共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
广东沿海养殖对虾疾病流行特点及病因 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
广东目前人工养殖的对虾有班节对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｍｏｎｏｄｏｎ）、中国对虾（Ｐ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）、长毛对虾（Ｐ．ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌａ－ｔｕｓ）、墨吉对虾（Ｐ．ｍｅｒｇｕｉｅｎｓｉｓ）、日本对虾（Ｐ．ｊａｐｏｎｉｓｕｓ）、刀额新对虾（Ｍｅｔａｐｅｎａｅｕｓ ｅｎｓｉｓ）和近缘新对虾（Ｍ．ａｆｆｉｎｉｓ）等，是我国南方养殖对虾的重要产区之一。近几年养殖对虾疾病呈加重趋势，已造成巨大的经济损失。本文探讨近两年广东沿海养殖对虾疾病的流行特点及病因。１概况以斑节对虾为主，多品种、多造次交替养殖，即以养殖… 相似文献
2.
日本对虾亲虾驯养过程蜕壳和死亡规律的实验研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
日本对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ）是我国海水养殖的经济种类之一。近年来 ,对虾养殖业遭受病害 ,损失惨重 ,使这一渔业支柱产业滑到将要崩溃的边缘。人们在选择养殖品种上对原来北方地区主养中国对虾（Ｐ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）、南方主养斑节对虾（Ｐ．ｍｏｎｏｄｏｎ）和长毛对虾（Ｐ．ｐｅｎｃｉｌｌａｔｕｓ）的格局作了相应的调整 ,日本对虾备受青睐 ,其养殖面积及区域不断扩大。目前 ,我国南起海南北至辽宁都已形成大规模生产 ,并日益扩大［１］。国内外关于日本对虾亲虾越冬 ,促熟多有报道 ,对虾人工催熟的技术在生产中… 相似文献
3.
气泡病一般发生在幼鱼和仔虾消化道及鳃丝中，导致鱼虾部分死亡。自Ｍａｒｓｈ和Ｇｏｒｉｈａｍ于１９０５年报道了鱼的气泡病后已有许多报道，但对于虾的气泡病报道较少。Ｌｉｇｈｔｎｅｒ，Ｄ．Ｖ．等报道过褐对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓ ａｚｔｅｃｕｓ）蚤ＩＩ期幼体及稚虾的气泡病［６～９］。１９７９年著者进行中国对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）摄饵量实验［４］过程中曾遇到仔虾消化道气泡病，致使仔虾漂浮在水面，死亡率较高（＞３０％）导致实验不能进行。为此笔者对中国对虾气泡病的成因及防治方法进行了初步研究并于１… 相似文献
4.
中国对虾精子和卵子受精能力的初步研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
１９７３年，Ｃｌａｒｋ等以褐对虾（Ｐｕｎａｅｕｕｓ ａｚｔｅｃｕｓ）为实验材料，将解剖的卵子和精子混合，首次在非鞭毛型不动精子的人工授精研究中获得受精卵，受精率为１０％［２］。１９８６年，Ｍｉｎ－ＮａｎＬｉｎ等在雌虾产卵时，将精子滴入产卵池中使卵子受精，孵化率高达６３．１１［４］。关于中国对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）精子和卵子受精能力的研究还未见报道。精卵的受精能力直接决定受精率，而受精率的高低影响苗种生产。因此．进行对虾精子和卵子受精能力的研究有利于对受精过程的进一步了解，以使更好… 相似文献
5.
中国对虾日摄食节律的试验观察 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
研究外界环境因子对对虾的影响已引起人们的关注，国内外学者对环境因子与对虾生理活动的关系做了不少研究。而有关环境因子对中国对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）摄食和生长方面的研究较少。本文对中国对虾的日摄食节律进行了观察，并研究了浮游植物环境、温度、光照、日投饵次数等因子对中国对虾摄食和生长的影响。１ 材料与方法１．１ 中国对虾日摄食节律的观察在６个底面积为１３ｍ２的水泥池中，放养平均体长为７．８８ｃｍ的中国对虾５３９尾，池底铺有２０ｃｍ厚的底泥。使用直径３０ｃｍ的饵料盘投喂配合饵料，将饵料盘… 相似文献
6.
塞拉利昂近海经济虾类数量与分布初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据塞拉利昂近海１６条生产船１年（ａ）生产日志资料（１９９５－０７～１９９６－０６）,分析了２种经济虾类［红对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｎｏｔｉａｌｉｓ）、大西洋仿对虾（Ｐａｒａｐｅｎａｅｏｐｓｉｓａｔｌａｎｔｉｃａ）］的产量分布,指出红对虾主要分布于以２区,４４区,８５区为中心的３个渔场,主要虾汛时间为６～８月,大西洋仿对虾主要分布于８４区,９６区,９７区,主要虾汛时间为１１月。同时,还对２种虾类的月平均单船产量进行了比较分析。 相似文献
7.
中国龙虾叶状幼体营养初步试验 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过多次对比重复试验,对用对虾液汁培育金藻Ｄｉｃｒａｔｅｉａｓｐ、扁藻Ｐｌａｌｙｍｏｍａｓｓｐ,用金藻、扁藻培育丰年虫Ａｒｌｅｍｉａ ｓａｌｉｎａ幼体和毛蚶Ｓｃａｐｈａｒｃａ ｓｕｂｃｒｅｎａｔａ,以及用金藻扁藻、丰年虫投喂中国龙虾Ｐａｎｕ欤椋颍酰? ｓｔｉｍｐｓｏｎｉ早期叶状幼体进行了探讨。结果表明,叶状幼体进入第Ⅲ 期后交替掺喂毛蚶卵巢刀额新对虾Ｍｅｔａｐｅｎａｅｕｓｅｎｓｉｓ肉,取得较好的培育 相似文献
8.
光合细菌在对虾育苗生产中的应用 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
１９９５年４月２４日～５月８日，在文登高岛盐场育苗场５０ｍ３水体育苗池，进行了用几株光合细菌（ＲｈｏｄｏｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓＳ．Ｐ．）混合菌液作为中国对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）苗期水质净化剂及辅助饵料，取得了明显效果。育苗池水透明度提高约２０ｃｍ，幼体挂脏率下降５０％，变态提早１ｄ左右，且多产仔虾百万尾 相似文献
9.
南海原油和燃料油对仔虾和仔鱼的急性毒性试验 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
测定了南海原油，０号柴油和２０号柴油对斑节对虾Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｍｏｎｏｄｏｎ，日本对虾Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ，刀额新对虾Ｍｅｔｐｅｎａｅｕｓｅｎｓｉｓ３种仔虾和黄鳍鲷Ｓｐａｒｕｓｌａｔｕｓ，黑鲷Ｓｐａｒｕｓｍａｃｒｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓ，前鳞鲻Ｍｕｇｉｌｏｐｈｕｙｓｅｎｉ和七星鲈Ｌａｔｅｏｌａｂｒａｘｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ４种仔鱼的急性毒性，油类对仔虾和仔鱼的毒性大小顺序均为０号柴油〉２０号柴油〈 相似文献
10.
研究了中国对虾Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ育苗池和养成池１１项水质参数（温度，盐度，ｐＨ，溶解氧和化学需氧量，硫化物，硝酸盐，亚硝酸盐，氨氮，磷酸盐及硅酸盐浓度）对虾池附着性纤毛虫的附着速率和对虾体表附着性纤毛虫附着量变的影响，相关分析结果表明，虾池附着性纤毛虫的附着速率（Ｒ）与虾池化学需氧量（ＣＯＤ）之间存在着直线正相关关系，在育苗池内，Ｒ１＝０．００２＋０．２６０ＣＯＤ（ｒ＝０．７１１，Ｐ 相似文献
11.
日本沼虾染色体倍性检测技术的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用流式细胞仪分别对日本沼虾(Macrobrachiumnipponense)正常二倍体的体细胞和四倍阶段体胚胎的DNA相对含量和细胞频率进行了测定,以研究日本沼虾染色体倍性检测技术。以日本沼虾正常二倍体的体细胞液进样所得直方图为标准,用对细胞松弛素B人工诱导的日本沼虾四倍体胚胎进行DNA相对含量和细胞频率的测定,测试结果以直方图表示,并用染色体涂片镜检结果进行倍性核对。结果表明,日本沼虾二倍体和四倍体的DNA相对含量有显著差异,四倍体日本沼虾的DNA相对含量是二倍体的2倍。用流式细胞仪法检测日本沼虾倍性,方法简单、测试速度快、结果可靠。 相似文献
12.
13.
牡蛎不同组织细胞核DNA含量比较 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
以太平洋牡蛎新鲜的鳃、闭壳肌及性腺组织为试材,利用流式细胞计分别测定三个组织细胞核ＤＮＡ的含量。其中,鳃及闭壳肌组织细胞核ＤＮＡ相对含量在个体间及组织之间比较恒定,而性腺组织细胞核ＤＮＡ含量受温度影响比较大,个体间差异明显,且与鳃及闭壳肌组织细胞核ＤＮＡ含量均呈明显差异。结果说明,鳃及闭壳肌组织是测定牡蛎细胞核ＤＮＡ含量用于倍性鉴定的理想试材。 相似文献
14.
A cytogenetic analysis of Paralichthys olivaceus was carried out using the flow cytometry method for DNA content, silver staining for the nucleolus organizer region (AgNORs) identification and one-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for chromosomal mapping of major ribosomal genes. Nuclear DNA content was estimated by flow cytometry method using Gallus domesticus erythrocytes as the internal reference standard. The C-value of this species was (0.737±0.024) pg, and the DNA contents of each chromo... 相似文献
15.
The genome size(C-value) of an organism is referring to the DNA content of its non-replicated haploid chromosome complement,generally deduced from measuring somatic diploid nuclei.We presented genome size(C-value) data obtained by flow cytometry for four commercially important crabs(Portunus trituberculatus,Charybdis japonica,Scylla paramamosain,and Eriocheir sinensis) common in the coast of China.Gallus domesticus(2C=2.5 pg) was used as the internal standard.The results showed that the C-value for P.trituberculatus,C.japonica,S.paramamosain,and E.sinensis were(2.31±0.01) pg,(2.33±0.03) pg,(1.64±0.02) pg,and(2.29±0.03) pg,respectively.The C-value of P.trituberculatus,C.japonica and S.paramamosain were reported for the first time.The data represented by the four species indicated that they had lower DNA contents than average DNA values in crustaceans((4.99±0.48) pg),and three of the four values were very similar if not identical.The results provide useful data for future studies in the fields of biodiversity,species conservation,and phylogeny of these commercial crabs.They will also be helpful in instructing the hybridization breeding program and estimating the cost of the whole genome sequencing project. 相似文献
16.
Partial rDNA sequences of Prorocentrum minimum and Takayama pulchella were amplified,cloned and sequenced,and these sequence data were deposited in the GenBank.Eight oligonucleotide probes(DNA probes)were designed based on the sequence analysis.The probes were employed to detect and identify P.minimum and T. pulchella in unialgal and mixed algal samples with a fuorescence in situ hybridization method using flow cytometry.Epifluorescence micrographs showed that these specific probes labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate entered the algal cells and bound to target sequences,and the fluorescence signal resulting from whole-cell hybridization varied from probe to probe.These DNA probes and the hybridization protocol we developed were specific and effective for P.minimum and T. pulchella,without any specific binding to other algal species.The hyrbridization efficiency of difierent probes specific to P.minimum was in the order:PMl8S02＞PM28S02＞PM28S01＞PM18S01,and that of the probes specific to T. pulchella was TP18S02＞TP28S01＞TP28S02＞TP18S01.The djfferent hybridization efficiency of the DNA probes could also be shown in the fuorescent signals between the labeled and unlabeled cells demonstrated using flow cytometry.The DNA probes PM18S02,PM28S02,TPl8S02 and TP28S01,and the protocol,were also useful for the detection of algae in natural samples. 相似文献
17.
海洋浮游异养细菌(以下称浮游细菌)存在个体间的异质性,对浮游细菌异质性的研究是理解细菌生产、代谢及其在生物地球化学循环中重要作用的基础。流式细胞术具有快速分析大量细菌个体的能力,除了用来分析样品中细菌的丰度外,流式细胞术和细胞染色技术结合,被用来研究自然海水中浮游细菌在细胞膜完整性、CTC(5-氰基-2,3-二(4-甲基苯基)四唑氯化物)呼吸功能和核酸含量三个方面的异质性。尽管国外已经有较多研究,但我国在这方面的研究尚比较缺乏,本文综述了自然海区浮游细菌这三项异质性的研究现状,介绍了不同海区(主要是近岸)浮游细菌的异质性及其随环境的变化,以期推动我国在此领域的研究工作。目前对其异质性的变化机制尚没有很好的理论解释,在全球变化的大背景下,针对大洋深海和极区,有关长期变化、全球变暖以及酸化等对浮游细菌异质性的影响研究需要加强。 相似文献
18.
Rapid flow cytometric method for the assessment of toxic dinoflagellate cyst viability 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The inadvertent transfer and dispersal of non-indigenous marine species via shipping ballast water is of increasing environmental concern. Despite a major global effort to develop new ballast water treatment technologies, their acceptance has been hampered by the lack of suitable indicator species for assessing treatment effectiveness. Resistant dinoflagellate cysts are one proposed test organism, however their use has been limited due to difficulties in assessing their viability after treatment. The paper describes the development of a rapid method to determine the viability of cysts of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella using staining with SYTOX Green and flow-cytometric analysis. The viability of A. catenella cysts was inversely proportional to their ability to take up the stain. There was excellent agreement between cysts measured as viable/non-viable using flow cytometry and cyst viability determined in standard long-term germination tests. Advantages of the flow-cytometric method include high test precision and rapid testing times of < 2 days, compared to > 4 weeks using existing germination methods. 相似文献
19.
HOU Jianjun LAI Hongyan HUANG Bangqin CHEN Jixin College of Fisheries Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China College of Life Sciences Hubei Normal University Huangshi China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Environmental Science Research Center Xiamen University Xiamen China Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Germplasm Resources Biotechnology Yangtse River Fisheries Research Institute Jinzhou China State Key La... 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(2)
Partial rDNA sequences of Prorocentrum minimum and Takayama pulchella were amplified, cloned and sequenced, and these sequence data were deposited in the GenBank. Eight oligonucleotide probes (DNA probes) were designed based on the sequence analysis. The probes were employed to detect and identify P. minimum and T. pulchella in unialgal and mixed algal samples with a fluorescence in situ hybridization method using flow cytometry. Epifluorescence micrographs showed that these specific probes labeled with flu... 相似文献
20.
Sample preparation protocols for flow cytometry (FCM) analysis with five algal viruses were optimized: Heterocapsa circularisquama virus (HcV), Heterosigma akashiwo virus (HaV), Chaetoceros salsugineum nuclear inclusion virus (CsNIV), Rhizosolenia setigera RNA virus (RsRNAV) and H. circularisquama RNA virus (HcRNAV). The optimum staining protocols differed significantly among the viruses tested. FCM counts for the large
DNA algal viruses HaV and HcV (∼0.2 μm in diameter) were similar to numbers determined by epifluorescence microscopy (EFM).
In contrast, FCM counts of viruses smaller than 40 nm that harbor DNA (CsNIV) or RNA genomes (RsRNAV, HcRNAV) were comparable
to or lower than most probable number (MPN) values, which indicate only infectious virus number, suggesting that the FCM counts
were underestimates. This is presumably because their single particle fluorescence signals were below the detection limit
for the flow cytometer. These results indicate that a large portion of the smaller viruses in the aquatic plankton virus community
may be overlooked by FCM. 相似文献