共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
依据南海低纬地区SA09-040孔高分辨率的孢粉记录,自下至上划分了4个孢粉组合带。从孢粉成分的变化,重建了22.25ka B P以来的植被与气候变化历史。结果表明:孢粉主要来源于婆罗洲和周围岛屿,孢粉1带(22.25～16.6ka B P),低山雨林植被发育,为暖热气候,从测年时间看,当时为末次冰期晚期。孢粉2带(16.6～10.82ka B P,为末次冰消期),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶的松数量较多,当时的气温比现在低。孢粉3带(全新世早期,10.82～6.43ka B P),植被以热带低山雨林和低地雨林为主,针叶松属数量减少,气温比前期升高,海平面也上升。孢粉4带(全新世中晚期,6.43ka B P至今),全新世中期为炎热、湿润的气候环境,全新世晚期可能与婆罗洲现今的植被景观相近,为热、湿的气候环境。 相似文献
2.
利用主成分分析法对冰岛北部陆架 MD99-2275 孔中全新世以来沉积物硅藻数据进行研究发现,5 000 - 3 000 a B.P.,冰岛北部陆架表层古海水温度逐渐上升,来自印明格暖流的北大西洋暖水对该区域的影响有所增强.自 3 000 a B.P.以来,表层海水温度开始稳步下降,北大西洋暖水水团的影响逐步减弱,而来自东格陵兰寒流和东冰岛海流的极地冷水水团的影响显著加强.在晚全新世气候逐渐变冷的过程中,发生了几次短期而显著的气候变冷事件,分别出现在 3 000 - 2 600 a B.P.,1 300 - 1 000 a B.P.及 600- 200 a B.P..该中晚全新世古海洋环境记录与格陵兰冰芯(GSIP2)氧同位素气候记录存在良好的对应关系,也与冰岛北部陆架其他海水温度记录有较好的一致性.而冰岛北部陆架区域海底地形的复杂性和海流分布的差异性,以及所采用研究方法的不同则导致该区域各古海水温度记录之间也存在一定的差异性. 相似文献
3.
福建沿海全新世海平面变化 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文通过对严格筛选的61个海平面标志物进行研究,建立了福建沿海3个岸段的全新世海平面曲线。结果表明,在全新世海进过程中,海平面有过多次波动并且在6100,3100和1800a,B.P.前左右形成3次海平面高峰,但其高度分别不超过+3m,+2m和+1m;3个岸段海平面波动总趋势一致,但海平面的高度和变动幅度存在差异:闽东北沿海6100a,B.P.前左右的高海面比3100a,B.P.前左右的为高,闽中沿海则相反,其6100a,B.P.前左右的高海面比3100a,B.P.前的为低。 相似文献
4.
福建沿海全新世高温期的气候与海面变化 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
本文综合分析了福建沿海全新世高温期的孢粉资料和海平面变化资料,建立了气温和海平面变化曲线.结果表明,8ka,B.P.前为气温和海平面上升期,8ka,B.P.以来为高温期和高海平面期,海平面升降与气温升降几乎同步. 相似文献
5.
7500a BP以来冲绳海槽北部孢粉组合及古环境意义 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
通过分析冲绳海槽北部DOC024柱状样的孢粉记录,重建了该地区7500a BP以来的植被和气候变化历史.该孔自下而上分为4个孢粉组合带：P1带（7500-6600a BP）气候较寒冷湿润;P2（a）带（6600-4900a BP）亚热带植物花粉含量升高,气候变温暖,P2（b）带（4900-3100a BP）温度变化不明显,湿度降低;P3带（3100-1500a BP）温带植物花粉含量升高,热带-亚热带植物花粉含量降低,气温下降;P4带（1500-200a BP）随着蕨类植物的大量繁盛,气温又回升,但从300a BP起,气候又出现下降趋势.文中还对浮游有孔虫δ18O曲线进行了分析,发现它的变化趋势与孢粉组合之间存在着对应性. 相似文献
6.
采用美国NCEP-CFSR数据库资料,提取了1979—2010年的海平面大气要素场,在中国南海区域(0°～25°N、105°～125°E)和黄岩岛附近点(15°N、118°E),按日、月、年统计了32 a间海平面气压、海面2 m气温、海面2 m相对湿度、海面10 m风场基本气象要素特征。分析发现:黄岩岛及邻近中国南海区域属于赤道带、热带海洋性季风气候,其气候特征是:(1)海平面气压呈北高南低、冬季高夏季低的分布形势;黄岩岛日平均海平面气压冬季约为1 012 hPa,其他季节约为1 008 hPa,年平均海平面气压变化具有准5 a的周期;(2)全年平均气温较高,分布呈现北低南高,大陆低海面高,冬季低夏季高的特点;黄岩岛海面2 m气温日变化较小,年平均值约为27～28℃,年际变化上具有整体增加的趋势;(3)全年相对湿度较大,基本在60%以上,随季节变化明显,冬季较小,夏季较大;黄岩岛日平均相对湿度为80%,总体也具有略微增大的年际变化趋势;(4)受季风影响明显,冬季盛行东北季风,平均风速约为10～12 m/s,夏季盛行西南季风,平均风速约为4～8 m/s;黄岩岛海面风速的变化具有2.5～5 a的变化周期,年平均风速在5.3 m/s上下波动。 相似文献
7.
广西北海银滩侵蚀及其与海平面上升的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于历史图件对比方法和Bruun法则对广西北海银滩岸线的侵蚀进行评估和预测.结果表明银滩在近30a内海岸侵蚀达10.40 m/a,其中人类活动作用是造成海岸侵蚀的主要因素,人类活动对岸线位置蚀退的影响贡献为98%;海平面上升导致岸线蚀退的贡献仅为2%.然而,在未来100 a内,基于历史图件对比分析估算的银滩侵蚀宽度可能超过1 000 m,银滩环境将会发生退化.因海平面上升而对岸线蚀退的贡献权重增加为9%.由于人类活动导致的银滩退化可以进行控制和预防,故对未来海平面上升引发的银滩环境退化应该予以重点关注. 相似文献
8.
中国边缘海陆架泥质体是全新世高海平面以来形成的重要沉积单元,沉积速率高和连续性好的特征使其成为研究高分辨率气候和环境变化的理想载体。通过对东海内陆架泥质区中部的浅钻岩芯MZ02孔进行粒度、常量与微量元素、AMS~(14)C分析,获得粒度和常微量元素随时间变化的高分辨率演化序列。结果表明,全新世早期沉积物为较粗颗粒的粉砂为主,且粒度参数变化明显,指示了沿岸流、潮流、波浪综合作用下的前滨-近滨沉积环境;8 000 a以来陆架区沉积物以细颗粒黏土质粉砂为主,沉积环境稳定,以沿岸流控制的浅海沉积为主。沉积物化学蚀变指数(CIA),w_(CaO)/w_(K_2O),w_(CaO)/w_(MgO)和w_(Ba)/w_(Sr)比值反映8 000 a以来化学风化过程可分为4个时期,包括8000～6000 a B.P.的缓慢减弱期、6000～2200 a B.P.的频繁波动期、2200～1050 a B.P.的迅速减弱期及1050 a B.P.以来的逐渐增强期。地球化学指标同时指示的9次极值揭示东亚季风驱动的降温事件分别发生于7200 a B.P.,6000 a B.P.,4200 a B.P.,3600 a B.P.,2300 a B.P.,800～120 a B.P.时期。相应的降温证据亦存在于其他区域的不同介质中,揭示气候变化的区域性乃至全球性联系;频谱分析结果显示所选择地球化学指标存在79～200 a周期变化规律,指示太阳活动对中国东部区域沉积物化学风化及气候变化的控制作用。 相似文献
9.
粤西海岸全新世中期以来海平面升降与海岸沙坝潟湖发育过程 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
沙坝湖海岸是一种重要的海岸类型。文章论述了粤西海岸全新世中期以来在海平面升降影响下沙坝湖地貌的发育过程,得出如下结论：距今7000a至5000a．海平面曾上升至＋4m,由于大陆架泥沙的向陆堆积,形成了揭湖拦湾沙坝的后缘高突部分：以后海平面逐步下降至现今位置,它所形成的海退沙楔发育成低矮的向海沙坝和海滩;距今2000a,海平面趋于相对稳定;现今海平面微升,出现了海岸侵蚀。文章还对该地在海平面升降影响下的海岸泥沙运移机制以及海岸高海面堆积和现今海岸侵蚀现象作了解析。 相似文献
10.
利用济南和威海成山头1951—2006年的冬季气温的观测资料，用MHF（墨西哥帽函数）小波分析了两地冬季气温的多时间尺度变化特征并对两地出现的极端气候进行了一定分析。结果表明近60a来，济南冬季年平均气温（0．82℃）比威海成山头冬季年平均气温（0．53℃）高，济南和威海成山头两地冬季气温倾向率分别为0．431℃／10a和0．359℃／10a；两地在较大时间尺度上，突变点位置比较接近，在较小时间尺度上，演变略有差异，济南冬季气温变化比威海成山头略快；在振动周期上，济南的冬季平均气温变化以5，18a左右周期振动较强，威海成山头的冬季平均气温变化则以4，18a左右为较强周期振动；在未来一段时间内，两地冬季气温将保持偏高状态，但都有转低的趋势；出现极端气候时有明显的群发性和阶段性，成山头出现极端气候时情况更加恶劣。 相似文献
11.
12.
Soil-sized particulates have been collected on board ship by a mesh technique from the lower troposphere of the North, Equatorial and South Atlantic Ocean, northern and southern Indian Ocean, South and East China Sea and various coastal localities.Spectrographic analysis reveals that, on average, the particulates have concentrations of Mn, Ni, Co, Ga, Cr, V, Ba, and Sr which are of the same order of magnitude as those in average crustal material. In contrast, the average concentrations of Pb, Sn, and Zn are one order of magnitude higher than those in average crustal material.Within this “world-wide” average there are significant geographical variations in the distributions of Pb, Sn, and Zn which may be related to anthropogenic sources.On the basis of trace-element distributions lower tropospheric soil-sized marine particulates have been divided into four genetic components; local, zonal, inter-zonal, and global. The proportions of these components vary geographically, and each component may have both a natural and an anthropogenic fraction. 相似文献
13.
Tautog, Tautoga onitis, is an abundant species of fish in estuaries of the northeastern United States. Planktonic tautog larvae are abundant in summer in these estuaries, but there is little information on rates of growth of tautog larvae feeding on natural assemblages of food in the plankton. We examined abundance and growth of larval tautog and environmental factors during weekly sampling at three sites along a nearshore‐to‐offshore transect in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, USA during summer 1994. This is the first study of a robust sample size (336 larvae) to estimate growth rates of field‐caught planktonic tautog larvae feeding on natural diets, using the otolith daily‐growth‐increment method. The study was over the entire summer period when tautog larvae were in the plankton. The sampling sites contrasted in several environmental variables including temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and chlorophyll a concentration. There was a temporal progression in the abundance of tautog larvae over the summer, in relation to location and temperature. Tautog larvae were first present nearshore, with a pronounced peak in abundance occurring at the nearshore sites during the last 2 weeks in June. Larvae were absent at this time further offshore. From late June through August, larval abundance progressively decreased nearshore, but increased offshore although never approaching the abundance levels observed at the nearshore sites. The distribution and abundance of tautog larvae appeared to be related to a nearshore‐to‐offshore seasonal warming trend and a nearshore decrease in DO. Otoliths from 336 larvae ranging from 2.3 to 7.7 mm standard length had otolith increment counts ranging from 0 to 19 increments. Growth of larval tautog was estimated at 0.23 mm·day?1, and length of larvae prior to first increment formation was estimated at 2.8 mm indicating that first increment formation occurs 3–4 days after hatching at 2.2 mm. Despite spatial and temporal differences in environmental factors, there were no significant differences in growth rates at any of three given sites over time, or between sites. Because larval presence only occurred at a narrow range of temperature (17–23.5 °C) and DO (6.5–9.3 mg·l?1), in situ differences in growth did not appear to be because of differences in larval distribution and abundance patterns relative to these parameters. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
17.
P.N. Froelich L.W. Kaul J.T. Byrd M.O. Andreae K.K. Roe 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,20(3):239-264
Concentrations of dissolved nutrients (NO3, PO4, Si), germanium species, arsenic species, tin, barium, dimethylsulfide and related parameters were measured along the salinity gradient in Charlotte Harbor. Phosphate enrichment from the phosphate industry on the Peace River promotes a productive diatom bloom near the river mouth where NO3 and Si are completely consumed. Inorganic germanium is completely depleted in this bloom by uptake into biogenic opal. The ratio taken up by diatoms is about 0·7 × 10?6, the same as that provided by the river flux, confirming that siliceous organisms incorporate germanium as an accidental trace replacement for silica. Monomethylgermanium and dimethylgermanium concentrations are undetectable in the Peace River, and increase linearly with increasing salinity to the seawater end of the bay, suggesting that these organogermanium species behave conservatively in estuaries, and are neither produced nor consumed during estuarine biogenic opal formation or dissolution. Inorganic arsenic displays slight removal in the bloom. Monomethylarsenic is produced both in the bloom and in mid-estuary, while dimethylarsenic is conservative in the bloom but produced in mid-estuary. The total production of methylarsenicals within the bay approximately balances the removal of inorganic arsenic, suggesting that most biological arsenic uptake in the estuary is biomethylated and released to the water column. Dimethylsulfide increases with increasing salinity in the estuary and shows evidence of removal, probably both by degassing and by microbial consumption. An input of DMS is observed in the central estuary. The behavior of total dissolvable tin shows no biological activity in the bloom or in mid-estuary, but does display a low-salinity input signal that parallels dissolved organic material, perhaps suggesting an association between tin and DOM. Barium displays dramatic input behavior at mid-salinities, probably due to slow release from clays deposited in the harbor after catastrophic phosphate slime spills into the Peace River. 相似文献
18.
E. Wolanski P. Colin J. Naithani E. Deleersnijder Y. Golbuu 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2004,60(4):705-716
Three years of temperature data along two transects extending to 90 m depth, at Palau, Micronesia, show twice-a-day thermocline vertical displacements of commonly 50–100 m, and on one occasion 270 m. The internal wave occurred at a number of frequencies. There were a number of spectral peaks at diurnal and semi-diurnal frequencies, as well as intermediate and sub-inertial frequencies, less so at the inertial frequency. At Palau the waves generally did not travel around the island because there was no coherence between internal waves on either side of the island. The internal waves at a site 30 km offshore were out-of-phase with those on the island slopes, suggesting that the waves were generated on the island slope and then radiated away. Palau Island was thus a source of internal wave energy for the surrounding ocean. A numerical model suggests that the tidal and low-frequency currents flowing around the island form internal waves with maximum wave amplitude on the island slope and that these waves radiate away from the island. The model also suggests that the headland at the southern tip of Palau prevents the internal waves to rotate around the island. The large temperature fluctuations (commonly daily fluctuations ≈10 °C, peaking at 20 °C) appear responsible for generating a thermal stress responsible for a biologically depauperate biological community on the island slopes at depths between 60 and 120 m depth. 相似文献
19.
20.
Klaus Kremling 《Marine Chemistry》1983,13(2):87-108
In June 1981, dissolved Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn were determined from two detailed profiles in anoxic Baltic waters (with extra data for Fe and Mn from August 1979). Dramatic changes across the O2H2S interface occur in the abundances of Cu, Co, Fe, and Mn (by factors of ?100). The concentrations of Zn, Cd, and Ni at the redox front decrease by factors between 3 to 5.Equilibrium calculations are presented for varying concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and compared with the field data. The study strongly supports the assumption that the solubility of Zn, Cd, Cu, and Ni is greatly enhanced and controlled by the formation of bisulfide and(or) polysulfide complexes. Differences between predicted and measured concentrations of these elements are mainly evident at lower ΣH2S concentrations.Cobalt proved to be very mobile in anoxic regions, and the results indicate that the concentrations are limited by CoS precipitation. The iron (Fe2+) and manganese (Mn2+) distribution in sulfide-containing waters is controlled by total flux from sediment-water interfaces rather than by equilibrium concentrations of their solid phases (FeS and MnCO3). The concentrations of these metals are therefore expected to increase with prolonged stagnation periods in the basin. 相似文献