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1.
《海洋地质前沿》2015,(7)
歧南断阶带侏罗系储层内部结构复杂,具有强储层非均质性,储层发育特征及影响因素一直制约着该区勘探。通过对岩石类型、储层物性特征、储集空间类型及孔隙结构的分析证实,研究区侏罗系为一套富含火山碎屑物质的近源沉积,发育多套煤层;储层物性以中孔低渗为主,发育低渗背景下的优质储层,孔隙结构分析表明不同孔隙结构储层在孔隙度方面相差不大,渗透率相差较大;储集空间以溶蚀形成的次生孔为主,多为长石及火山物质溶蚀;有利的沉积因素,多期次多类型的溶蚀作用是本区形成优质储层的主要因素,研究区煤系地层的存在有效地增加了有机酸浓度,在促进溶蚀作用进行的同时,减少了碳酸盐矿物的胶结;此外储层中大量发育的火山碎屑物质在酸性流体下易于溶蚀,增强了储集物性,但其也降低了岩石抗压能力,对储层物性的影响具有双面性。 相似文献
2.
古近系深层砂岩储层是目前惠民凹陷主要的勘探目的层,研究其储层特征及控制因素对凹陷内勘探井位的部署有着重要的指导意义.经过研究,区内沙三段和沙四段砂岩储层物性较好,属于中孔-中渗透性储层,其余层位储层物性较差,多属于低孔-中低渗透性储层.储层性质主要受到沉积条件、压实作用、胶结作用及溶蚀作用的控制,其中压实作用对储层物性影响最大,然后依次是溶蚀作用、沉积条件和胶结作用. 相似文献
3.
中国大陆架的沉积物分区 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10
刘锡清 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1990,10(1):13-24
本文试图根据底质类型和水动力环境，并参与沉积物物理、化学、生物特征及堆积地貌等因素，对中国东部及南海北部陆架沉积物进行分区。并将沉积区具体划分九个类型，即：①大河口外泥质沉积区、②沿岩流泥质沉积区、③小环流泥质沉积区、④陆架泥质沉积区、⑤浪控砂沉积区、⑥潮控砂沉积区、⑦残留砂沉积区、⑧现代混合沉积区、⑨改造混合沉积区。这样更清晰地揭示了底质类型与沉积环境的关系及沉积物分布规律。 相似文献
4.
为解决渤海P油田注水开发过程中逐渐暴露出的注水井吸水不均衡、注入水单层突进、储量动用不均衡等问题,以搞清剩余油分布及指导油田井网优化。通过对压力变化、水淹状况、生产干扰情况及储层沉积、储层展布等方面的分析,对河流相多层砂岩油藏储层连通性及控制因素进行了研究。认为不同沉积类型条件下,馆陶组辨状河沉积储层连通性优于明化镇组曲流河沉积,相同沉积类型中,沉积规模广、砂体呈垂向叠加,且夹层不发育的储层连通性好。可见,研究区储层连通性主要受沉积类型、沉积规模、砂体叠加模式及夹层展布的影响。 相似文献
5.
钻井揭示庙北地区沙一段储层物性较差,该区是否发育优质储层直接影响着下一步的勘探决策。综合利用壁心、薄片、地震、钻井及分析化验等资料,分析储层特征和影响因素,探讨了优质储层分布,分析表明,庙北地区沙一段为低孔、低渗—特低渗储层,储集空间为粒间溶孔和粒内溶孔。碱性水体条件下的碳酸盐矿物强胶结、扇三角洲边缘相带和黏土矿物向伊利石的转化是导致储层物性差的主要因素,溶蚀作用是控制优质储层发育的决定因素。受沉积相带、溶蚀强度及异常高压等条件控制,同沉积断层下降盘的扇三角洲主河道区和水下隆起带上的碳酸盐岩浅滩为优质储层发育的有利区。研究成果对于该区油气勘探具有重要的参考意义。 相似文献
6.
周军良胡勇耿红柳赵军寿陈红兵 《海洋地质前沿》2016,(12):26-32
渐新统沙河街组二段为渤海海域A油田的主力低渗产油层,弄清储层的物性特征及其控制因素对该区有利区带的优选及后期调整方案的制定具有重要指导意义。利用6口取心井的岩矿分析、薄片鉴定、扫描电镜、粒度、常规物性等分析化验资料,在厘清沙二段储层特征的基础上,从沉积、成岩、构造3个方面对沙二段低渗储层物性的控制因素进行了系统研究。研究区沙二段储层以岩屑长石砂岩为主,具有中等成分成熟度、中等胶结物含量的特征,储集空间以混合孔隙为主,储层为中孔—低渗储集性能。原始沉积条件中储层粒径、分选、泥质含量等控制了沙二段储层物性的好坏;成岩作用中压实和碳酸盐胶结是沙二段储层低渗的主要原因,有机酸溶蚀对储层物性有一定的改善作用;构造活动对沙二段储层物性的改善作用较弱。该研究成果为该区沙二段相对高渗区块的优选及调整井的部署提供了依据。 相似文献
7.
近百年来黄河改道及输沙量变化对山东半岛泥质楔沉积物粒度特征的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对山东半岛泥质楔柱状样进行沉积物粒度分析，并在210Pb测年基础上结合黄河年输沙量、悬浮泥沙粒径、河口位置及沿岸流强弱替代指标等数据研究近百年来黄河改道及输沙量变化对远端沉积区沉积特征的影响。研究结果显示，研究区沉积物粒度的变化是黄河入海泥沙特征和沿岸流等水动力作用共同影响的结果。1884–1939年及1947–1999年，研究区沉积物粒度特征的变化主要受到沿岸流强弱的影响；1939–1947年及1999–2012年，受1938–1947年花园口决堤以及20世纪90年代末以来黄河年输沙量持续偏低致使源区泥沙不足的影响，沉积物粒度相对粗化，与沿岸流强度的相关性减弱。与黄河入海泥沙近端沉积区不同，研究区粒度特征对黄河尾闾改道事件不敏感，且对花园口决堤及年输沙量低于临界值的响应有一定程度的延迟，这与该区沉积物经历了再悬浮过程及中间复杂的物质混合有关。黄河改道及输沙量变化仍然是远端沉积区沉积特征演化不可忽视的因素。 相似文献
8.
9.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(2)
对取自南海南部的153个表层沉积物样品,进行了粒度、粒度参数计算和Q型聚类分析,探讨了表层沉积物的粒度分布特征、沉积类型及影响因素。结果表明,研究区沉积物主要粒级组分为黏土和粉砂,底质类型主要为泥,还有粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂和粉砂,平行于等深线基本呈带状分布;结合Q型聚类分析结果,研究区沉积物可分为外陆架及陆架坡折区粗粒沉积物(砂和粉砂)和陆坡区细粒沉积物(泥)两类,500m等深线是两类沉积物的分界线;对比粒度分析结果,判定两类沉积物属于不同成因类型,外陆架及陆架坡折区是现代沉积和残留沉积的混合沉积,陆坡区是现代沉积;影响南海南部表层沉积物粒度分布的主要因素是物源、水动力条件、水深与地形及洋流。 相似文献
10.
商河地区为自北向南成明显阶梯状分布的多级构造调节带及多级坡折带,受其构造特征影响,储层特征也表现出明显的规律性。通过对商河地区大量储层物性数据的统计,结合镜下薄片观察发现商河油田具有同一层位,自北向南,商一区、商二区、商三区、商四区储层物性依次变差的特点;而对于同一地区,整体上自上向下随深度增加储层物性逐渐变差;同一层位不同沉积微相的储层具有不同的物性特征,三角洲前缘河口坝砂体储层物性最好,水下分支河道较好,而远砂坝、席状砂砂体储层物性相对较差。经综合研究分析认为储层特征主要受沉积相及成岩作用共同影响,储层成岩作用主要受地层埋深的影响,而由于商河地区的分界大断层主要为同沉积断层,地层厚度和沉积相分布主要受同生断层活动的影响,因此构造作用的同沉积断层是商河地区储层物性的主要控制因素。 相似文献
11.
从沉积环境背景出发,通过岩心观察、薄片鉴定和扫描电镜分析等方法对江汉盆地潜江凹陷马王庙地区古近系新沟嘴组下段储层成岩作用做了系统的研究.研究表明马王庙地区新下段沉积时期盆地处于干旱蒸发—氧化环境的Ⅰ型沉积环境和半干旱—潮湿弱氧化—弱还原环境的Ⅱ型沉积环境,相应地发育两种储层,经历了两种成岩类型,受其相应的地层水影响,成岩作用差异较大.Ⅰ型成岩作用以胶结作用更显著,对储层孔隙起破坏作用,其较好储层发育受断裂带控制;Ⅱ型成岩作用以溶解作用为主,对储层具有建设作用,成藏面积广,其储层物性相对较好.该认识为深入研究该区成岩作用规律奠定了基础,也有助于油区进一步勘探开发. 相似文献
12.
Reservoir characterization based on geostatistics method requires well constraints (e.g. seismic data with high quality) to predict inter-well reservoir quality that is conformed to geological laws. Nevertheless, the resolution of seismic data in multiple basins or reservoirs is not high enough to recognize the distribution of different types of sand bodies. In this paper, we propose a new method to improve the precision of reservoir characterization: reservoir modeling with the constrains of sedimentary process model and sedimentary microfacies. We employed stratigraphic forward modeling, a process-based method, to constrain the reservoir modeling in one oil-bearing interval of the third member of Eocene Shahejie Formation in J-Oilfield of Liaoxi Sag, Bohai Bay Basin.We divide reservoir modeling into two orders using different types of constrains. In the first order, we use the simulated shale model from stratigraphic forward model that is corrected by wells data as a 3D trend volume to constrain the reservoir sand-shale modeling. In the second order, different types of sedimentary microfacies in the sandy part of the model are further recognized and simulated within the constrains of sedimentary microfacies maps. Consequently, the porosity, permeability and oil saturation are modeled under the control of precise sedimentary microfacies model. The high-resolution reservoir model shows that the porosity, permeability and oil saturation of distributary channel is generally above 20%, 10md and 50%, respectively, which are much higher than that of other types of sedimentary microfacies. It can be concluded that comparing to other types of sedimentary facies, distributary channel has better physical properties and more oil accumulation in the fan-delta front and therefore is the most favorable zones for petroleum development in the research area. 相似文献
13.
通过对莱州湾凹陷区域构造地质背景、岩石学特征、沉积环境等分析,认为莱州湾凹陷南部地区古近系沙三下亚段的地层埋藏浅,广泛发育湖相碳酸盐岩与陆源碎屑岩的混合沉积,混合沉积特征主要为结构混合和互层混合。考虑到混积岩成分和成因的复杂性,本文在岩心、壁心观察、铸体薄片鉴定、荧光薄片鉴定和扫描电镜分析的基础上,对莱州湾凹陷南部地区混积岩样品进行了X-射线衍射分析和岩石有机质中碳氢氧元素分析,分析了碳酸盐岩和陆源碎屑岩混积的岩石学特征。结果显示:莱州湾凹陷南部地区浅层沙三下亚段混积岩中陆源碎屑平均含量为60.5%,碳酸盐矿物含量为28.2%,属于碳酸盐质陆源碎屑岩,混积岩主要为泥灰岩、灰质砂岩和砂质白云岩。其中,碎屑矿物主要以细-粉砂级石英为主,碳酸盐矿物主要为泥晶方解石;粘土矿物组合主要为伊蒙混层,其次为伊利石、高岭石和绿泥石;且三者呈均匀混合的特征。同时通过铸体薄片、扫描电镜和储层流体包裹体观察,综合分析成岩作用表明,埋藏浅的沙三下亚段混积岩储层主要经历了压实、压溶作用、溶蚀作用、胶结交代作用,其中胶结交代作用较强,而研究区压实、压溶作用对比渤海湾盆地大部分埋藏较深的古近系地层都弱,储集空间以原生粒间孔为主,其次为粒内溶蚀孔和微缝。压实、压溶作用弱和溶蚀作用强是研究区沙三下亚段储层物性好的主要原因。 相似文献
14.
在已了解的松辽盆地登娄库—永安地区构造和沉积演化特点的基础上,利用现有钻井的岩心资料、测井资料和地震资料,对该地区的成藏模式特征从运移方式和生储盖空间组合两个方面上进行了研究和分类,分析了各自形成的主控因素.研究表明,该区域地层具有断坳双层结构,按油气运移类型划分,在断陷期主要发育两种油气成藏模式,分别为原生油气成藏模式和次生油气成藏模式;在坳陷期主要发育次生油气成藏模式和混生油气藏.从储层与烃源岩的空间组合上来看,区域内主要发育有上生下储、下生上储和自生自储这三种油气成藏模式.形成这些不同成藏模式的主要因素是该区深至基底的大型断裂构造和继承性断裂、反转构造以及固有沉积环境等. 相似文献
15.
应用室内实验与数值模拟两种方法,系统地研究了底水稠油油藏人工隔层形态展布及其影响因素.室内物理模拟实验利用人造岩心,定性、定量地分析了不同沉积特征、不同注入隔层介质速度、体积和黏度下隔层形态特征,并应用数值模拟方法,对比验证了室内研究结果.结果表明：不同沉积特征形成的隔层形态有明显区别,针对不同沉积特征地层应采取不同的堵水措施;注入速度越小越好,但考虑到凝胶固结的时间和施工作业可以适当提高注入速度;改变注入凝胶浓度,对隔层形态的影响较大,注入凝胶的浓度越高、黏度越大,纵向上隔层厚度也越大;注入体积越大形成的隔层半径和厚度越大,但整体形态相似. 相似文献
16.
The processes involved in the interaction between organic fluids and carbonates, and the resulting effect on reservoir quality during the evolution and maturation of organic matter remain unclear despite the fact that these processes influence the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of carbonates. Here, we provide new insights into these processes using data obtained from a detailed analysis of a mixed dolomitic–clastic and organic-rich sedimentary sequence within the middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in the Junggar Basin of NW China. The techniques used during this study include drillcore observations, thin section petrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis, and carbon and oxygen isotope analyses. Oil grades and total organic carbon (TOC) contents represent the amount of oil charging and the abundance of organic fluids within a reservoir, respectively, and both negatively correlate with the whole-rock δ13C and δ18O of the carbonates in the study area, indicating that organic fluids have affected the reservoir rocks. Secondary carbonates, including sparry calcite and dolomite overgrowths and cements, are common within the Lucaogou Formation. Well-developed sparry calcite is present within dark mudstone whereas the other two forms of secondary carbonates are present within the dolomite-rich reservoir rocks in this formation. Comparing thin section petrology with δ13C compositions suggests that the carbon isotopic composition of matrix carbonates varies little over small distances within a given horizon but varies significantly with stratigraphic height as a result of the development of secondary carbonates. The net change in whole-rock δ13C as a result of these secondary carbonates ranges from 1.8‰ to 4.6‰, with the secondary carbonates having calculated δ13C compositions from −18.6‰ to −8.5‰ that are indicative of an organic origin. The positive correlation between the concentration of Fe within matrix and secondary carbonates within one of the samples suggests that the diagenetic system within the Lucaogou Formation was relatively closed. The correlation between δ13C and δ18O in carbonates is commonly thought to be strengthened by the influence of meteoric water as well as organic fluids. However, good initial correlation between δ13C and δ18O of whole rock carbonates within the Lucaogou Formation (resulted from the evaporitic sedimentary environment) was reduced by organic fluids to some extent. Consequently, the δ13C–δ18O covariations within these sediments are not always reliable indicators of diagenetic alteration by organic fluids or meteoric water.The characteristics and δ13C compositions of the sparry calcite within the formation is indicative of a genetic relationship with organic acids as a result of the addition of organic CO2 to the reservoir. Further analysis suggests that both carbonate and feldspar were dissolved by interaction with organic CO2. However, dissolved carbonate reprecipitated as secondary carbonates, meaning that the interaction between organic fluids and dolomites did not directly improve reservoir quality, although this process did enhance the dissolution of feldspar and increase porosity. This indicates that the δ13C and δ18O of secondary carbonates and their influence on whole-rock carbonate isotopic values can be used to geochemically identify the effect of organic fluids on closed carbonate-rich reservoir systems. 相似文献
17.
Drilling has shown that there is a large petroleum reserve in the Liushagang Formation of the Fushan Depression, South China Sea from reservoirs of the sublacustrine fans. To reduce the risk associated with exploration, the sedimentary characteristics of the sublacustrine fans should be identified and described. Analysis of the drilling cores, well data and 3D seismic data was conducted to identify and interpret the sublacustrine fans which formed in a lacustrine succession as the low-stand fan of the 2nd member of Liushagang Formation (SQEls2). The reservoirs were commonly associated with pebbly conglomerates, mudstone shivers, muddy debris, various deformation structures including micro-faults, liquified deformation structure, ball and pillow structure, slump and stress-release deformation. Further contrastive analysis of sedimentary characteristics and palaeogeomorphology between the western and eastern sublacustrine fans indicates that they belong to two different types of sublacustrine system in continental basins. More specifically, the western fan, controlled by the multi-level step-fault belt, is a typical gravel-rich sublacustrine system which is characterised by structurally controlled, high gradient (2.8–3.3°), admixtures of muddy debris and pebbly conglomerates and poor reservoir quality, while the eastern fan, controlled by the flexure slope-break belt, is a sand-rich sublacustrine system dominated by relatively low gradient (2.0–2.5°), general fining-upwards trend with good reservoir quality. Therefore, the development of future exploration should be conducted at different levels in the Fushan Depression. 相似文献
18.
依据构造样式和沉积特征将济阳坳陷陡坡带分为板式、铲式、断阶式、坡坪式4种类型。断阶式和坡坪式陡坡带砂砾岩扇体类型多,成藏条件优越,各类油气藏发育完全,在纵向上组成较完整的油气藏序列。板式和铲式陡坡带砂砾岩扇体主要为近岸水下扇,其次为扇三角洲,油气藏类型单一,在纵向上油气藏序列发育也不完整。此外,板式陡坡带由于断裂不发育,沉积相带窄,油气相对贫瘠。油气在断阶式中最为富集,其次为坡坪式和板式,铲式相对贫乏。 相似文献
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应用地震储层预测技术检测薄层一直是地震技术中的难题之一,薄层展布能否检测受很多因素影响。以平湖油气田某薄层油藏为例,应用模型正演及与实际地震反射特征对比的方法研究了该薄层油藏地震响应特征,应用地震瞬时属性预测了薄层平面展布。结合沉积背景及单井相分析认为,该薄层为小型河流三角洲沉积体系,沉积相带分布清楚。预测结果与实钻结果吻合良好,为油藏经济有效开发奠定了基础。 相似文献