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影像地图的编制方法、内容展现有别于线划地图。较详细地介绍了《南京市老城区影像图册》比例尺、开本选择、影像编辑处理、图面内容要素表示、计算机编图的方法和手段。 相似文献
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讨论分析了目前海洋科技专著中地图所存在的问题,提出了地图应符合自明性、抽象性和简明性的要求,并针对图名、线划图和影像图提出地图制作的规范化建议,以便增强地图在海洋科技专著中的信息传递功能和视觉效果。 相似文献
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二甲基亚砜(DMSO)是海水中的主要溶解态甲基硫化物,DMSO在二甲基硫(DMS)的生物地球化学循环中起着重要的作用。它能通过DMS的光化学氧化和细菌氧化生成,可作为DMS的1个汇,也可以通过生物直接合成或其它途径产生。DMSO同时又可以被酶、细菌、植物等还原为DMS,因此,DMSO又可充当DMS的1个源。DMSO除了能被还原为DMS外,还可能会被细菌氧化为SO42-,在氯过氧化物酶作用下被H2O2氧化为DMSO2等。海洋中DMSO的测定通常采用还原剂NaBH4将其还原为DMS后,再利用气相色谱进行测定。海水中DMSO的分布不均匀,高浓度区是那些温度较高,光照充足、浮游植物较多、生物活性较高的表层水或近岸水。 相似文献
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直流无刷电机驱动的水下电缆绞车系统 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
水下电缆绞车多采用液压驱动,但液压驱动存在无效动力转换,能源使用率不高,因此直流无刷电机驱动的水下电缆绞车具有实际意义。采用直流无刷电机驱动,不仅提高了水下电缆绞车系统的能源利用率,而且改善了系统的调速性能。与直流有刷电机相比,直流无刷电机可实现充油均压密封,更有利于在水下工作。介绍了直流无刷电机驱动水下电缆绞车的组成、功能及工作原理,针对研制的专用水下直流无刷电机,重点论述了其充油密封原理和工艺,并设计了一种全新的低成本高性能驱动控制电路。该水下电缆绞车系统已初步调试完毕,试验表明各项性能良好,即将投入实际应用。它具有结构简单,工作可靠,成本低的优点,因此在实际工程应用中具有推广意义。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2001,25(5):323-333
The fishing of vendace (Coregonus albula), in the Gulf of Bothnia, is a good illustration of the presumption that institutional arrangements that are too inflexible to cope with changing ecological conditions, are unlikely to prosper. Although the vendace fishing is regulated by the State, catches have decreased dramatically, and there is a considerable fear that the resource is about to be depleted. This article discusses how the present institutional arrangement affects collective action and why political solutions seem to have failed. The vendace case illustrates that even a rather limited resource concentrated in a limited area is unlikely to be sustainably managed by top-down regulation performed by the State. It is concluded that changes in management practices that are obvious from the perspective of ecosystem management might turn out to be unfeasible, given the multi-stakeholder character of the management system. From this article it can also be concluded that resilience theory and experiences from long-enduring CPRs correspond very well with each other. Finally, it is discussed whether it is meaningful to talk about institutional, or managerial, resilience uncoupled from the ecosystem it is supposed to be managed. If an ecosystem, like the vendace, that is subject to human activity loses its resilience this would automatically indicate the socio-economic system, as manifested in management practices, has already lost its ability to adapt. Thus, social and ecological resilience are communicating vessels but not perhaps as the concept might be understood according to a popular call for increased institutional resilience in natural resource management. 相似文献
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The majority of endocrine disruption studies in Europe have been on non-indigenous species (some of them tropical!)--and none of which has traits that make them suitable for the detection of androgenic compounds. To overcome these problems, we have been developing the stickleback as a model biomarker for testing the effect of endocrine disrupters in European waters. Its advantages are: it is the only fish with a quantifiable in vivo androgen and anti-androgen endpoint (the production of the glue protein, spiggin, by the kidney); it is the only fish in which it will be possible to simultaneously test oestrogenic and androgenic properties of compound; it has a genetic sex marker; it is found in all EU countries; it survives and breeds in both seawater and freshwater; it is extremely robust and can be readily deployed in situ; it displays a variety of pronounced reproductive behaviours; it has a simple and short life cycle, low fecundity and high egg/fry survival rates. 相似文献
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In the previous paper (Yanget al., 1993), it was shown that there always exists the coastal salinity-minimum-layer (SML) water just off the Boso Peninsula. The coastal SML water is bounded by the current zone of the Kuroshio, and a relatively high salinity domain separates it from the offshore SML water which would be a continum of the North Pacific Intermediate Water. We suggested that the coastal SML water region indicates the pathway along which the Intermediate Oyashio Water intrudes into Sagami Bay. In this paper, by selecting seven cases where we found the coastal SML water having abnormally high oxygen content and low salinity, we try to follow the intrusion manner of the Intermediate Oyashio Water into Sagami Bay by using available hydrographic data taken routinely by various organizations in the period from 1973 to 1986. Some of these water can be traced from the observation line near the cape of Inubo to the central part of Sagami Bay, and its propagation speed along the coast is shown to be of order of 1 cm/s. The intruding intermediate Oyashio water usually has a complicated layered structure in it, and its time scale of persistence is shown to be only a few months. 相似文献
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RTK技术在杭州湾跨海大桥桥位地形测绘中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了RTK技术在杭州湾跨海大桥桥位地形测绘中的应用,并对其定位结果进行了精度比较与分析,结果表明:RTK定位测量的点位精度可达厘米级,各点位之间不存在误差积累,与全站仪等测量手段取得的结果符合得较好,可以用来代替二三级导线控制测量和等外水准等测量方法;流动站与基准站的距离在10km范围以内时,应用RTK技术对近岸水下地形进行测量具有方便、快捷、精度高等特点,但当此距离超过10km时,其精度则难以保证。杭州湾跨海大桥施工时应用RTK技术进行定位、高程测量,可提高工作效率和成果的质量。 相似文献
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利用MODIS气溶胶产品中550nm气溶胶光学厚度和小颗粒比例两个参数的关系,直接计算得到我国海域人为和沙尘气溶胶光学厚度,并对人为和沙尘气溶胶的分布进行了分析,结果表明:在我国海域,利用550nm气溶胶光学厚度和小颗粒比例的关系直接计算人为和沙尘气溶胶光学厚度是可行的;我国海域的人为和沙尘气溶胶光学厚度有明显的时空变化.人为气溶胶在春夏季最大,而在秋冬季最小;沙尘气溶胶在冬春季最大,而在夏秋季最小.在该海域人为和沙尘气溶胶光学厚度有显著的空间变化,在纬向上,人为气溶胶光学厚度在30°~45°N达到最大值,向南北递减;沙尘气溶胶光学厚度在33°~40°N最大,在其他纬度都很小.在经向上,人为气溶胶光学厚度与离岸距离有关,在沿海120°E处最大,随着经度增加而减小.沙尘作为大颗粒气溶胶,传输距离小,所以它只是在120°~123°E出现最大值,在其他经度处都很小. 相似文献
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理论分析、计算模拟以及实例验证表明，断裂体系对于海岸线的发育及其分形性质有着重要的影响。如果海岸线发育受到两组或者多组不同方向断裂的影响，并且影响程度相当或者比较接近，那么海岸线的分维值较大；如果海岸线倾向于由单一方向的一组断裂控制，那么海岸线的分维值较小。福建海岸主要受到NE向和NW向两组断裂的控制，因此海岸线的分维值较大；台湾东海岸受单一方向(NNE向)大断裂的控制，海岸线分维值接近于1．0。该项研究对加深海岸线分形机理的认识具有重要的意义。 相似文献