表明南海释放到大气中的CO2减少, 并在2007年之后的冬季出现了负值(从碳源变为碳汇), 2012年之后变化较为平缓。热带太平洋年代际振荡引起的南海区域海表盐度变化是造成海表pCO2及海-气CO2通量准十年变化的主要原因。分区分析的结果表明, 南海北部海表pCO2变化最为显著, 在南海海表pCO2的季节和准十年变化中都起到非常重要的作用。 相似文献
14.
One possible technique to validate the observations of altimeter missions is the comparison with sea-surface heights measured by tide gauges. In our investigation, we compared observations of the two tide gauge stations, Sassnitz and Warnemünde, which are located at the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, with sea-surface heights obtained from the altimeter missions Geosat, ERS-1, ERS-2, and TOPEX/Poseidon. For this purpose, the compared sea-surface heights were related to a common reference system and extrapolated to a common location. GPS observations, leveling data, regional geoid information, sea-surface topography, and postglacial rebound were included in the analysis. Considering the uncertainties of all model components, a more reliable estimation of the error budget (source, type, and magnitude of the errors) was performed. The obtained absolute altimeter biases are (-243 - 32) mm for Geosat, (467 - 19) mm for ERS-1, (76 - 19) mm for ERS-2, and (13 - 18) mm for TOPEX. 相似文献
15.
The effect of raindrops striking water surface and their role in modifying the prevailing sea-surface roughness is investigated. The work presents a new theoretical formulation developed to study rain-induced stress on sea-surface based on dimensional analysis. Rain parameters include drop size, rain intensity and rain duration. The influences of these rain parameters on young and mature waves were studied separately under varying wind speeds, rain intensity and rain duration. Contrary to popular belief that rain only attenuates surface waves, this study also points out rain duration under certain condition can contribute to wave growth at high wind speeds. Strong winds in conjunction with high rain intensity enhance the horizontal stress component on the sea-surface, leading to wave growth. Previous studies based on laboratory experiments and dimensional analysis do not account for rain duration when attempting to parameterize sea-surface roughness. This study signifies the importance of rain duration as an important parameter modifying sea-surface roughness. Qualitative as well quantitative support for the developed formulation is established through critical validation with reports of several researchers and satellite measurements for an extreme cyclonic event in the Indian Ocean. Based on skill assessment, it is suggested that the present formulation is superior to prior studies. Numerical experiments and validation performed by incorporating in state-of-art WAM wave model show the importance of treating rain-induced surface roughness as an essential pre-requisite for ocean wave modeling studies. 相似文献
16.
John Hardy Steven Kiesser Liam Antrim Alan Stubin Richard Kocan John Strand 《Marine environmental research》1987,23(4)
The sea surface is an important habitat for the developmental stages (eggs and larvae) of many fish and invertebrates; it is also a concentration point for anthropogenic contaminants entering the sea. Studies were conducted to determine the extent to which the sea surface of Puget Sound was toxic to the early life history stages of fish. Three urban bays with suspected contamination, a rural reference bay, and a Central Sound site were compared. Surface-dwelling eggs and organisms (zooneuston) were collected with a surface-skimming neuston net and their densities enumerated. Sand sole (Psettichthys melanostictus) embryos were exposed in the field and laboratory to the sea-surface microlayer. To develop a useful year-round approach to monitoring sea-surface toxicity, larval development of anchovies, kelp bass, and sea urchins was also evaluated as an indication of sea-surface microlayer toxicity.During the spawning season (February and March), urban boys in Puget Sound had lower concentrations of sand sole eggs and neustonic organisms on the sea surface than did the rural bayor Central Sound reference sites. Compared to the reference sites, laboratory exposure to surface microlayer samples collected from urban bay sites generally resulted in more chromsomal aberrations in developing sole embryos, reduced hatching success of sole larvae, and reduced growth in trout cell cultures. In situ hatching success of sole eggs was reduced by half or more in urban bays compared to reference sites.Toxicity was associated with visible surface slicks and, in urban bays, increased with increasing surface pressure (dynes cm−1). Results to be reported separately (Part II) indicate that toxicity is strongly correlated with the presence of high concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals in the sea-surface microlayer. The toxicity of SMIC samples was similar when evaluated by sole, anchovy, kelp bass, or sea urchin tests. A sea-surface monitoring program could use sea urchin embryos to evaluate site-specific sea-surface toxicity throughout the year. 相似文献
17.
The paper is devoted to the results of the study on sea-surface wind field remote sensing using 8-12 GHz broad band radar scatterometer. Principles and techniques of remote sensing with broad band scatterometer are described. Variations of microwave scattering coefficients on sea surface with different frequencies and incident angles at different polarization and wind velocity are given and the correlationship between scattering coefficients and wind speeds. The result shows that the research is valuable.lt provides data and basis for remote sensing of the sea-surface wind fields with broad band radar scatterometer. 相似文献
18.
The generation, variation, and disappearance of the thermohaline front at the mouth of Tokyo Bay were investigated using water
temperature data obtained by a commercial ferry boat in 1987. The thermohaline front was generated south of Kan-non-zaki in
mid November 1987 after the beginning of sea-surface cooling. It moved northward to Kan-non-zaki until the end of the year.
The thermohaline front was most intense in February and March and disappeared in late March 1987 when sea-surface warming
began. 相似文献
19.
To retrieve sea-surface salinity (SSS) from radiometer data at 1.4 GHz, auxiliary data of sea-surface temperature (SST), surface roughness and meteorological variables are needed. The authors study oceanic passive polarimetric microwave remote sensing using 1.4 GHz and 10.7 GHz bands. A set of algorithms are developed for 1.4 GHz and 10.7 GHz microwave polarimetric radiometer at 50° incidence angle to retrieve wind vector, as well as other geophysical parameters, such as SSS, SST, atmospheric volumes of water vapor and liquid water. Idealized retrievals are conducted using 2324 simulated brightness temperatures of full Stokes parameters at 1.4 GHz and 10.7 GHz. Results indicate that SSS, SST, sea-surface wind speed, direction, atmospheric volumes of water vapor and liquid water can be inversed at the same time. This suggests an alternative way for SSS remote sensing. 相似文献
20.
2007年春季季风转换期间, 在北部湾湾口两站利用潜标观测获得了80余天的流速剖面等资料序列.结合NASA喷气推进实验室物理海洋学数据分发存档中心提供的QuikSCAT海表面风场数据, 以及NOAA国家气候数据中心提供的海表面温度数据, 利用交叉谱分析方法对观测期间两站余流结构及其影响因子进行分析.结果表明: 1) 春季季风转换时期, 北部湾风场北分量具有周期为10d左右的震荡.风的输运造成密度场结构出现相应的震荡, 从而会引起密度流的变化.2) M4站余流主要由风场控制, 水体向北部湾内输运.3) M5站表底层余流差距较大, 整层余流均受到了风的直接影响, 而表层还受到了由风引起的密度流变化的影响, 因此风通过两种方式影响了M5站的余流. 相似文献