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1.
137°E经向断面上的黑潮与黑潮逆流 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
根据 １３７° Ｅ 断面 １９６７～１９９５ 年冬、夏季的温、盐资料,计算和分析该断面的地转流。主要结果是：（１） 黑潮是流速很强且较稳定的单支海流,没有多支现象;黑潮逆流则不同,有时为单支,有时为２ 支甚至３ 支出现,带有多支性成份;（２） 多年平均而言,该断面上３１° Ｎ 为黑潮与黑潮逆流的分界线。冬季,黑潮主要出现在３１°～３３° Ｎ 之间,黑潮逆流主要出现在２９°～３０° Ｎ之间;夏季,黑潮主要出现在３１°～３４° Ｎ 之间,黑潮逆流主要出现在 ２８°～３１° Ｎ 之间;（３） 该断面 ２６°～３４° Ｎ 之间的流速结构,可划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ３ 种类型,２ 支海流均为带状的单核结构。平均而言,黑潮与黑潮逆流流速均具有夏强冬弱的现象,但后者冬、夏季差异不显著。对黑潮逆流的多支性用实测资料进行了比较 相似文献
2.
本文根据１９８８年１０月２０～２４日“向阳红０９号”调查船在奄美大岛以西海区进行调查时，在陆架斜坡上的表均温层的底部，即５０ｍ附近的深层上，出现一个黑潮锋面涡。不论在平面上形成的特点，还是在断面上水系配置的形式，它与春季黑潮锋面涡的特征极为相似。说明秋季东海同样存在陆架水与黑潮水在水平方向交换与混合。 相似文献
3.
日本南部黑潮存在多种路径模态:近岸非大弯曲路径、离岸非大弯曲路径和大弯曲路径。黑潮延伸体的路径存在两种典型模态:收缩态和伸展态。从地理位置看, 日本南部黑潮和黑潮延伸体是相邻的, 但它们的路径状态是否存在关联一直存在争议。本文基于卫星观测的海表高度资料和长期的海洋高分辨率再分析资料, 对日本南部黑潮和黑潮延伸体路径状态之间的关联性进行定量分析, 结果表明:日本南部黑潮和黑潮延伸体的路径状态存在一定的关联。当日本南部黑潮处于近岸非大弯曲和大弯曲路径时, 黑潮延伸体主要处于伸展态; 当日本南部黑潮处于离岸非大弯曲时, 黑潮延伸体处于伸展态和收缩态的比例相当。进一步分析表明, 黑潮流轴处于伊豆海脊的位置部分决定了上述关系, 可能存在其他因素调制了两者的关联性。 相似文献
4.
5.
台湾以东黑潮路径识别与变化规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究对中国台湾以东海域黑潮路径及其变化,本文基于法国空间局AVISO中心提供的1993—2015年的卫星遥感海表流场逐日资料,对121°—125°E,22.4°—25°N海域黑潮路径进行了逐日识别,得到了共计23年累计8400天的台湾以东黑潮流轴的逐日路径,并研究其在不同纬度的流轴位置及其对应的表面黑潮流量的时空变化规律。主要结论如下:(1)采用模糊C-均值聚类法对台湾以东黑潮流轴路径进行聚类分析,发现台湾以东黑潮流轴在24°N以南出现明显摆动,形成正常和偏东两种路径;黑潮流轴存在明显的时间变化,流轴偏东现象年平均大约出现25次,大致每隔3年出现一次偏东较少的现象,各月流轴偏东次数以4、5月最少,10月至次年3月较多;(2)台湾以东黑潮表面流量大小在6.2—8.3×104m2/s之间;总体上来说,纬度越高流量越大,在23.5°N左右范围内存在一个流量低值中心;在24.3°N以北流量总体较大,且增长趋势稳定,同时表面流量大小具有较强的季节和年际变化特征。 相似文献
6.
黑潮延伸体海表温度锋位置的变化特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
High spatial resolution sea surface temperature(SST) data from 1993 to 2013 are used to detect the position of the Kuroshio Extension sea surface temperature front(KEF) from 141°E to 158°E,and the seasonal,monthly and interannual-to-decadal variations of the KEF position are investigated.The latitudinal position of the KEF varies with longitudes:the westernmost part of the KEF from 141°E to 144°E is relatively stable,whereas the easternmost part from 153°E to 158°E exhibits the largest amplitude of its north-south displacement.In the light of the magnitudes of the standard deviations at longitudes,then the KEF is divided into three sections:western part of the KEF(KEFw,141°–144°E),central part of the KEF(KEFc,144°–153°E) and eastern part of the KEF(KEFe,153°–158°E).Further analysis reveals that the KEFw position is dominated by the decadal variability,while the KEFc and KEFe positions change significantly both on interannual and decadal time scales.In addition,the KEFw position is well correlated with the KEF path length.The possible mode leading to the decadal oscillation of the KEFw is further discussed.The KEFw position exhibits significant connections with the Pacific decadal oscillation(PDO) index and the north Pacific gyre oscillation(NPGO) index with a time lag of 40 and 33 months,respectively. 相似文献
7.
Shuiming Chen 《Journal of Oceanography》2008,64(6):891-897
The position and strength of the surface Kuroshio Extension Front (KEF), defined as the sea surface temperature (SST) gradient
maximum adjacent to the Kuroshio Extension (KE) axis (approximated by a specific SSH contour consistently located at, or near,
the maximum of the SSH gradient magnitude), have been studied using weekly, microwave SST measurements from the later 1997
to early 2008. The mean KEF meanders twice around ∼36°N between the east coast of Japan and 153°E. It then migrates southeast
to ∼34°N, just before reaching the Shatsky Rise (∼158°E), then progresses mostly eastward. Spatially, the KEF is strongest
near the Japan coast, while it is seasonally strongest in winter and weakest in summer. Low-frequency variations of its strength,
most notably in its upstream region, can be related to the known bimodal states of the KE. During 2003–2005, when the KE was
in its stable state, the winter KEF SST gradient exceeded 10°C/100 km. 相似文献
8.
A spread of warm water from the first crest of the Kuroshio Extension is periodically enhanced by northward warm water intrusions from the main current. The water type in the spread area was previously found to be the same as that in the Kuroshio front at depth. In looking for the possible mechanism responsible for the northward warm water intrusions, a dynamic analysis in the Kuroshio front was carried out by using CTD, ADCP, AVHRR and ARGOS buoy data, obtained in 1996 by the R.V. Hakuho Maru. Downstream, cross-stream and vertical velocities in the Kuroshio Extension were found by using a "stream coordinate system". The velocity field in the Kuroshio front at the first crest showed a double structure with two surface velocity maxima. In the inner part of the front, relatively high cross-stream (northward) and vertical (upward) velocities were found. Thus, this study suggests that while water particles flow downstream along the first stationary meander of the Kuroshio Extension, they also experience lateral and vertical movements which allow the deeper water from an upstream location to rise to the surface layer, and in certain locations to deflect northward. By assuming isopycnal movement and conservation of potential vorticity, it was found that in those locations where anticyclonic curvature of the meander increases, warm water is more likely to deflect northward. High ageostrophic components observed in the first 300 m of the water column are probably related to the relatively high cross-stream and vertical velocities in the inner part of the front. 相似文献
9.
The path of the Kuroshio Extension describes two stationary meanders with crests at approximately 144°E and 150°E. The short-term
meridional fluctuations of the warm water spreading northward from the first crest at the surface and its vertical structure
were analyzed by using 5-day-mean surface temperature maps published by JAFIC, montly 100-m-depth temperature maps edited
by the JMA, and CTD data obtained by the R.Vs.Kofu-Maru, Hakuho-Maru andTansei-Maru cruises from 1990 to 1994. A Northern Boundary of the Spreak Kuroshio Water (NBSKW) and a Southern Boundary of the Spread
Kuroshio Water (SBSKW) at the surface were defined as the northern and southern boundary of the pronounced meriodional temperature
gradients, respectively. The vertical structure of the Spread Kuroshio Water was analyzed in terms of its T-S properties.
The location of the NBSKW at the surface corresponds well with the northern boundary of the subsurface high salinity water
that represents the Spread Kuroshio Water. The short-term meridional fluctuations of the northern and southern boundary of
the Spread Kuroshio Water at the surface were studied through the spectral analysis of the maximum latitude of the two lines
defined. We obtained the following results: (1) the meridional fluctuations of the NBSKW and SBSKW at the first creast have
major periods between 16 and 38 days; (2) the 50 day running mean of the SBSKW at the first crest, for the purpòse of this
study, can be generally used as indicative of the location of the Kuroshio axis; and (3) the northward extent of the Spread
Kuroshio Water and the velocity of the meridional shift suggest seasonal variability that could be related with their vertical
structure. 相似文献
10.
黑潮在吕宋海峡的形变及动力机制 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
根据１９９０年以来对吕宋海峡和中国南海（ＳＣＳ）北部的ＷＯＣＥ水文资料和其它海洋调查资料的分析，以及对同一海区的卫星遥测海表温度（ＳＳＴ）的资料处理，推断在吕宋海峡常年存在黑潮路径弯曲，西折进入ＳＣＳ并又流出ＳＣＳ的现象，作者将黑潮的这种变形称为“黑潮流套”。黑潮变形进入ＳＣＳ的位置在冬季位于海峡中部、南部附近，范围较大；在夏季略向北移，较集中于海峡中部，范围较小。作者认为，黑潮流套现象可用位涡守恒理论作定性的解释：当黑潮在吕宋海峡失去西边界支持后，其流轴以西贴近西边界的一部分流体，因具有较大的相对正涡度，会脱离黑潮主体在南海东北部形成反时针旋转或顺时针旋转的环流，而黑潮主体会以顺时针旋转的形式在海峡以西的海域出现。整个黑潮以弯曲、扩展的形式在海峡处产生形变，在海峡东侧出现反气旋涡旋的倾向。吕宋海峡黑潮流套及南海北部的诱生环流之流型，会因黑潮本身以及副热带环流整体的变化而变化，也与海峡的宽度有关。总之，吕宋海峡黑潮流套的形成是由当地特殊的地形条件和地转β效应这些内部机制决定的，它的常年存在有其必然性 相似文献
11.
Motohiko Kashima Shin-Ichi Ito Kaoru Ichikawa Shiro Imawaki Shin-Ichiro Umatani Hiroshi Uchida Takashi Setou 《Journal of Oceanography》2009,65(1):73-80
A quasiperiodic variation of 100–110 days in the Kuroshio path off Cape Ashizuri, resulting from the passage of small meanders,
was detected by observation with moored current meters during 1993–1995. TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data covering 9 years showed
that the quasiperiodic variation period was not persistent and modulated twice, with a ∼110-day period from mid-1993 to late
1996, a ∼150-day period from late 1996 to mid-1999, and a ∼110-day period from mid-1999 to late 2001. The quasiperiodic variations
of the Kuroshio path migration were contemporaneous with the quasiperiodic arrivals of mesoscale eddies from the east along
27–32°N over the same ∼110- and ∼150-day period quasiperiodic variations. The periodic arrivals of the eddies configure the
periodic variations of the Kuroshio path and its inter-annual modulation. 相似文献
12.
利用一种流函数投影方法对台湾东北部黑潮近20年的历史水文数据进行了诊断分析。结果表明,苏澳海脊北部位于冲绳海槽西南角的黑潮中层水的盐度明显高于周围海区;而位于1000m以下的冲绳海槽黑潮深层水相对于苏澳海脊以南的黑潮深层水具有高温低盐的特征,反映了苏澳海脊对黑潮水团的阻挡作用;位于300m以浅的冲绳海槽黑潮热带水相对于苏澳海脊以南的黑潮热带水具有低温低盐的特征。对冲绳海槽西南角黑潮中层水高盐中心的成因分析表明,除苏澳海脊的阻挡作用外,台湾东北部常年存在的气旋式冷涡与黑潮主体在陆架坡折交汇区的垂直混合过程也是需要考虑的物理因素。 相似文献
13.
2014年春秋季对台湾以东黑潮主流径区碳化学的调查研究表明,春季黑潮主流径水体垂向可划分为黑潮表层水、热带水、中层水与深层水,水层以30-50m、300-400m以及800-1000m分界。黑潮水体中DIC平均含量为2078.1μmol/kg,DOC与POC平均含量分别为98.59与1.62 μmol/L;各参数中,pH值随水深增加而降低,TAlk、DIC含量以及DIC/TAlk比值则随水深增加而升高,DOC与POC在200m以浅含量较高而在200m以深降为相对均一的低值。黑潮主流径水体中碳的分布在表层受到浮游植物生产、细菌分解、海-气界面交换以及陆源输送等多种因素的综合影响;在次表层至中层水体中,初级生产的影响消失,有机物的分解对水体中的碳分布有着重要影响;在中层至底层水体中,有机物分解逐渐完成,CaCO3溶解过程以及陆坡沉积物的水平输运成为水体中碳分布的主要影响因素。位于上升流中心的TW0-1站位各参数均受到较深层次水体携游离CO2与营养盐上涌的影响,与黑潮主流径其他站位略有不同。秋季黑潮主流径水体垂向上依然能够划分为表层水、热带水、中层水与深层水四层,分别在75-100m、300-500m以及800-1000m分界。秋季黑潮水体中DIC平均含量为2078.7μmol/kg,DOC与POC平均含量分别为92.36与1.93μmol/L;黑潮主流径各层水体中各水文、碳参数分布规律与春季相似,影响因素也类似。秋季黑潮流域各站位碳参数量值与春季略有不同,其可能的原因有较低的浮游植物生产、利用以及较低的微生物分解量;秋季黑潮水体中DIC含量与DIC/TAlk比值与春季差异较小,但pH值与TAlk高于春季,由此可以推测秋季黑潮水体中有着较高的[CO32-] /[ HCO3-]比值。 相似文献
14.
东海黑潮热输送及其与黄淮平原区汛期降水的关系 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
根据日本气象厅1956—1990年PN（G）断面观测资料分析东海黑潮热输送的变异特征，并探讨其冬季热输送与黄淮平原区汛期（6－8月）降水的关系。结果表明，黑潮通过PN（G）断面多年平均的热输送达15．74×1014W，其中冬季热输送的年际和长期变化特别明显；冬季热输送年际变化的周期主要为对．23.4a、3.5a、和2.6a，长期变化总趋势是70年代末以前各年热输送距平均为负值，对年代末接近多年平均值，进入80年代各年距平值不仅为正且逐年增大；东海黑潮冬季热输送与黄淮平原区汛期降水具有相近的长期变化趋势，两者间存在较好的负相关关系。 相似文献
15.
基于ROMS (regional ocean modelling system)模式模拟出2019年春季东海以及临近海域的环流结构和温盐分布。利用拉格朗日方法定量地研究了2019年春季黑潮近岸分支流在台湾以东起源的深度在100—450 m范围内,平均深度约260 m。通过针对台湾海峡流和台湾以东黑潮强度的敏感性实验,进一步得出结论,增大(减小)的台湾以东黑潮流速会减小(增大)黑潮近岸分支流的强度。而增大(减小)的台湾海峡流流速会增大(减小)黑潮近岸分支流的强度。同时,增大(减小)的台湾以东黑潮流会减小(增大)黑潮近岸分支流起源的平均深度。增大(减小)的台湾海峡流流速也会减小(增大)黑潮近岸分支流起源的平均深度。相关结论可为台湾东北黑潮入侵东海变化规律的研究提供参考。 相似文献
16.
Winter Distribution of Diatom Assemblages in the East China Sea 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
We examined the spatial distributional relationships between diatom assemblages and water types during the winter in the East China Sea. Principal component analysis was used to identify two water types and two diatom assemblages in the study area. Coastal water types along the mainland China coastline had low temperature and salinity levels, but high nitrate levels. The shelf-mixing water type in the rest of the study area had higher temperatures and salinities and lower levels of nitrate. Diatom assemblage distribution was not spatially consistent with water type. The Kuroshio assemblage had a large standing stock, distributed along the surface of the shelf break. This assemblage is likely the result of Kuroshio surface water coming into contact with nutrient-rich water in the shelf area, triggering proliferation of certain diatom species. A background assemblage with low standing stock level persisted over the entire study area in both coastal water and the shelf-mixing water types. Our results support previous research: the background assemblage is due to poor growth conditions such as the convection of water during winter; there were no significant seasonal variations in the species composition. 相似文献
17.
Monthly wavenumber spectra of sea surface temperatures (SST) have been estimated in two regions near the Kuroshio, in the
recirculation and the Kuroshio Extension regions, using the merged SST product to determine the statistical parameter (spatial
decorrelation scale) required for optimal interpolation of a high-resolution SST dataset. The two-dimensional wavelet transform
was used for analysis. Estimates were made of daily mean and daily minimum SSTs. These do not significantly differ, which
suggests that the same covariance matrix can be used for the daily mean and minimum in the merging procedure. The seasonality
of wavenumber spectra is significant. There are also large differences between those in the recirculation region and in the
Kuroshio Extension region. Therefore, it is recommended that the covariance matrix in the merging process for high-resolution
SST dataset be defined as a function of time and space. Improvements of the merging methodology are discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
18.
19.
黑潮作为一支典型的西边界流,其路径变化特征及其相关的物理现象对于渔业和航海有着不可忽视的影响。本文基于改进的特征线方法,利用1992~2012年的高度计绝对动力地形数据提取了整个黑潮流区逐月的黑潮主轴和边界位置,并对沿轴速度、主流宽度、表层水体输运以及路径标准差等黑潮特征量进行了分析研究。结果表明,黑潮整体的沿轴速度在夏秋季较大,最大值可达0.95 m/s,而在冬季的速度较小;黑潮主流宽度在10、11月份达到最大值;黑潮表层水体输运在夏季最大,春秋两季次之,冬季最小。沿黑潮流路分区域对黑潮特征进行分析,结果表明,越往黑潮下游,其沿轴速度、主流宽度和表层水体输运越大,同时沿轴速度和表层水体输运量最大值出现的时间也越晚,黑潮主轴位置相对于其多年平均的偏离程度越大,且随时间波动也越强烈。 相似文献
20.
The materials were obtained from the survey conducted in the Kuroshio area of the East China Sea to the Southwest of Kyushu in Japan (29°30'-32°00', 128°00'-130°'00'E) on board the R. V. Yoko Maru of Seikai Regional Fisheries Lab, Fisheries Agency, Japan in June 15~28, 1988 during China-Japan Joint Research on the Kuroshio. Zoo-plankton was collected by means of the North Pacific Net with model TSK flowmeter through vertical haul from 50 -Om. Temperature and salinity were measured with CTD. 134 species (including 4 spp. ) of planktonic copepods were preliminarily identified in the survey area. Most of them belonged to the tropical and subtropical species and a few of them were the warm-temperate species and eurytopic species. The main dominant species vteieOncaea venusta, Oithona plumifera, Clausocalanus furcatus, C. Arcuicornis, Paracaianus dculeatus, Oithona similis, Temara turbinata, Oncaea media, Undinula danvinii, Acartia negligent, Corycaeus speciosus, Scolecithrix danae, etc. The total number 相似文献