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基于DPSIR模型的三亚市海岸带生态安全评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《海洋湖沼通报》2021,(4)
海岸带生态安全是海洋经济发展的依托和基础。本文从海岸带复合生态系统角度出发,基于DPSIR模型,筛选26个指标以构建三亚市海岸带生态安全评价指标体系,利用综合指数法对三亚市2014—2018年海岸带生态安全状况进行评价。三亚市这五年的海岸带生态安全情况总体向好,稍有波动,等级依次为危险、较危险、预警、较安全、安全;从准则层构成来看,研究区驱动力指数呈现不断上升趋势,压力指数呈现"下降—上升—下降"的发展趋势,影响、状态、响应指数发展趋势相同,均为先上升,后有所下降。建议通过发挥政策导向、优化产业结构、完善旅游管理方式提高三亚市海岸带生态安全水平。 相似文献
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江苏海岸带生态环境脆弱性及其评价体系构建 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
海岸带对于人类社会和经济的发展至关重要,全球经济财富大部分产生于海岸区域,但海岸带由于受到多种作用力的交互影响,客观上存在各种灾害频繁、生态环境脆弱等问题.分析海岸带生态环境的脆弱性问题,构建海岸带生态环境脆弱性评价框架,对开展生态环境保护、自然资源的合理开发和促使海岸带环境经济协调发展具有重要科学意义.从海岸带自然发展状态和人类活动两方面分析了江苏省海岸带生态环境脆弱性的特点.由于江苏海岸带平缓及淤泥质特征,随着全球海平面上升,海岸带侵蚀加剧,潮滩淹没面积增大.人类活动对海岸带生态环境的影响更直接更明显,滩涂围垦和工农业生产带来的污染危害日益凸显,使江苏海岸带生态环境呈现出明显的脆弱性.针对江苏省海岸带生态环境的脆弱性,构建了"压力-状态-响应"评价模型,设定海岸带自然环境特点和人类活动两大因素作为压力指标,海岸带在承受此两方面压力下,其生物多样性、生态系统及潮滩等呈现相应的发展状态,针对这种发展状态,提出了应对措施,从而构建了该评价模型.运用层次分析法,从海岸带自然条件和人类经济活动两方面,共选取反映海岸带地质地貌、土壤植被、水文气象和海岸带区域经济社会发展状态的15个指标,初步建立了江苏海岸带生态环境脆弱性评估指标体系.结合江苏省海岸带生态环境脆弱性特点和脆弱性评估指标体系,提出了保护海岸带生态环境的建议:(1)建立海岸带综合管理体系;(2)加强自然保护区建设;(3)采用工程修复和生态修复海岸带生态环境;(4)加强海岸带污染物排放管制. 相似文献
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基于DPSIR模型的山东半岛蓝色经济区海洋生态可持续发展能力综合评价 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
山东半岛作为我国最大的半岛,其地理位置决定了海洋生态可持续发展对其的重要性。本文使用DPSIR(驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应)模型,结合社会经济和自然生态两个方面搭建指标体系评估其蓝色经济区生态可持续发展能力。结果表明:山东半岛承受的社会经济压力正不断增大。海洋生态系统综合状态评价值为0.53,其中海水、沉积物质量及生物综合评价值分别为0.22、0.19及0.123,生态环境现状不容乐观。影响和响应评价值分别为2.5和4.3,海洋灾害的影响范围较大,危害程度较深,但海洋管理部门在面对生态环境变化时的反应较为迅速、有效。 相似文献
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文章在综述了海岸带综合管理(ICZM)的发展和我国ICZM的必要性和意义的基础上,根据海岸带的特性和海岸带管理长期以来存在的不足,提出了海岸带综合管理的七个原则。 相似文献
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1 信息在ICZM中的效应 海岸带综合管理(ICZM)不同于传统的管理方式,它促进了人们对每岸带特有的自然资源及其在人类各种活动影响下可持续利用的了解,丰富管理者的知识。同时,ICZM通过综合环境、社会和经济信息,使海岸带资源系统的综合利用达到最优化。 在ICZM的实践中,如果缺乏必要的信息,将被视为影响ICZM进程的障碍因素。此外,ICZM的特点之一,它不是对资源利用的直接管 相似文献
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以生态系统管理为工具开展海岸带综合管理 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文从海岸带和海岸带综合管理的几大特征出发 (包括海岸带的中心地带———海 陆生态交错带、海岸带综合管理需要解决的主要问题———生态环境危机、海岸带综合管理的管理对象———社会 经济 自然复合生态系统等方面 ),提出生态学应成为海岸带综合管理的主要科学依据,海岸带综合管理应遵循并且充分运用生态学的理念和方法;文章通过对生态系统管理与海岸带综合管理的比较分析,指出生态系统管理正是生态学中有助于海岸带综合管理的最佳工具,海岸带综合管理应以生态系统管理为基础,并进一步阐述了生态系统管理在海岸带综合管理规划中的具体运用. 相似文献
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海岸带综合管理作为沿海区域实现可持续发展目标的重要途径,对沿海地区科学有效地利用海岸带资源具有重要意义。本文从国家、省、市三个层面分析了我国当前海岸带综合管理制度现状和实践状况,提出了在海岸带综合管理立法缺失、权属不清、海陆统筹不能兼顾、海岸带规划与评价不足、管理技术亟待升级、海岸带基础数据尚不完备等制度方面存在的问题;基于国内外对海岸带综合管理的经验和实践,从加快海岸带立法、完善海岸带规划、协调综合管理、兼顾陆海统筹、提升管理技术、加强管理效果评价以及夯实基础信息等方面提出海岸带综合管理制度进一步完善的措施和建议,为进一步提升我国海岸带综合管理工作提供参考。 相似文献
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L. Ernoul 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2010,53(11):711-716
Integrated coastal zone management has evolved in practice and in the literature to implicate and advocate for public participation. Public participation has been proposed to open debate, contribute to policy formulation, increase government accountability, build support for agency programs, reduce community tensions and increase the sustainability of the actions. This study analysed the success of three integrated coastal zone management projects based on 8 process and output indicators. Public participation does not seem to have had an impact on the overall project objective nor on the sustainability indicators. These results bring us back to the initial concept of ICZM based on horizontal and vertical integration, and suggest that projects promoting ICZM need to be adapted to each specific cultural and political context. Long-term sustainability and natural resource management will only be achieved when the projects and activities are adapted to meet the reality on the field. 相似文献
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Chen Bin Huang Hao Yu Weiwei Zheng Senlin Wang Jinkeng Jiang Jinlong 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2009,52(12):612-619
Marine biodiversity conservation is a common issue in the world. Due to rapid economic development in coastal area in China, marine biodiversity conservation faces great pressure. In this paper, the idea of the integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) was applied as a framework in marine biodiversity conservation. At first, the relationship between integrated coastal zone management and the marine biodiversity conservation was discussed. Then, as a case study in Fujian Quanzhou bay, a set of strategies on marine biodiversity conservation based on ICZM were put forward, which included how to define management boundary of marine biodiversity conservation, the impact assessment model of human activities in the coastal area on marine biodiversity, the planning and management of marine biodiversity conservation, and the monitoring system of the marine biodiversity. Finally, the framework of the comprehensive decision support system based on GIS was suggested. 相似文献
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基于管治理念的区域海岸带综合管理模式探究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海岸带综合管理(Integrated Coastal Zone Management,即ICZM)是一种能够协调多方利益冲突,并以实现海岸带资源配置最优化和公共利益最大化为目标的管理方法。以区域海岸带综合管理模式为研究对象,在分析地方海岸带综合管理存在问题的基础上,通过对西方管治理念的引介,构建了一个强调协调和融合的区域海岸带综合管理新模式,并对该模式的组织构成、管理计划的制定、冲突的解决、计划的实施和反馈以及管理模式有效运作的保障机制作了系统的阐述,以期推动海岸带地区的可持续发展。 相似文献
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Pino González-Riancho Marcello Sanò Raúl Medina Oscar García-Aguilar Jurgi Areizaga 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2009,52(11):545-558
The purpose of this paper is to assess the level of implementation of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) principles in the Mediterranean developing countries at the moment of signing the protocol on ICZM for the Mediterranean, in the framework of the UNEP Mediterranean Action Plan of the Barcelona Convention. This assessment is based on the results of two advanced seminars on ICZM promoted by the Azahar programme of the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation for the Development (Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation). The contribution of the participants of the seminar, who are representatives of national agencies related with ICZM in different Mediterranean countries, have been collected through a questionnaire including: (i) a ranking of the main coastal sectors and the main coastal issues of each country; (ii) significant initiatives for the sustainable development of the Mediterranean coastal zones; and (iii) the evaluation of the ICZM progress. The state of the coast, the level of implementation of ICZM and the main problems faced to apply it, have been detected for each country. None of the consulted countries have a full implemented integrated coastal zone management, the major problems being: (i) the lack of financial commitment for the implementation of ICZM; (ii) the lack of an assessment and monitoring system; (iii) the lack of knowledge regarding the coastal system; (iv) the lack of qualified human resources; and (v) the lack of public participation and administrative integration strategies based on information. From these conclusions, some recommendations to improve ICZM are also provided. The work presented in this paper is the starting point to assess the evolution and the reference from which ICZM will be improved through the protocol on ICZM for the Mediterranean. 相似文献
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E. Koutrakis A. Sapounidis S. Marzetti V. Marin S. Roussel S. Martino M. Fabiano C. Paoli H. Rey-Valette D. Povh C.G. Malvárez 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2011,54(11):821-830
Member States of the European Union and the Mediterranean Regional Sea need to elaborate national strategies for coastal management according to ICZM principles and to undertake national stock-taking, which must consider major actors, laws and institutions influencing the management of their national coastal zone. However, different approaches to coastal management and defence and various degrees of development and implementation of national ICZM strategies can be found. The research presented in this article aims to analyze the different situations and to contribute to the further development of a common approach in terms of methodology to establish stakeholder and users participation in ICZM. An extensive survey was conducted in five pilot sites along the European Mediterranean coastal zone (Greece, Italy and France) show beach visitors’ perception of ICZM, coastal erosion and coastal defence systems, and beach visitors’ Willingness To Pay (WTP) for beach defence. The survey yielded important information for coastal and beach managers. Surprisingly, the level of awareness about generic Coastal Zone Management was found to be rather low in all regions except Riccione Southern beach, Emilia-Romagna Region. In the Languedoc-Roussillon Region, this is justified by the fact that most of the respondents were not local people or beach visitors (other than recreational day-visitors). As regards coastal erosion it appears significant that, despite the lack of awareness demonstrated overall by stakeholders in the Region of East Macedonia and Thrace, visitors respond very positively to definitions and show awareness of the erosion process in their coastal system. In conclusion, in order to raise public awareness about ICZM, erosion and coastal defence systems, it is suggested that education, training and public awareness should be promoted as well as identification of local needs for the implementation of specific demand-driven studies. 相似文献
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Maria Falaleeva Cathal O'Mahony Stefan Gray Margaret Desmond Jeremy Gault Valerie Cummins 《Marine Policy》2011
Coastal environments are susceptible to a range of impacts arising from medium and long-term climate change. However, as Ireland's population and industrial centres are concentrated in coastal locations, Ireland's coastal communities will be particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Therefore, making the best use of existing knowledge to inform the establishment of governance structures capable of facilitating the measures and actions which may soon be required is a national imperative. Coastal communities worldwide have turned to integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) as a process to deliver sustainable development. This paper explores how experience gained from ICZM implementation can be harnessed to inform the development and implementation of climate adaptation policies, with a particular focus on the coastal zone. Using the principles and conceptual basis of Earth System Governance – an emerging approach to analyse complexity of governance under global environmental change – the paper maps the architecture of ICZM and climate governance in Ireland. The research identifies the main barriers to, and opportunities for, integrated application of the two policy domains. Barriers include the fragmentation of governance structures and responsibilities of key stakeholders, a lack of coordinated support for ICZM implementation at the national level, and a relatively weak awareness of the specifics of adaptation at the local level. Opportunities include the availability of expertise gathered from phases of ICZM implementation in Ireland, which encompasses mechanisms for science-policy integration, and invaluable experience of stakeholder participation and interaction. Current political and scientific support at national and EU levels give an additional impetus to climate research and actions which may bring additional opportunities and resources to coastal governance in Ireland. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2014
Coastal areas are characterised by the choice of performance measures and/or reference points which may be critical in the environmental management process, determining the success of an Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) plan. The tools for the strategic control of ICZM plans are particularly important, although they are still not widely used at the local level. The following paper proposes the use of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) method of Kaplan and Norton (1992), which is a holistic management performance tool that can be used by managers to put into action their business strategy. In particular the methodology has focused on the use of a BSC process, inspired by the Niven (2003) approach for public bodies. The BSC suggests the creation of a framework for the strategic assessment of plans and projects based on the Protocol on Integrated Coastal Zone Management in the Mediterranean (Protocol). An analysis of the Protocol has been carried out according to the BSC model, and it shows how it can be integrated with assessment and environmental management tools, such as the Driving forces, Pressures, States, Impacts and Responses (DPSIR) framework. The proposed process has suggested a novel framework for analysing the ICZM plans of coastal managers and stakeholders. The analytical framework facilitates the examination of Drivers and causes of the ICZM strategy, the possible impact on society and coastal communities, the most appropriate measures to achieve the objectives and the practicalities of implementing such measures given the institutional context of where these are developed. 相似文献