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1.
1999年夏季南海北部和北部湾海域粒度分级叶绿素a和初级生产力的分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南海是一个半封闭的边缘海，与中国和东南亚大陆相毗连。以往对南海海域物理海洋学的研究较多，对浮游植物生物量和生产力的研究较少，且大多研究均集中于西沙和南沙群岛(杨嘉东，1993；陈兴群等，1989)，对南海北部海域的研究较少(黄良民，1992)。目前，尚未见有关南海北部海域粒度分级的研究报道。
南海北部湾是中国的第四大渔场，除1994年对北部湾全海域进行过生物资源调查外(刘子琳等，1998)，其他仅见小范围的调查，如在菜州湾邻近海区(昌瑞华等，1995)，但未见其他有关浮游植物现存量和初级生产力的研究报道。
海洋光能自养浮游植物作为海洋食物网结构中的基础环节，在海洋生态系的物质循环和能量转化过程中起着重要作用。叶绿素a(Chl a)浓度是表征光能自养生物量和反映海水肥瘠程度的重要指标；初级生产力(PP)反映海域自养浮游生物生产有机碳的能力，是海洋生态系研究的重要内容，也是海域生物资源评估的重要依据。
本文报道了南海北部海域和北部湾海域粒度分级叶绿素a和初级生产力的分布特征，可为渔业资源评估和海区环境质量评价提供科学依据。而且调查中对叶绿素a和初级生产力分三级(Net级份，>20μm；Nano级份，2~20μm；Pico级份，<2μm)进行粒度分析测定，从更深层次上来研究该海区浮游植物群落生物量和生产力的粒度结构及其环境调控。 相似文献
2.
2002年夏季南极普里兹湾及其邻近海域浮游植物现存量、初级生产力粒级结构和新生产力研究 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
2002年1～2月,在南极普里兹湾及其北部海区对浮游植物生物量、优势种类组成、细胞丰度、初级生产力和新生产力的观测结果表明,叶绿素a浓度、初级生产力和新生产力的高值均出现在湾内及湾口陆架区,并且远高于陆坡和深海区.湾内和湾口陆架区表层叶绿素a浓度均高于1 mg/m3,平均为(2.34±0.85)mg/m3,而陆坡区和深海区平均只有(0.19±0.14)和(0.15±0.05)mg/m3.湾内和陆架区平均初级生产力[(355.8±192.1)mg/(m2·d)]高于陆坡区[(82.0±20.8)mg/(m2·d)]和深海区[(100.5±83.4)mg/(m2·d)].在陆坡和深海区初级生产力的粒级结构以微微型浮游生物(<2 μm)对初级生产力的贡献最大(分别为49.6%和46.2%),湾内和陆架区则以小型浮游生物(为20～280 μm)的贡献为主(66.2%).在湾内和湾口陆架区同时具有较高的新生产力和再生生产力. 相似文献
3.
黑潮源区及其邻近海域叶绿素a浓度的季节分布 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
2001年冬季、2002年春季和秋季在琉球群岛、台湾岛和吕宋岛以东的西北太平洋黑潮源区及其邻近海域观测叶绿素a浓度季节分布及其粒级结构。结果表明,冬季表层平均叶绿素a浓度高于春季和秋季,台湾岛及以北岛链东南部的北部测区叶绿素a浓度高于巴士海峡及吕宋岛以东的南部海区。叶绿素a垂直分布呈真光层内随垂直深度增加而浓度增大,真光层下至水深200m随垂直深度增加而浓度降低的分布趋势。春季和秋季叶绿素a浓度粒级结构表明,微微型光合浮游生物(Pico级份)对总叶绿素a的贡献占优势,微型(Nano级份)次之,小型(Micro级份)所占比例最小。表层水光合浮游植物细胞丰度在(1.3~13.5)×103cells/dm3,以小粒径的硅藻占优势。呈现出微微型光合浮游生物在观测海区的重要性。 相似文献
4.
2009年2月在南海北部海域现场观测粒度分级叶绿素a质量浓度和初级生产力(PP)的分布。结果表明,调查海域水柱平均叶绿素a质量浓度的变化范围为0.11～8.37 mg/m3,平均为(1.28±2.23) mg/m3,高值区出现在珠江口及近岸海域;初级生产力的范围为344.8～1 222.5 mgC/(m2·d),平均为(784.2±351.4) mgC/(m2·d),高值区位于近岸及陆架海域。浮游植物粒度分级测定结果表明,在生物量较高的近岸海域,叶绿素a的粒级结构以小型浮游植物占优势,其贡献率为40.9%,微型和微微型浮游植物对总叶绿素a的贡献率分别为34.6%和24.5%;而在生物量较低的陆坡和开阔海域,各粒级浮游植物对叶绿素a的贡献率由大到小依次为微微型浮游植物(78.9%),微型浮游植物(17.2%)和小型浮游植物(3.9%)。相关性分析结果表明,调查海域分级叶绿素a的区域化分布特征与洋流运动下营养盐的分布密切相关,同时叶绿素a又高度影响着此区域PP的分布。此外,我们将调查海域实测所得浮游植物最佳光合作用速率与采用垂向归一化初级生产力模型估算的数据进行对比,发现后者明显低于前者,这说明通过水温估算最佳光合作用速率的算法在冬季南海北部可能存在低估。 相似文献
5.
2011 年春、夏季黄、东海叶绿素a和初级生产力的时空变化特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
依据2011年春、夏两季黄、东海调查资料,分析了叶绿素a和初级生产力的空间分布和季节变化特征,并分析了主要影响因素。南黄海、东海北部春季叶绿素a平均含量为74.83mg/m2,夏季为23.84mg/m2,春季明显高于夏季。春季大部分海域叶绿素a含量垂直分布均匀,夏季则出现较为明显的分层现象,在次表层出现最大值。初级生产力水平春季为993.9mgC/(m2.d),夏季为1274mgC/(m2.d),与1984—1985年相比有所升高。春季高值区出现在黄海中部及长江口附近海域;夏季高值区主要分布在山东半岛南岸近海海域、长江口外的黄、东海交界海域以及浙江省沿岸海域。春季整个调查海区叶绿素a浓度与磷酸盐浓度呈显著负相关,与氮磷比呈显著的正相关性,表明黄、东海春季磷酸盐可能成为浮游植物生长的一个限制因子。 相似文献
6.
2002年10～11月在15°00′～27°40′N,121°30′～131°00′E的吕宋岛、台湾岛和琉球群岛以东的西北太平洋副热带环流区设测站121个,观测了该区表层和水柱中的叶绿素a质量浓度分布和光合浮游生物粒级结构。结果表明,观测海区秋季叶绿素a的质量浓度较低,变化幅度较小,变幅范围为0.039～0.271μg/dm3。台湾岛至琉球群岛以东的北部测区平均叶绿素a质量浓度高于吕宋岛以东的南部测区。叶绿素a含量的垂直分布在真光层内随深度的增加而增大,在真光层以下却随深度增加而降低。表层水的光合浮游植物细胞丰度较低,并以小粒径的硅藻占优势,细胞丰度约为103个/dm3。粒度分级结果表明,Pico级份的光合浮游生物占绝对优势(86%),Nano级份次之(11%),大细胞的Net级份所占比例最小(3%),呈现出微微型光合浮游生物在寡营养海区居重要地位的状况。 相似文献
7.
珠江口初级生产力和新生产力研究 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：18
1996年12月和1997年8月在珠江河口湾及其毗邻海域对浮游植物生物量、初级生产力和新生产力及其环境制约机制的研究.结果表明,调查海区的叶绿素a、初级生产力和新生产力均是夏季高于冬季,冬、夏两季的平均值分别为(0.95±0.41)和(1.08±0.52)μg/dm3,(69.2±75.5)和(198.7±119.1)mg/(m2·d),(1.46±0.79)和(3.05±3.09)mg/(m3·h).冬、夏两季平均f-比分别为0.45和0.38.分级叶绿素a结果显示,冬、夏两季均以微型和微微型级分(<20μm)占优势,其对海区叶绿素a的贡献分别为796%和81.6%,对初级生产力的贡献分别为70.7%和896%.调查海区具显著的空间区域化特征,叶绿素a和潜在初级生产力的高值出现在冲淡水区的中部,向口门区和远岸区逐渐降低.现场初级生产力的高值出现在远岸区,它与复合参数BeZpI0(Be为真光层平均叶绿素a,Zp为真光层深度,I0为海面光辐射强度-PAR)呈很好的正相关,说明光是研究海区初级生产力的主要限制因子.新生产力冬、夏两季的高值分别出现在交椅湾和伶仃洋西南部. 相似文献
8.
碱性磷酸酶活性(alkaline phosphatase activity, APA)是海洋研究中用于反映浮游植物磷限制状态的重要指标。在长江口等“氮过剩”海域,磷是控制海域初级生产力水平的主要因子,然而,磷限制的范围常常难以界定,当前对不同粒级浮游植物的磷限制效应所知甚少。该文根据2020年夏季长江口航次资料,给出了海洋表层各粒级浮游植物(Net:≥20 μm;Nano:2~20 μm;Pico:0.8~2 μm)APA、浮游细菌APA(0.2~0.8 μm)和溶解态APA(<0.2 μm)的空间分布特征,并分析了APA与环境要素间的相关性。结果显示,各粒级浮游植物APA均与无机磷酸盐浓度(dissolved inorganic phosphate, DIP)呈显著负相关,这表明DIP浓度是影响浮游植物APA分布的主要因素。在平面分布上,各粒级浮游植物APA在近口门的光限制区均较低,且呈现自口门向外逐渐升高的趋势,与DIP的分布特征相反。Net和Nano级APA[平均值分别为 (40.28±32.35) nmol/(L·h)和(52.38±34.78) nmol/(L·h)]显著高于Pico级APA[平均值为(28.43±20.23) nmol/(L·h)],这表明大粒级浮游植物可能更易受DIP下降的影响。该研究中,诱导浮游植物APA快速升高的DIP浓度为0.159 μmol/L,与近岸区磷限制经验阈值相接近。该研究揭示了夏季不同粒级浮游植物对长江口磷分布的响应特征,有助于理解长江口初级生产过程的环境调控机制。 相似文献
9.
莱州湾及潍河口夏季浮游植物生物量和初级生产力的分布 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
于1998年6月黄河断流期在潍河口及其邻近海域进行了水文、化学和生物等专业综合外业调查.对此海区浮游植物叶绿素a浓度、脱镁色素浓度和初级生产力的变化进行了分析.研究结果表明,叶绿素a浓度介于0.089～5.444mg/m3之间,平均值为1.331mg/m3;脱镁色素浓度介于0.176～3.402mg/m3之间,平均值为0.905mg/m3.叶绿素a和脱镁色素浓度高密度区分布在小清河口附近、潍河口内及潍河口以外临近海域.初级生产力介于13.58～301.54mg/(d·m2)之间,平均值为62.49mg/(d·m2).水柱初级生产力高值区分布在小清河口和37.30°N,119.47°E附近.对水文、化学和浮游动物等环境因子与浮游植物生物量和初级生产力的相关性分析表明,整个调查区,浮游植物生物量和初级生产力与海区潮汐、光照、磷酸盐、硅酸盐和微型浮游动物等环境因子密切相关,同氨盐、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的作用不明显,其中潍河口内浮游植物的生物量分布同潮汐的关系最为密切.夏季此海域浮游植物生长主要受磷酸盐和硅酸盐的限制.调查海域浮游植物生物量及生产力水平较历史同期有所增加. 相似文献
10.
广东流沙湾叶绿素a含量和初级生产力状况的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对流沙湾叶绿素a含量和初级生产力周年调查结果表明, 流沙湾叶绿素a含量变化在0.09—25.35mg/m3之间, 平均2.91mg/m3。叶绿素a含量有明显的月变化, 各站位叶绿素a含量在3—5月份较低, 最高出现在8月份和11月份, 平均4.58mg/m3, 出现二个峰值。同一站位不同月份叶绿素a含量总体上差异显著(P<0.05)。流沙湾的初级生产力变化范围是6.89—1482.55mgC/(m2·d), 平均242.74mgC/(m2·d)。初级生产力不同月份存在着明显的差异, 其中, 11月份最高, 8月份和翌年1月份次之, 3—5月份初级生产力处于最低水平。流沙湾叶绿素a含量和初级生产力有明显的水平分布, 最高值出现在湾中央处的4号站和湾北部的5号站, 最低值出现在湾口西部的1号站和湾底南部的9号站, 各站位之间总体上差异显著(P<0.05)。 相似文献
11.
2012年夏季中国第5次北极科学考察期间,对北冰洋楚科奇海及其北部边缘海浮游细菌丰度和生产力进行了测定,并将其与环境因子进行了相关性分析。结果显示,楚科奇海浮游细菌丰度的变化范围为0.56×108~6.41×108 cells/dm3,平均为2.25×108 cells/dm3;细菌生产力介于0.042~1.92mg/(m3·d)(以碳计)之间,平均为0.54mg/(m3·d)(以碳计),与已有研究结果基本相当。陆架区细菌丰度和生产力要明显高于北部边缘区,但前者的单位细菌生产力则较低。与环境因子的相关性分析显示,细菌丰度与温度和叶绿素a浓度存在显著正相关(p0.01),表明北极变暖导致的海水升温及浮游植物生物量的增加均会促进细菌的生长,从而进一步提高细菌在海洋生态系统和碳循环中的作用。但陆架区的细菌生产力与环境参数均没有显著相关性,表明其影响因素较为复杂;生产力在北部边缘区则仅与叶绿素a存在显著正相关(p0.01),表明浮游植物生长过程产生的溶解有机碳(DOC)是细菌生长最为主要的碳源,碳源的单一可能制约细菌的生产从而导致该海域无冰状态下细菌丰度的增加不如预期,但融冰过程带来的大量DOC将促进细菌活性的增加。 相似文献
12.
影响北欧海和楚科奇海夏季细菌丰度和生产力的因素 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Abundance and production of bacterioplankton were measured in the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea during the5 th Chinese Arctic Research Expedition in summer 2012.The results showed that average bacterial abundances ranged from 3.31×10~(11) cells/m~3 to 2.25× 10~(11)cells/m~3,and average bacterial productions(calculated by carbon)were 0.46 mg/(m~3·d) and 0.54 mg/(m~3·d) in the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea,respectively.T-test result showed that bacterial abundances were significantly different between the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea,however,no significant difference was observed regarding bacterial productions.Based on the slope of lg bacterial biomass versus lg bacterial production,bacterial communities in the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea were moderately dominated by bottom-up control.Both Pearson correlation analysis and multivariable linear regression indicated that temperature had significant positive correlation with bacterial abundance in the Chukchi Sea,while no correlations with productions in both areas.Meanwhile,Chl a had positive correlations with both bacterial abundance and production in these two regions.As the temperature and Chl a keep changing in the future,we suggest that both bacterial abundance and production been hanced in the Chukchi Sea but weaken in the Nordic seas,though the enhancement will not be dramatic as a result of higher pressure of predation and viral lysis. 相似文献
13.
In this study, the horizontal and vertical distribution of primary production(PP) and its monthly variations were described based on field data collected from the Daya Bay in January–December of 2016. The relationships between PP and environmental factors were analyzed using a general additive model(GAM). Significant seasonal differences were observed in the horizontal distribution of PP, while vertical distribution showed a relatively consistent unimodal pattern. The monthly average PP(calculated by carbon) ranged from 48.03 to 390.56 mg/(m~2·h),with an annual average of 182.77 mg/(m~2·h). The highest PP was observed in May and the lowest in November.Additionally, the overall trend in PP was springsummerwinterautumn, and spring PP was approximately three times that of autumn PP. GAM analysis revealed that temperature, bottom salinity, phytoplankton, and photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) had no significant relationships with PP, while longitude, depth, surface salinity, chlorophyll a(Chl a) and transparency were significantly correlated with PP. Overall, the results presented herein indicate that monsoonal changes and terrestrial and offshore water systems have crucial effects on environmental factors that are associated with PP changes. 相似文献
14.
We collected surface water along the 142nd E meridian from Tasmania to Antarctica in December 1999. We measured temperature,
salinity and total chlorophyll a; additionally, we collected suspended particle size fractions and used fluorometric analysis to determine the quantity of
chlorophyll a in each of four cell size classes: picoplankton (<3 μm), two nanoplankton fractions (3–10 μm and 10–20 μm) and microplankton
(> 20 μm). Changes in temperature and salinity show that we crossed 6 water masses separated by 5 fronts. We found low abundance
(<0.2 mg m−3) of chlorophyll in all size classes, with the exception of higher values near the continent (0.2 to 0.4 mg m−3). Lowest chlorophyll values (<0.1 mg m−3) were found in the Polar Frontal Zone (51° to 54°S). Microplankton made up the largest portion of total chlorophyll throughout
most of the region. We conclude that biomass of all phytoplankton fractions, especially pico-and nanoplankton, was constrained
by limiting factors, most probably iron, throughout the region and that ecosystem dynamics within a zone are not circumpolar
but are regionalized within sectors. 相似文献
15.
南极普里兹湾浮游植物现存量与初级生产力粒级结构和新生产力研究 总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5
报道1998～1999年夏季在南极普里兹湾及其毗邻海域对细胞丰度、优势种类组成、生物量和初级生产力的粒级结构、新生产力及其环境制约机制的研究.结果表明,调查海区具有显著的空间区域化特征.普里兹湾及其毗邻陆架区浮游植物现存生物量和生产力均较高,大陆坡和深海区明显降低;营养盐浓度由于浮游植物的消耗则有相反的分布趋势.浮游植物生物量和生产力受水体的垂直稳定度、浮游动物摄食、水温和光照等环境条件的控制.粒度分级测定结果表明,对调查海区叶绿素a的贡献,小型浮游生物为52.2%,微型为29.4%,微微型为18.4%;对初级生产力的贡献,小型为52.4%,微型为28.7%,微微型为18.9%.研究海区的平均新生产力和f比分别为230.6mg/(m2·d)和0.43. 相似文献
16.
L. V. Ilyash I. G. Radchenko L. L. Kuznetsov A. P. Lisitzyn D. M. Martynova A. N. Novigatskiy A. L. Chul’tsova 《Oceanology》2011,51(1):19-26
The species composition, cell concentration (N), and biomass (B) of the phytoplankton, as well as the chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration, primary production (PP), and the concentrations of the dissolved inorganic micronutrients (phosphorus, silica, nitrogen as nitrite), were estimated
for Kandalaksha Bay (KB), Dvina Bay (DB), and the basin (Bas) of the White Sea in August of 2004. The micronutrient concentrations
were lower compared to the average long-term values for the summer period. The Chl a concentration varies from 0.9 to 2.0 mg/m3 for most of the studied areas, reaching up to 7.5 mg/m3 in the Northern Dvina River estuary. The surface water layer of the DB was the most productive area, where the PP reached up to 270–375 mg C/(m3 day). The phytoplankton biomass varied from 11 to 205 mg C/m3 with the highest values observed in the Bas and DB. Three groups of stations were defined during the analysis of the phytoplankton’s
species composition similarity. The dinoflagellates Dinophysis norvegica and Ceratium fusus were particular to the phytoplankton assemblages in the KB; the diatom Ditylum brightwellii was particular to the upper and central parts of the DB. These three phytoplankton species were less abundant in the Bas. 相似文献
17.
The area of Arctic sea ice has dramatically decreased, and the length of the open water season has increased;these patterns have been observed by satellite remote sensing since the 1970 s. In this paper, we calculate the net primary productivity(NPP, calculated by carbon) from 2003 to 2016 based on sea ice concentration products,chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentration, photosynthetically active radiation(PAR), sea surface temperature(SST), and sunshine duration data. We then analyse the spatiotemporal changes in the Chl a concentration and NPP and further investigate the relations among NPP, the open water area, and the length of the open water season. The results indicate that(1) the Chl a concentration increased by 0.025 mg/m~3 per year;(2) the NPP increased by 4.29 mg/(m~2·d) per year, reaching a maximum of 525.74 mg/(m~2·d) in 2016; and(3) the Arctic open water area increased by 57.23×10~3 km~2/a, with a growth rate of 1.53 d/a for the length of the open water season. The annual NPP was significantly positively related to the open water area, the length of the open water season and the SST.The daily NPP was also found to have a lag correlation with the open water area, with a lag time of two months.With global warming, NPP has maintained an increasing trend, with the most significant increase occurring in the Kara Sea. In summary, this study provides a macroscopic understanding of the distribution of phytoplankton in the Arctic, which is valuable information for the evaluation and management of marine ecological environments. 相似文献
18.
The spatial distribution of the primary production (PP) and the chlorophyll a concentration (Chl) were investigated during two research cruises in the Drake Passage area in October–November of 2007 and
2008. The algorithm evaluating the integral PP (PPint) for the water column in this area was developed based on the data on the surface chlorophyll (Chls) and the incident solar irradiance obtained in 2004–2008 in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean. The results obtained
both by the experimental and model approaches suggested that the Polar Front (PF) region of the Drake Passage was characterized
by low values of both the PPint (<100 mg C/m2 per day) and Chls (0.08–0.20 mg/m3) in October–November. Low values of the Chls and relatively high phaeophytine a concentrations indicated the winter succession state of the phytoplankton community in the Antarctic Ocean and the southern
Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ). The seasonal warming of the surface water layers and the developing pycnocline resulted in a phytoplankton
bloom and a Chls concentration of more than 1 mg/m3 in mid-November in this area and the Subantarctic waters. 相似文献