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钝顶螺旋藻的硝酸还原酶与氢酶之间的电子竞争 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
于1994年6－11月，运用生物化学方法以钝项螺旋藻为材料制备整体细胞和无细胞提取物。测定表明，整体细胞硝酸还原酶与氢酶活性的相互关系和无细胞提取物氢酶与硝酸还原酶的（对还原甲基紫精）Km值，分别为2．299×10－7mol／L和1．098×10－7mol／L；证实在硝酸还原酶与氢酶之间存在着电子竞争。 相似文献
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为了研究Mre B在钝顶螺旋藻Spirulina platensis形态建成中的作用,克隆了mre B基因并进行原核表达,对表达的融合蛋白进行了纯化,免疫小鼠制备了Mre B的多克隆抗体,分别用Western blot和免疫荧光技术检测不同形态藻丝体中Mre B的表达和定位,结果显示Mre B表达量在螺旋形和直线形两种藻丝体中无明显差异;免疫荧光定位显示,荧光主要分布于细胞膜下一圈,侧面可观察到荧光呈双股螺旋状分布。实验结果说明,Mre B含量不是导致螺旋藻形态改变的因素,Mre B细胞骨架蛋白参与指导细胞壁肽聚糖的合成,所以有可能通过其双螺旋结构在藻细胞中的不对称分布影响螺旋藻的形态。 相似文献
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藻胆蛋白在食品、化妆品等领域中具有广泛的应用前景,同时也可以作为医学研究中的荧光标记物和氧化应激疾病的潜在治疗药物。高纯度藻胆蛋白的分离纯化一直是国内外的研究热点。目前,蓝藻中的螺旋藻和红藻中的微藻紫球藻是研究较多的材料,龙须菜近年来的广泛种植,扩大了原材料的来源。藻胆蛋白的粗提主要是由物理破碎和化学沉淀组成,破碎的方法因原料的不同而具有一定的差异。高纯度的藻胆蛋白获取主要是通过离子交换,疏水层析等方法,这些方法耗时长,回收率低;双水相萃取,利凡诺沉淀,壳聚糖和活性碳吸附沉淀为人们分离纯化藻胆蛋白提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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The northern New England beach wrack community with special reference to the cosmopolitan amphipod crustacean, Orchestia platensis, was examined at estuarine and open coastal habitats. Beach wrack was dominated by the plant genera Ascophyllum, Zostera, Spartina and Chondrus, and was most abundant during spring and late summer. Animal community numbers, biomass and frequency in fresh to moderately decomposed wrack were dominated by O. platensis throughout the year at all habitats; oligochaetes and Collembola were also important. The abundance of O. platensis showed high spatial and temporal variability, with low abundance generally associated with decreased amounts of wrack during colder months. An exception was the winter presence of the species at one estuarine habitat, in patchy aggregations within gravel-cobble refuges. The abundance of O. platensis averaged 1280 (0.04 m2)−1, with a maximum of 7040 (0.04 m2)−1. The life cycle of O. platensis is bivoltine, with summer-hatched young reaching maturity within 1 month. Laboratory studies indicate females with up to 4 broods (30 days)−1, averaging 18 eggs brood−1.Orchestia platensis is omnivorous, eating fresh plant tissue, live oligochaetes, Limulus eggs and diatom ‘fuzz’. The rate of laboratory consumption of algae and Zostera was 0.05 mg plant mg−1 wet body weight day−1. Presumptive predators of O. platensis are juvenile green crab, Carcinus maenus, and the earwig. Anisolabis maritima. The mobility, aggregation and aggressiveness of O. platensis assist the species in establishing and maintaining populations in the rigorous wrack habitat. The general competitive superiority of O. platensis over its congener, O. gammarella, and the co-occurrence of these species on both eastern and western Atlantic shores is discussed. 相似文献
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研究了海洋链霉菌分离株M095的基因转移系统。利用属间接合转移将具有oriT的大肠杆菌-链霉菌穿梭质粒pIJ8600转入EscherichiacoliET12567(pUZ8002)中,获得供体菌。将供体菌与预萌发的菌株M095的孢子进行接合转移,将质粒pIJ8600转入菌株M095中,其转化率为1.99×10-4个接合转化子/受体。Southern杂交证明质粒pIJ8600已经整合到菌株M095的染色体上。同时,将来自Spirulinamaxima(Cyanophyta)的别藻蓝蛋白基因(apc)克隆在质粒pIJ8600的XbaI和BglII位点,产生质粒pAPIJ。用接合转移法将质粒pAPIJ转入菌株M095。通过SDS-PAGE分析,得到2个大小为22ku和17ku的蛋白,分别相对应于别藻蓝蛋白的α和β亚基。这些结果进一步证明菌株M095的遗传转化体系已经成功建立起来,这将为其他海洋放线菌遗传转化工作的研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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钝顶螺旋藻C-藻蓝蛋白分子内不同基团间能量传递的研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
于１９９６年８－１２月,从钝顶螺旋藻中分离纯化Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白,并用荧光光谱法对Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白分子内不同基团间的能量传递进行研究,结果表明,Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白分子内芳香族氨基酸残基能将能量传至与脱辅基蛋白共价结合的色基,从而使色基产生相应的荧光,Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白分子２４０－２４５ｎｍ的荧光激发峰产生于二硫键,它也能将吸收的能量传至色基;同时还发现,溶液状态下的Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白分子内,色氨酸残基可能位于分子内部的疏水区 相似文献
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三十烷醇对极大螺旋藻生物量及生化组成的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
在Zarrouk液体培养基中加入1g/m3液体三十烷醇(LTA),极大螺旋藻(Spirulina maxima)的生物量增加了24.6%~25.7%,即使在碳源NaHCO3减半(实验组2)的条件下生物量仍增加了4.43%~4.92%;碳水化合物含量增加了11.9%~16.0%,在实验组2条件下也增加5.7%~8.3%;叶绿素增加率为45.8%~63.3%;蛋白质总量基本不变,但水溶性蛋白的含量明显增加,从对照组的36%增长至实验组的60%左右,而水不溶性蛋白的含量则明显从30%左右减至10%左右.从螺旋藻生产基地的中试培养结果看,加入1g/m3液体三十烷醇,生物量提高了39.76%,比在实验室条件下获得更好的增产效果,但加入固体三十烷醇(STA)反而减少12%.以上结果表明,在极大螺旋藻培养基中添加液体三十烷醇可大幅度提高生物量和生化组成的含量. 相似文献
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用单因素分析法研究6一苄基氨基嘌呤(6-BA)、萘乙酸(NAA)和赤霉素(GA)3种植物激素对螺旋藻生长和代谢产物含量的影响.结果显示,添加NAA(0.4 mg/L)和GA(1.0 mg/L)分别使钝顶螺旋藻(Speruli-na pzatensis)和极大螺旋藻(Spirulina maximum)生物量达到最大值,与对照相比提高了49.1%和65.2%,比生长速率增加了66.7%和28.6%.同样,激素可以显著地影响螺旋藻的代谢产物含量.对于钝顶螺旋藻,GA(0.1 mg/L)使胞外总糖含量增加5倍;GA(0.3 mg/L)使胞内总糖含量提高5倍;6-BA(0.2 mg/L)使胞内蛋白含量提高27.8%;NAA(0.2 111g/L)使SOD酶比活力提高3.47倍.对于极大螺旋藻,GA(0.3 nlg/L)使胞外总糖含量增加1.32倍,使胞内总糖含量提高2倍;NAA(1.6mg/L)使胞内蛋白含量提高66.7%,6-BA(1.6 mg/L)使SOD酶比活力提高3.47倍.因此植物激素对螺旋藻生长和代谢产物合成有明显的促进作用,该结果为高密度规模化生产奠定基础. 相似文献
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Zhang Xuecheng 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(Z1):173-178
碳源对于进行光合作用的各种藻类是必不可少的。螺旋藻的生 态习性是在高pH环境下生长,因此螺旋藻碳代谢的研究有特殊的意义。文中报道了螺旋藻对 无机碳的吸收利用以及与其生长的关系,结果表明螺旋藻培养基中碳酸氢钠的浓度50～100mm ol/dm3时,不仅可以满足螺旋藻生长的需要,而且有助于保持藻体生长的pH值。结果还表 明适当添加碳酸氢氨有利于螺旋藻的生长。 相似文献
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在不同温度和光强下培养极大螺旋藻438(Spirulina maxim438),得到其积累多糖规律为:不利于螺旋藻生长的温度、光照条件,会促进胞外多糖EPS(extracellular polysaccharide,EPS)的分泌,而螺旋藻最适生长条件(30℃,5000lx)与胞内多糖IPS(intracellular polysaccharide,IPS)积累的条件一致。MTT(四甲基偶氮唑盐)法体外实验证明IPS和EPS对人宫颈癌Hela细胞有抑制作用,最佳作用浓度分别为80μg/mL,100μg/mL。Caspase-3试剂盒检测经两种多糖作用后Hela细胞Caspase-3酶的变化,结果显示:处理组比对照组Caspase-3酶活性有明显提高,预示着多糖抑制肿瘤细胞的机制可能是通过Caspase途径,引起细胞的凋亡。 相似文献
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极大螺旋藻富积重金属机理的研究 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
于1993年5月由南京大学藻类培养室提供极大螺旋藻藻种,用Zarrouk培养基培养后,用活藻体和甲醛杀死的藻体分别进行吸附实验;过滤出的藻体置于6×10－3g／L左右浓度的Co2+,Ni2+,Cu2+,Zn2+离子混合液中。结果显示,死、活藻体都具有相似的吸附能力,对Co2+,Ni2+,Zn2+的富积大于203倍,对Cu2+的富积大于185倍;用热水提取、DEAE-纤维素D-23柱和SephadexG－200柱纯化后,获得了纯细胞外壁多糖,其分子量为52kD。将该糖溶液盛在透析袋内,并置于4种离子混合液中进行吸附实验,结果显示,核糖对Co2+,Ni2+,Cu2+,Zn2+的富积倍数分别达1744,1644,1340,1750。藻体和多糖对Co2+,Ni2+,Zn2+的吸附都高于对Cu2+的吸附。比较藻体与多糖对4种离子的吸附结果可见,藻体对离子的吸附主要是多糖的作用;多糖的红外光谱显示,金属离子改变OH和CO－NH的吸收峰,表明这两种基团与金属离子发生了络合作用;对Cu2+的络合滴定测定表明,Cu2+与多糖的结合度为0．40。 相似文献
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利用改良的SDS法提取钝顶螺旋藻基因组DNA，经Sau3AI酶切，回收1～2kb大小的片段，与BamHI（Sau3AI的同尾酶）酶切并去磷酸化后的pBR322质粒载体相连接，转入大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）Top10细胞，构建了螺旋藻基因组质粒文库。根据pBR322载体上多克隆位点两侧序列设计锚定引物，根据丝状蓝藻丝氨酸／苏氨酸激酶（STK）保守序列设计简并引物，以螺旋藻质粒文库为模板，“巢式”扩增出了STK基因部分序列。螺旋藻基因组质粒文库的构建为功能基因研究提供了极大方便。 相似文献
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几种红藻和蓝藻藻胆体的分离和光谱特性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文分析了高等红藻龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)藻胆体的吸收光谱和荧光光谱,并与低等红藻条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis)及蓝藻钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)作了比较研究。龙须菜藻胆体的吸收峰位于498nm、541nm、565nm、620nm和650nm。荧光发射峰位于576nm和672nm。从光谱学性质和能量传递分析,龙须菜和条斑紫菜胆体的组成、结构相似,但有细微差别。而螺旋藻藻胆体的组成、结构则与两种红藻差别较大。 相似文献
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Zai-Jin You 《Ocean Engineering》1998,26(3):277-285
A simple model is developed to study the inception of sheet flow in oscillatory flow based on the available experimental data. The inception of sheet flow in oscillatory flow is well defined by the simple model: A/d=KA2ω/ν+B, where A is the semi-excursion of wave orbital motion near the bed, d is the grain size, ω is the angular frequency, ν is the kinematic viscosity of water, and K and B are the coefficients and dependent on sediment properties only. The inception velocity of sheet flow derived from the model is shown to be the function of grain size d, oscillatory period T and specific sediment density s. For a given sediment, the inception velocity is found to increase sharply initially with T and then approach a constant at T>6.0 s. The present model is quite simple and gives good agreement with the available experimental data. 相似文献
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Mooring forces in horizontal interlaced moored floating pipe breakwater with three layers 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The paper presents the results from model scale experiments on the study of forces in the moorings of horizontally interlaced, multi-layered, moored floating pipe breakwaters. The studies are conducted with breakwater models having three layers subjected to waves of steepness Hi/L (Hi is the incident wave height and L the wavelength) varying from 0.0066 to 0.0464, relative width W/L (W is the width of breakwater) varying from 0.4 to 2.65, and relative spacing S/D (S is the spacing of pipes and D the diameter of pipe) of 2 and 4. The variation of measured normalized mooring forces on the seaward side and leeward side are analyzed by plotting non-dimensional graphs depicting f/γW2 (f is the force in the mooring per unit length of the breakwater, γ the weight density of sea water) as a function W/L for various values of Hi/d (d is the depth of water). It is found that the force in the seaward side mooring increases with an increase in Hi/L for d/W values ranging between 0.081 and 0.276. The experimental results also reveal that the forces in the seaward side mooring decrease as W/L increases, up to a value of W/L=1.3, and then increases with an increase in W/L. It is also observed that the wave attenuation characteristics of breakwater model with relative spacing of 4 is better than that of the model with relative spacing of 2. The maximum force in the seaward side mooring for model with S/D=4 is lower compared to that for the breakwater model with S/D=2. A multivariate non-linear regression analysis has been carried out for the data on mooring forces for the seaside and leeside. 相似文献
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P. Tryde 《Ocean Engineering》1976,3(5):311-316
The increased off shore activity in arctic waters has occasioned investigations with the purpose of reducing the ice forces acting on structures. Korzhavin (Novosibirsk, U.S.S.R.) has shown that the ice forces will be appreciably reduced if wedges or cones are introduced instead of vertical faces. A theory is presented in the following, by which it is possible to calculate the forces based on the physical and geometrical parameters of the system. The theory has been verified by model tests with both artificial and natural ice.For an inclined wedge or cone the force will F = CFFmax where CF is a reduction factor and Fmax = rced is the maximum force acting on a vertical faced structure, rc being the compression strength, e the thickness of the ice and d the width of the structure. The value of CF will normally vary from 0·1 to 0·4. 相似文献