共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Huawei Qin Zhen Cai Jianjun Wang Wei Ye Ying Chen 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(5):403-408
The shortcomings of gravity corers in sampling marine sediments have been observed extensively in various field tests. In order to optimize the coring, this article provides an alternative numerical way to model the gravity coring and analyze the sampling effect. Based on this analysis, a new hydraulic hammer corer is devised. A coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method with capability of simulating the problem involving extreme deformation, penetration is used to simulate the coring process. The results show that the hydrostatic pressure and deviator stress increase and reach their peak when the pile tip is slightly above or at the level of the observation point and then drop rapidly when the pile tip slides below the observation point. In addition, the stress path indicates that the soil element sustains plastic compression before yielding and then expands until recovering to the original state. The obvious “under-sampling” phenomenon is also well-captured by the finite element model. 相似文献
2.
重力活塞取样器取样技术研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
现代海洋沉积物柱状取样技术是一套综合性的高新技术系统,它一般应该包括：优良的取样器具,方便灵活的取样操作设备,高精度的定位导航仪器和高分辨率的地形、地貌、地层探测系统等四个方面。我国和先进国家相比,取样操作设备方面差距最大,应该成为我国今后取样技术研究和发展的重点 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
为了获得连续、低扰动、超长的深海海底沉积物样品,研制了一套可应用于最大水深6 000 m,最长取样可达25 m的可视可控轻型沉积物柱状取样系统。本套设备主要包括甲板控制单元、取样系统和立式收放机构3部分。在取样过程中,本系统充分利用动能和深海液压锤夯击双动力组合,即取样过程包括前期的重力贯入和后期的夯击取样两个过程。液压锤夯击机构的配置使取样器在不显著增加自身重量的前提下,完成超长、连续、低扰动的深海沉积物柱状样采集工作。取样器的组合与拆卸采用立式吊装的方式,极大地降低了取样过程中的工作量和所需甲板作业空间。水下监测系统的配置解决了以往盲采样的弊端。除此之外,本取样器还设有多个标准通用端口,可以扩展为多种设备的集成平台,完成多种数据的采集。目前本套设备已经成功进行了海试,并作为主要沉积物取样设备成功应用于多个海上调查航次,取得了一系列连续、低扰动的柱状样品,有效地提高了我国深海可视可控柱状取样的技术水平。 相似文献
6.
The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
7.
A pressure tight sediment samphng technology, which can be introduced into the modification of the piston corer to accommedate the investigation of gas hydrate, is put forward. In this paper, the three basic rules of the technology are analyzed in detail: specimen transferring rule, seal self-tightening rule and semi-active pressure holding rule. Based on these, the structure of the pressure tight piston corer is put forward and its working principle is analyzed. Finally, a pressure tight sediment sampler, to which the same technology is apphed, is researched through experiments. Results show that the sampler based on the above-mentioned theory has a good ability in samphng and in -situ pressure holding. 相似文献
8.
Residual undrained shear strength, su_res, is an important parameter for analyzing the response of structures buried within potentially unstable soil mass. A framework for estimating su_res of fine grained sediments from gravity corer penetration has been developed considering viscous drag during free fall of the corer through seawater and cohesive energy loss during sediment penetration. The procedure was used to estimate su_res using data from a submarine geotechnical investigation in western Canada. Comparison of the results with alternative estimates of su_res from miniature torvane tests on the gravity core samples and CPTs performed nearby reveals a reasonable agreement. 相似文献
9.
Quality control in mud coring 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
W. R. Parker 《Geo-Marine Letters》1991,11(3-4):132-137
Consideration of factors influencing the interaction between a corer and sediment suggest the likelihood of significant and
anisotropic straining of the particle framework during coring. Direct observations allow the coring process to be discretised,
the relative motion of corer, core and sediment to be visualized and confirm that the development of differences between corer
penetration and core length is not a continuous process. Records suggest the possibility of dislocation of the relative positions
of porewater and particle framework, which may lead to the disequilibration of sorbed species. 相似文献
10.
Abstract The advanced piston cover (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
11.
M. Magagnoli 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(4):496-503
The need for accurate and undisturbed core samples has led to the development of this new coring method with controlled penetration speed (Angel Descent), to minimize the sediment shortening and deformation. The results of the last campaign are herein discussed, analyzing recovery/penetration ratio, acceleration data of the corer during penetration, and logs of magnetic susceptibility on the samples obtained using two different methodologies in the same location. The purpose of this paper is to compare the performance of the two sampling methods, to identify which system allows for less axial deformation of soils and less distortion of the structures, to obtain a geometrically unaltered sedimentary sequence. 相似文献
12.
Chaitanya Vardhan 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):305-316
Residual undrained shear strength, s u_res , is an important parameter for analyzing the response of structures buried within potentially unstable soil mass. A framework for estimating s u_res of fine grained sediments from gravity corer penetration has been developed considering viscous drag during free fall of the corer through seawater and cohesive energy loss during sediment penetration. The procedure was used to estimate s u_res using data from a submarine geotechnical investigation in western Canada. Comparison of the results with alternative estimates of s u_res from miniature torvane tests on the gravity core samples and CPTs performed nearby reveals a reasonable agreement. 相似文献
13.
海底沉积物声衰减研究现状及展望 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据近年来海底沉积物声学物理研究发展的态势,介绍了与研究声衰减有关的海底沉积物样品采集装置和海洋沉积物声速结构模式,综合解析多种对海底沉积物声衰减等声学特性研究方法,并做出较为详细地比较和讨论,提出对海底沉积物声衰减研究在满足科研要求的同时也应符合国家标准和要求。同时,指出了研究海洋沉积物声衰减的必要性和重要性,强调了对海底沉积物声衰减研究的科学意义和应用意义。 相似文献
14.
Axel Jonasson 《Marine Geology》1977,24(1):M13-M21
Four new devices for sediment and water sampling are described, viz. (1) a large-volume water sampler; (2) a water sampler for thin water layers, (3) a bottom-water sampler, and (4) a gravity corer with exchangeable plastic tubes for use in a small boat. 相似文献
15.
Fine-grained sediments commonly occur in areas of the continental shelf where wave and current energy are weak. Bulk density,
compressional wave speed and attenuation are fundamental physical properties of these sediments required for predicting the
response of the seabed for diverse branches of marine science. The traditional coring approach is time and labor-intensive,
with large uncertainties associated with sediment disturbance in the sampling phase. Acoustic methods offer the advantages
of remote sensing, i.e., sampling the sediment structure without mechanical disturbance and a significantly larger seabed
coverage rate per unit time. Two different acoustic methods are described: one using short-range single-bounce interactions
with the seabed, and the second using long-range modal propagation to infer the sediment properties. The relative strengths
and sensitivities of each approach are explored through simulations guided by experience with measured data. 相似文献
16.
This paper describes a system that has been developed to measure compressional wave speed in cored marine sediments onboard ship. The structure enables one to secure an extruded core sample to its base and to move acoustic probes to a desired location, implant them to a specified depth into the sample and perform the measurement. The acoustic measurement system is a pulse-time delay system measuring time difference over a fixed path length and the temperature of the sediment. The time difference and temperature measurement systems are comprised of task oriented components and are housed in a single portable box. The system is adaptable to the various sample sizes obtained with the coring apparatus presently in use. Initial field tests indicate that ship motion has no effect on the system. Data collected from cores has been classified according to sediment type and displays good agreement with data presented by Hamilton (1970). The difference in compressional wave velocity, based on sediment type, for the two studies is 5 m per sec. 相似文献
17.
The hydrostatic energy of high-pressure seawater is a renewable and green energy source for ocean exploration and have been used to replace underwater electrical energy transmission through the cable and underwater battery pack to power seafloor equipment. The advantage of the energy supply method is the cost-effective and the robustness. In the paper, the energy performance of the existing hydrostatic seafloor sediment samplers powered by seawater hydrostatic energy are modelled and analyzed and compared. In view of the common shortcoming of existing technology, a novel hydrostatic seafloor sediment sampler is proposed. The model of energy conversion of the new sampler is built, and its energy performance is obtained. The analysis results indicate that the energy conversion efficiency of the novel sediment sampler is much higher than the existing ones, which means that the new sampler can collect much longer sample with the limited amount of hydrostatic energy. The seawater hydrostatic energy conversion system of the new sampler can also be used to power other seafloor equipment. 相似文献
18.
A new, inexpensive and easy-to-handle box corer (47 × 47 × 114 cm3) is described. It is found to be extremely handy when operated from ships equipped with piston coring devices. The box corer uses the same piston core-head (～1000 kg) and the same trigger mechanism as used in piston coring. The whole operation is similar to that of piston coring. At three sites in the nodule-rich abyssal-hill province in the northwest Atlantic, the vertical distributions of the manganese nodules were obtained from the box cores. More than 75% of the nodules by weight is present in the top 10 cm of the sediment; 16–24% is present in the 10–20 cm interval and about 1% in the 20–30 cm interval. Very few nodules are found below 30 cm. 相似文献
19.
Thomas Pape Sabine Kasten Matthias Zabel André Bahr Friedrich Abegg Hans-Jürgen Hohnberg Gerhard Bohrmann 《Geo-Marine Letters》2010,30(3-4):187-206
We investigated gas hydrate in situ inventories as well as the composition and principal transport mechanisms of fluids expelled at the Amsterdam mud volcano (AMV; 2,025 m water depth) in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Pressure coring (the only technique preventing hydrates from decomposition during recovery) was used for the quantification of light hydrocarbons in near-surface deposits. The cores (up to 2.5 m in length) were retrieved with an autoclave piston corer, and served for analyses of gas quantities and compositions, and pore-water chemistry. For comparison, gravity cores from sites at the summit and beyond the AMV were analyzed. A prevalence of thermogenic light hydrocarbons was inferred from average C1/C2+ ratios <35 and δ13C-CH4 values of ?50.6‰. Gas venting from the seafloor indicated methane oversaturation, and volumetric gas–sediment ratios of up to 17.0 in pressure cores taken from the center demonstrated hydrate presence at the time of sampling. Relative enrichments in ethane, propane, and iso-butane in gas released from pressure cores, and from an intact hydrate piece compared to venting gas suggest incipient crystallization of hydrate structure II (sII). Nonetheless, the co-existence of sI hydrate can not be excluded from our dataset. Hydrates fill up to 16.7% of pore volume within the sediment interval between the base of the sulfate zone and the maximum sampling depth at the summit. The concave-down shapes of pore-water concentration profiles recorded in the center indicate the influence of upward-directed advection of low-salinity fluids/fluidized mud. Furthermore, the SO 4 2? and Ba2+ pore-water profiles in the central part of the AMV demonstrate that sulfate reduction driven by the anaerobic oxidation of methane is complete at depths between 30 cm and 70 cm below seafloor. Our results indicate that methane oversaturation, high hydrostatic pressure, and elevated pore-water activity caused by low salinity promote fixing of considerable proportions of light hydrocarbons in shallow hydrates even at the summit of the AMV, and possibly also of other MVs in the region. Depending on their crystallographic structure, however, hydrates will already decompose and release hydrocarbon masses if sediment temperatures exceed ca. 19.3°C and 21.0°C, respectively. Based on observations from other mud volcanoes, the common occurrence of such temperatures induced by heat flux from below into the immediate subsurface appears likely for the AMV. 相似文献
20.
Laboratory equipment has been built which will measure the permeability and thermal conductivity of deep-sea sediments at their in-situ conditions of hydrostatic pressure, temperature, and void ratio. The apparatus has the capability of uniaxially consolidating a sediment sample to simulate compaction within the sediment column, while exposing the specimen to hydrostatic pressures ranging from atmospheric to 62 MPa and to temperatures from 22 to 220°C. The equipment includes a hypodermic needle mounted vertically through the base of the pressure vessel from which thermal conductivity is determined by the needle probe method. The system also features a combination of dead-weight testers which produces a small hydraulic gradient across the sample and permits the measurement of sediment permeability at large hydrostatic pressures.The physical property data generated from this apparatus will be important in understanding the mechanisms of heat transfer through the ocean floor and in analysing the coupled flow of heat and pore fluid in the vicinity of a heat source, such as a radioactive waste canister, buried in the seabed. 相似文献