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分析研究了兴化湾中部表层海水Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As的含量发现,表层海水中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As含量均符合海水水质一类标准,对表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Hg、Cr、Cd、As等6种重金属含量分析表明,6种重金属含量均符合海洋沉积物质量一类标准.表层海水中重金属与环境因子相关性分析表明,6种重金属与环境的相关性在不同季节中存在差异;而表层沉积物中重金属与环境因子的分析表明,重金属具有相近的来源,有机质对沉积物中重金属的含量分布具有重要影响.主成分分析结果表明,兴化湾中部表层沉积物7种重金属主要来源为有机质的降解、沉积环境本身及工业排污的影响,其贡献率分别为59.48%、15.30%、10.98%,3个主成分的贡献率合计达到85.76%.潜在生态危害指数法评价结果表明,Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As均属轻微生态危害. 相似文献
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湄洲湾海域表层沉积物重金属含量的分布特征及潜在生态风险评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2012年福建湄洲湾海域表层沉积物样品测定的7种重金属（Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Pb）含量数据,研究重金属在沉积物中的含量和空间分布特征,然后运用主成分分析法分析各重金属的主要来源,最后采用潜在生态危害指数法评价其污染程度和潜在生态危害.结果表明,相对第一类海洋沉积物标准,Cu、Zn、As和Pb含量均未超标,Cr超标21.2%.大部分重金属含量平面分布总体呈现东北往西南递减的趋势,体现陆源输入的影响,As、Zn及Pb在7号站位、Cu在8号站位出现高值区可能更多地联系于研究区域本身的背景特征.Cr、Co、Ni和Zn含量之间相关性显著,且Co、As和Zn含量也两两表现出显著正相关.主成分分析表明岩石的自然风化和侵蚀是Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn和As元素在研究区域表层沉积物的主要来源,Pb可能更多来源于海上交通航运和海水养殖.研究区域综合潜在生态危害为中等生态危害程度. 相似文献
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根据日照近海13个站位表层沉积物粒度和重金属含量测试结果，分析了研究区表层沉积物粒度和重金属含量分布特征，采用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评估了研究区重金属污染状况和潜在生态风险，探讨了重金属的来源和控制因素。结果表明，研究区表层沉积物可分为粉砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂等3种类型，沉积物类型主要呈大致平行岸线的条带状分布，由岸向海依次为粉砂 砂质粉砂 粉砂质砂。研究区表层沉积物中Cr、Zn、Pb、As、Cu、Cd、Hg等重金属的平均含量由高到低依次为45.5、21.8、16.4、8.5、4.8、0.113、0.11 μg/g。从空间分布特征来看，Cr、Cu、Zn和Pb高值区主要出现在付疃河口近岸和研究区中西部海域，Cd和As高值区位于研究区中东部海域。污染状况评估显示，Cr、Cu、Zn、As未出现污染；Cd轻度污染，个别站位达到中度污染，Hg、Pb部分站位呈轻度污染。潜在生态风险等级依次为：Cd＞Hg＞Cu＞As＞Pb＞Cr＞Zn，其中Cd和Hg表现为中生态风险，个别站位Cd为高风险危害。表层沉积物中Cu、Cr、Zn、Hg和Pb元素主要来源于陆源细粒物质的输入，Cd和As元素可能来源于钢铁冶炼、煤炭燃烧、农药、化肥以及海水养殖等。研究区表层沉积物中重金属空间分布主要受物源控制。 相似文献
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为了解三门湾海域表层沉积物重金属的含量和分布特征，本研究对三门湾海域2019年82个站位海域表层沉积物中的Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、As及Hg共7种重金属元素的含量进行测定，并对比10年前的数据，分析了元素含量的变化情况，追溯了其主要物质来源。结果表明，三门湾海域表层沉积物中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Hg的平均质量浓度分别是31.33、96.46、29.86、0.116、91.54、13.09、0.06 mg/kg,Cu、Cr的含量相对较高。与2009年相比，2019年三门湾海域表层沉积物Cu、Zn与Cd的含量大体上保持一致，Pb、Cr与As的含量有所上升，Hg的含量显著降低。沉积物重金属含量由近岸向外海依次降低，高值区主要集中在蛇蟠水道口、力洋港与健跳镇附近。运用主成分分析与因子分析对重金属物质来源进行解析的结果表明，重金属物质的来源与人类活动的影响密切相关。 相似文献
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采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对白令海北部、楚科奇海和加拿大海盆等亚北极海域表层沉积物中13种金属元素(Fe,Mn,Al,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr,Ba,Ag,Pb和U)的含量进行测定,结合富集系数(EF)和因子分析结果,探讨研究区的亚北极海域沉积物中各金属元素的可能影响因素。结果表明,在楚科奇海和加拿大海盆是Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cr,Ba,Ag,Fe,Mn,Al和Pb高值区,低值区大多出现在白令海北部;而U和Cd的高值区主要出现在楚科奇海北部,并表现出含量向加拿大海盆逐渐降低的趋势。EF分析结果显示:在目标海区的沉积物中Fe,Mn,Cu,Ag,Ba,Co,Ni和Pb未见富集;而Cr,Cd,Zn和U则表现出轻度富集。因子分析对于金属元素的聚类划分结果与通过EF计算对于金属元素富集程度的区分结果相吻合,因此Al,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Ag和Pb可能主要受到陆地岩石和土壤风化的影响;Cr,Cd和U主要受到陆源输入和人类活动影响,即人类活动是造成亚北极地区沉积物金属元素富集的重要原因;而Ba主要受生物活动影响;Fe和Zn不仅受自然来源和人为来源共同作用,还可能受到生物活动的影响。 相似文献
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2015年7月在泰国曼谷湾邦巴功河河口采集了1根1.5m长的沉积物柱样,分析了样品中重金属元素(Cd、Pb、Co、Ni、Cu、Cr、Zn)含量,进行了粒度和~(210)Pb、~(137)Cs活度测试,使用地累积指数、元素污染指数和潜在生态风险参数对重金属污染情况进行评级,并结合实际情况对污染来源进行了推断。结果表明:沉积柱状样210 Pb、137 Cs活度测试结果计算获得的沉积速率约为2.3cm/a,沉积物柱状样记录了1948—2015年的沉积情况。7种重金属元素含量均值分别为0.11、29.60、19.78、44.18、28.99、80.93、99.01mg/kg。重金属含量较20世纪都有所增长,Cd、Zn、Pb、Cr在整段沉积时间框架内增长明显。元素富集程度顺序为CdZnPbCrCuNiCo,Cd元素污染程度最为严重,Pb、Cu和Zn为偏中度污染,Cr、Ni和Co为轻度污染。单一重金属生态风险系数Eir评级顺序为CdPbCuNiCoCrZn。其中Cd为很强至极强生态危害,Pb为轻微至中等生态危害。Cd、Zn、Cu和Pb元素没有超出泰国沉积物环境质量基准规定的效应区间低值,Ni超出效应区间低值,但没有超过效应区间中值。重金属元素与Al较差的相关性表明重金属元素主要是非自然来源,Cd、Cu、Zn可能源于金属冶炼和交通,此外,Cd还可能存在其他未知工业污染来源,受人类活动影响较大。Cr可能源于纺织业发展。1990年之后较1990年之前重金属元素之间的相关性更差,指示1990年之后相比1990年之前重金属污染来源更复杂。 相似文献
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于2013年5月对高栏港湾内11个采样站位表层沉积物中Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Cr与As等重金属元素进行测定,探讨了表层沉积物重金属平均含量及其分布特征。并对由11个采样站位分组而成的4个区域(填海区、浇灌养殖排污区、航道区与外海区)进行了表层沉积物重金属的污染程度分析以及潜在生态风险评价。结果表明,该湾表层沉积物重金属的平均含量较低,除Cu与Cr属于国家海洋沉积物二类标准外,其余4种元素均低于国家海洋沉积物一类标准,平均含量由多到少依次为Zn、Cr、Cu、Pb、As、Cd。重金属的分布特征具有明显的区域性:除Cr外,其余5种重金属元素含量由高到低的区域依次为:填海区、浇灌养殖排污区、航道区、外海区。高栏港湾表层沉积物重金属单因子污染程度总体不高,属于中等污染水平,污染程度排序由大到小依次为Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb、As、Cr。高栏港湾表层沉积物生态风险评价处于较低水平,区域评价上由高到低依次为:填海区、浇灌养殖排污区、航道区、外海区,其中填海区的生态风险评价为中等水平,主要受Cd元素的高风险水平的影响。 相似文献
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渤海莱州湾表层沉积物中金属元素分布及环境质量 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
利用X-射线荧光光谱仪、等离子质谱仪或原子荧光光度计测定了莱州湾表层沉积物中金属元素的含量,探讨了它们的分布特征、来源及污染程度,结果表明,沉积物中铜、锌、铅、镉、砷、镍、铬、钴、钒、钪、铁、锰的含量由近岸向湾内递减,莱州湾北部海域的含量大于南部的。银含量高的沉积物主要分布在莱州湾中部偏西南的环流中心区。沉积物中砷和镍含量超过ERL值,潜在生态风险较高。富集系数和主成分分析显示,沉积物中铁、铜、锌、镉、砷、铬、镍、钴、锰、钒和钪为无富集,砷为轻度富集,铅和银为中度富集。铁、铜、锌、镉、铬、镍、钴、锰、钒、砷和钪主要来源于自然源,铅既有岩石和土壤风化产物硅酸盐矿物等自然源的贡献,又受到了人为活动的影响,银主要受人为活动的影响。聚类分析表明,可把莱州湾沉积物分为4类,其中黄河口西北缘沉积物中砷和镍污染生态风险最高,其次是莱州湾中部和北部。 相似文献
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于2002年9月在汕头湾采集了13个表层沉积物样品,测定了它们的细粒级组分、总有机质、铝、铁、锰、铜、锌、铅、镉、铬、镍、钴的含量,对其分布特征及其彼此之间相关性进行了分析,并以南海陆架区重金属含量为背景值计算了汕头湾表层沉积物重金属元素的富集系数,结果表明,铁、锰、铜、锌、铅、镉、铬、镍、钴的含量范围分别为2.91%~3.94%,427.85~810.96,24.43~79.49,84.83~248.50,35.56~50.25,0.30~1.75,36.11~74.22,16.99~31.69,8.22~10.87 mg/kg,其分布由汕头湾上游的榕江口至湾口呈波浪状递减(锰除外)。汕头湾表层沉积物中各重金属的富集系数均大于1,其中富集系数从大到小的重金属元素是铜、镉、铅、锌、镍、铬和锰。人为排污、水动力作用、黏土含量、盐度是多数重金属元素分布特征的控制因素。锰的分布特征更多地取决于汕头湾水域的氧化还原条件。 相似文献
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Distribution and their pollution assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of the Yalu River Estuary and its adjacent coastal waters 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
GAO Jianhu LI Jun Wang Harry V WANG Yaping WANG Zhenyan BAI Fenglong GAO Shu CHENG Yan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(6):12-23
The present paper deals with the distribution patterns of heavy metals and the associated influencing factors in the Yalu River Estuary and its adjacent coastal waters.Based upon the analysis of the surficial and core sediments measurements,the pollution of heavy metal and potential ecological risk were evaluated.The burial flux and contents of heavy metals(except for copper) have been continuously increasing since the 1920s.Therefore,the gross potential ecological risk for the sedi-ments was high or very high,and the study area was endangered by heavy metals contamination.Heavy metals originated mainly from upstream pollutant input,correlation analysis showed that chromium,nickel,zinc,cadmium,lead,arsenic,and mercury in the sediments of the middle and west channels as well as the sea area of the western Yalu River Estuary concentrations were most probably derived from similar sources.In contrast,the metal of copper most probably originated from sources different from the other metals.Preliminary studies indicate that copper contamination was most likely the result of emission from mining activities situated at the upstream of the river.The contents of heavy metals in the sediments of estuarine turbidity maximum zone of Yalu River were larger than those of any other areas in the middle channel.With large portion of fine sediments,weaker hydrodynamics,and richer sources of heavy metals,the sediments of the west channel,were even more enriched with heavy metals than those of the middle channel. 相似文献
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分析深圳湾表层沉积物中锌、铬、镉、镍、铅、铜等6种重金属元素的含量发现它们的浓度均值已全部超过广东省海岸带沉积物背景值。根据潜在生态危害法,在6种重金属中镉造成的污染最严重,从潜在的生态危害指数评价看镉的含量已达到很高的污染水平。从面状分布看,重金属污染危害指数值在深圳河口区最低,在蛇口段居中等水平,在深圳湾内侧的近岸水域最大。柱样沉积物的浓度变化以1950年为界划分为两部分:1950年以来的现代沉积物中有较强的人类活动干扰痕迹,表现为重金属元素的浓度增长幅度大,且浓度很高,其均值全部大于广东省海岸带的背景值;1950年以前的近代沉积物中有稍弱的人类活动干扰痕迹。研究认为沉积物粒度特征、沉积速率、人类活动与重金属在沉积物中的浓度高低有直接相关关系,并直接影响到重金属在沉积物中的污染水平。 相似文献
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Distribution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments and core sediments of the Shenzhen Bay in Guangdong Province, China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The concentration of zinc, chromium, cadmium, nickel, lead and copper was measured on both surface sediments and core sediments in the Shenzhen Bay. The average contents of all metals have exceeded the background values in the coastal zone of Guangdong Province. Cadmium is a heavy pollution matter which indicates a strong pollution level according to the ecological risk coefficient method. The ecological risk index of the whole area is 299 which belongs to middle and strong level. The area with strong pollution level is the near shore area closing to the inside of Shenzhen Bay, Shakou area is in the middle level while the weak pollution level occurs in Shenzhenhe Estuary according to ecological risk index. The four sediment cores can be divided into two parts based on lead-210 dating, sediments size analysis and economic development period in surrounding areas since 1950 with strong human intervention. The sediment size, deposition rate and human activities have positive relationship with the contents of heavy metals which directly impact the pollution level of heavy metals in sediments in Shenzhen Bay. 相似文献
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渤海沉积物重金属环境质量评价及其影响因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于渤海404个站位的沉积物重金属元素含量与分布特征，通过潜在生态风险、地累积指数等指标定量评价了沉积物中重金属的环境质量，利用富集因子和主成分分析法，对影响渤海表层沉积物中重金属元素分布特征的影响因素进行了分析。研究结果显示，渤海湾重金属元素平均含量最高，渤海海峡最低；渤海Cd具有强潜在生态风险，Hg具有中等?强潜在生态风险，总潜在生态风险程度为中等；Cr和Ni的少量站位超过毒性阈值上限，其余重金属污染物含量均低于毒性阈值下限，表明渤海发生沉积物重金属的毒性污染的概率很低。沉积物中粒度效应控制的重金属元素含量对渤海表层沉积物中的重金属元素的分布具有主要影响，人类活动所造成的污染主要是Cd，主要分布于辽东湾的锦州湾和复州湾，其次通过河流进入海洋的Hg对黄河三角洲及莱州湾有重要影响，亟需引起注意。 相似文献
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Concentrations of selected heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) from surface sediments, suspended particulate matter and settling particles in the southern Barcelona continental margin were studied in order to evaluate the environmental impact of the anthropogenic metals discharged by the Llobregat River in this Mediterranean area. The temporal variation of heavy metals discharged by this river onto the continental shelf is clearly related to the river water flow. Part of the fine sediment and associated heavy metals transported by the Llobregat River during periods of low river flow accumulate on the river bed, and they are totally removed and discharged onto the Barcelona continental shelf during sporadic river water flow increases. Metals produce significant anomalies of chromium (×2.5), copper (×3.4) and zinc (×3.7) in the surface sediments of the Llobregat prodelta and tend to be transported along the continental shelf following the mean flow. Metals associated with the finest suspended flocs transferred to the slope are controlled by the shelf-slope density front and are transported along slope by the general geostrophic current, instead of accumulating and becoming concentrated in the slope bottom sediments. Settling particulate matter collected in sediment traps on the Barcelona continental slope offshore of the shelf-slope front shows low heavy metal concentrations except in a few sediment trap samples that are significantly metal-enriched in chromium (×4.5) and zinc (×6.8). This enrichment is associated with very short and sporadic river flow increases and is only recorded inside the Foix submarine canyon, which acts as a preferential conduit for the shelf-slope sediment transfer. 相似文献
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Olivier Radakovitch Vincent Roussiez Patrick Ollivier Wolfgang Ludwig Christian Grenz Jean-Luc Probst 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008
Fluxes of the heavy metals chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) delivered by rivers to the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean Sea) were estimated over a three year study of the River Rhone and its smaller tributaries. Most of the particulate metal fluxes (80–90%) delivered by these rivers occurred within a very short period of time (less than 12%), a typical trend for the Mediterranean environment, where highly contrasting hydrological regimes were observed over the year. Temporal and spatial variations in the fluxes of these particulate metals were driven by the fluxes in both water discharge and suspended particulate matter load. On the shelf, these particulate metal fluxes, largely arising from the Rhone watershed, were two to ten times more important than those resulting from atmospheric deposition. Co, Cr and Ni in the rivers and on the shelf surface sediments were mainly natural and associated with the finest particles. Cd and Phosphorus appeared to be associated with the silt fraction and to be enriched in the prodelta areas. Pb, Zn and Cu were more closely associated with the organic matter content and also showed enrichment in the organic rich prodeltaic sediments. Anthropogenic influences diminished offshore, except for Pb and Zn which could be supplied from the atmosphere by man-made aerosols. Although most of the metals tended to be enriched in the prodelta areas, these did not constitute a permanent sink due to resuspension processes affecting these shallow depths. A resuspension experiment conducted on sediment cores from the Rhone prodelta demonstrated that metal deposited on the surface layer, especially those associated with the organic matter, may be resuspended; this should be taken into account for a complete understanding of the biogeochemical cycle of these metals. 相似文献
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根据2003和2006年长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物样品的粒度组成和元素铬、铜、镍、铅、锌、铝、钙和锶的含量,分析了重金属元素含量的分布特征,探讨了含量的变化趋势及其对人类活动的响应。自2003年三峡工程一期蓄水完成到2006年6月,长江输沙量逐年减少,长江口海域沉积物中黏土的百分含量明显增加,但是沉积物分布的总体格局并没有发生明显的变化。重金属元素大多在泥质区沉积物中富集,高值区沿岸线呈带状分布,在最大浑浊带和口外羽状锋处达到峰值。在长江大量物质输入的背景下,研究区沉积物中重金属元素含量相对其他类似河口较低。河流的陆源颗粒输入、水动力条件、细颗粒物质的吸附以及絮凝作用是控制沉积物中重金属元素含量分布的主要因素,氧化还原条件也对重金属元素含量变化有一定的影响。人类活动(重大工程的建设和人为污染)对长江口外泥质区中重金属元素含量有重要影响,尤其对铅和锌的含量及其分布的影响显著。自2003年三峡工程一期蓄水以来,长江口海域表层沉积物中重金属元素沉积机制未有明显的变化,但是重金属元素含量有逐渐降低的趋势。 相似文献
20.
This study investigated differences in the community structure and environmental responses of the bacterial community in sediments of the Bohai Sea.Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology and real-time PCR were used to assay the bacterial 16S rRNA genes in the surface sediments of 13 sampling stations in the Bohai Sea.The results showed that sediments at the majority of the 13 sampling stations were contaminated by heavy metal mercury.The main phyla of bacteria recorded included Proteobacteria(52.92%),Bacteroidetes(11.76%),Planctomycetes(7.39%),Acidobacteria(6.53%)and Chloroflexi(4.97%).The genus with the highest relative abundance was Desulfobulbus(4.99%),which was the dominant genus at most sampling stations,followed by Lutimonas and Halioglobus.The main factors influencing bacterial community structure were total organic carbon,followed by depth and total phosphorus.The content of lead,cadmium,chromium,copper and zinc had a consistent effect on community structure.Arsenic showed a negative correlation with bacterial community structure in most samples,while the impact of mercury on community structure was not significant.The bacterial community in sediment samples from the Bohai Sea was rich in diversity and displayed an increase in diversity from high to low latitudes.The data indicated that the Bohai Sea had abundant microbial resources and was rich in bacteria with the potential to metabolize many types of pollutants. 相似文献