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1.
刘连吉 《山东海洋学院学报》1987,17(3):31-36
鉴于微型计算机对数据采集和处理具有速度快、精度高和便于自动化的特点，我们研制了应用单板微型计算机自动测试风速仪的动态参数(时间常数、距离常数等）的测试系统。该系统的主要特点地能够对测试参数进行自动、连续和多次重复测定并实时获取参数的平均量，测得的时间常数的精度可达到毫秒数量级。本文介绍了该系统的基本组成，测试原理和方法。应用该系统对EY1型电化风向风速仪和QDF型热球电风速计的距离常数和时间常数进行了测试，并给出测试结果。测试表明，在风洞内和住宅空旷的房间内在一定的风速下，两者分别测得的风速仪动态参数值十分相近。 相似文献
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海洋微结构的测量引起了国内外海洋学家的关心和重视。由于时间常数与动态误差的密切关系，因之减小测温系统的时间常数就成为观测海水微结构急待解决的问题。本文着重讨论了海洋测温的动态方程及其特性，提出了海洋温度传感器动态测量方程的数学模型，并就输入信号的形式进行了讨论。指出一般金属电阻式温度传感器的时间常数大所引起的动态误差不能忽视， 相似文献
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本文介绍并叙述了AEL-1型风向、风速仪的设计原理,仪器各部分的电路设计,工作过程及系统软件。该仪器适用于气象台站、工矿企业、海上浮标及科研单位等部门。 相似文献
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剪切波波速是工程场地地震安全性评价和地震小区划工作中必测的参数之一。和室内剪切波波速测试方法相比,剪切波波速原位测试技术可以提供准确和更详细的波速测试资料,具有操作简单、方便、快速等特点。因此,在陆地工程勘察中得到了广泛应用。由于海上作业环境的特殊性,剪切波波速原位测试技术在国内海洋岩土工程勘察中尚未广泛应用。介绍了英国RG公司的悬浮式P-S波速测井系统的基本构成和测试原理,并将该波速测试系统在海洋岩土工程勘察中进行了测试应用。测试结果与室内的剪切波波速测试结果进行对比,对比表明测试结果具有可靠性,且其具有测试间隔小、数据量大和可快速提供测试结果等特点,在海洋岩土工程勘察中具有宽广的应用前景。 相似文献
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当研究海洋中诸如风浪、风海流及风暴潮等动力现象时,必然要涉及到海面空气动力学阻力特征.本文将讨论利用连云港建港指挥部设立在导标平台上的风速仪连续测量的风速廓线资料(1982年1月-1983年1月)及利用HWL-1型热线风速仪在该平台上测量的脉动风速资料,对连云港海区海面糙度参数及阻力系数进行分析研究的结果. 相似文献
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刘连吉 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1985,(2)
风速传感器的距离常数是表示该传感器对风速变化响应快慢的一个动力学参数,是分析和确定测风误差的重要因子。对此,WMO对距离常数的大小提出了建议。我国国产常用的风杯风速传感器已有多年的使用历史,但它们的距离常数究竟多大,是否符合WMO的建议,迄今还未有明确的数据。这影响了我们对测风资料误差的判别和处理及对不同类型风杯风速传感器的合理选用。为了解决这一课题,我们用实验方法测定 相似文献
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介绍了ARM(advanced RISC machines,英国电子公司)和FPGA(可编程逻辑阵列)在水声浮标(文中简称新型浮标)数据采集存储中的应用。利用FPGA丰富的硬件资源实现新型浮标系统多通道同步采样,并在ARM模块中移植Windows FAT32文件系统,嵌入USB底层驱动,实现采集数据的高速存储。描述了系统设计与实现,并对该数据采集存储系统进行了通道隔离度、动态范围、系统自噪声和功耗等指标测试。实验结果表明,该系统通道隔离度90d B(参考1V);动态范围≥110d B(参考1V);系统自噪声≤40d B(参考1 n V);系统总功耗为4.2 W。 相似文献
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船载拖曳式多参数剖面测量系统是测量温度、深度、浊度、溶解氧、p H和叶绿素等多种海洋环境要素,提供海洋环境信息的重要观测设备。通过对2011年8月在渤海开展的CZT1-2型船载拖曳式多参数剖面测量系统比测试验,研究了该国产设备在渤海海区的适用效果。结果表明,传感器定点比测试验中,温度、盐度等数据的相关系数较好,而硝酸盐、磷酸盐、亚硝酸盐、硅酸盐和氨氮等营养盐的相对误差较大。在海试试验中,船载拖曳式多参数剖面测量系统经过了8 h试验,完成了预期的试验项目,拖体系统(含传感器)和甲板单元工作正常,具有良好的可靠性和环境适应性。本次海上比测试验为船载拖曳式多参数剖面测量系统进行改善、优化提供依据,为其产业化打下坚实的基础,并对海上试验提出了相应的改进建议。 相似文献
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针对海洋监测中轻小型无人机抗风能力差、大范围动态监测能力不足的问题,本文以彩虹-4型中空长航时无人机为平台进行了载荷安装、电气接口及电磁兼容性设计,实现了光电吊舱、对海雷达、AIS多任务载荷的优化集成,通过开展远距离无人机通信、载荷数据与位姿信息实时同步回传、数据处理等关键技术研究,形成了一套完整的海洋监测平台软硬件系统。最后经过长时间的地面测试并在海南三亚市东部海域开展远距离飞行试验,依据应用场景及作业的紧迫程度,探索了海岛礁成图等常规监测和海上船只目标应急监测应用模式,验证了平台设计指标,其中平台续航能力优于22h,作业通讯距离达到2 300 km,在无控条件下可见光、红外、SAR成像精度分别为15.35 m、21.09 m、6.30 m。结果表明,该平台能够满足海洋监测技术要求,具有实际应用价值。 相似文献
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On the basis of the data of laboratory, model, and field investigation of the characteristics of a proposed cup anemometer, we obtain the following results: the distance constant is equal to 0.32 m with a mean-square deviation of 0.05 m, which is smaller than for the other anemometers of this type by an order of magnitude, the dynamic characteristics of the anemometer are linear for typical conditions of atmospheric turbulence, the variance and spectrum of noises (as a result of transformation of pulsed signals at the output of the anemometer) are described by universal functions with known parameters, the transmission bandwidth is approximately equal to 2 Hz for wind velocities lower than 5 m/sec and up to 5 Hz for higher wind velocities, and the errors of measurements of the mean wind velocity and the characteristics of the longitudinal component of velocity are approximately equal to 1 and 3%, respectively. The dimensions and weight of the anemometer are quite small, which enables one to perform long-term measurements of the characteristics of wind velocity for all types of platforms within broad ranges of hydrometeorological conditions. 相似文献
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This study represents an attempt to quantitatively assess the capability of a spaceborne radar altimeter to infer ocean surface wind speeds from a measurement of the backscattered power at vertical incidence. The study uses data acquired during 184 near overflights of NOAA data buoys with the GEOS-3 satellite radar altimeter and encompasses a wind-speed range from less than 1 to 18 m/s. An algorithm is derived from the data comparison for converting measurements of the normalized scattering cross section of the ocean surface at 13.9 GHz into estimates of the surface wind speed at the standard anemometer height of 10 m. The algorithm is straightforward and potentially useful for on-board processing of raw altimeter data for the purpose of providing real-time estimates of surface wind speed. For winds in the range of 1 to 18 m/s, the mean difference between the altimeter-inferred winds and the buoy measurements is negligible while the standard deviation of the difference is 1.74 m/s. 相似文献
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S. Yu. Zolotov I. I. Ippolitov S. V. Loginov E. V. Kharyutkina 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2018,54(5):430-438
Latitudinal position and wind speed of the Southern Hemisphere subtropical jet stream have been investigated on the basis of ERA-Interim, JRA-55, and NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data for 1948–2013. The analysis covers different time intervals in summer and winter seasons, as well as different spatial domains. It has been shown that the variability of the southern jet stream parameters in both winter and summer seasons is predominantly characterized by wind-speed weakening on the jet-stream axis and its poleward shift. The winter seasons of 2000–2013 identified a shift in the jet-stream axis toward the equator in the Atlantic (60°–0° W) and African (0°–60° E) sectors; the wind-speed increase in the Atlantic sector was statistically significant. The wind speed on the jet-stream axis in both winter and summer is closely related to the temperature difference in the upper tropospheric layer of 200–400 hPa between the latitudinal zones of 0°–30° S and 30°–60° S. A significant negative correlation (r = ?0.78) between wind speed and temperature difference has been revealed for the winter season in the upper tropospheric layer between the latitudinal zones of 30°–60° S and 60°–90° S, which can be explained by the Southern Annular Mode variability in this season. No such relationship has been found for the summer season. 相似文献
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The BIO Mark 8 thrust anemometer measures the drag of the wind on a perforated table tennis ball mounted on a vertical beam. The tri-axial displacement of the beam is sensed by eddy current proximity sensors. This anemometer has a flat frequency response from 0 to 10 Hz and can measure wind from 0 to 28 m s−1 at temperature from − 19 to + 28°C. It is designed for remote operation for extended periods of time such as on stable towers at sea. 相似文献
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A flux system deployed on a moored buoy has been described, which is capable of directly estimating the airsea fluxes after removing the contamination in the signal due to buoy motion. A triple loop fitting method has been demonstrated for determining the three angular offsets between measurement axes of the sonic anemometer and motion pack. The data collected in an experiment in the Northern Huanghai Sea is used to correct the three sonic anemometer measurements of turbulent wind for buoy motion. The effective removal of wave-scale motion from the spectra and cospectra are demonstrated. Estimates of along-wind momentum flux, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux calculated by the eddy correlation method based on data obtained by sonic anemometer 81000V are shown to be in the same trend and scale with those determined by the bulk aerodynamic method after motion correction. The motion correction not only greatly improve the estimation of the momentum flux but also has a great impact on the calculated sensible heat flux. 相似文献
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Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - A correlation analysis of the model calculations and experimental measurements of wind-speed sensitivity of a rough sea-surface microwave emission at a... 相似文献
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为实现对海面风速精确的短期预测,提出了一种基于长短期记忆(LSTM,long short-term memory)神经网络的短期风速预测模型,选取OceanSITES数据库中单个浮标站点采集的风速历史数据作为模型输入,经过训练设置最佳参数等步骤,实现了以LSTM方法,对该站点所在海区海面风速在各季节性代表月份海面风速的24h短期预测。同时通过不同预测时长的实验以及与BP(back propagation)神经网络神经网络和径向基函数神经网络(radial basis function neural network,RBF)的预测效果对比实验,证明了LSTM预测方法相比上述两种神经网络预测方法,在海表面风速预测应用中的优越性。最后通过多个海域对应的站点风速数据预测实验,证明了LSTM神经网络模型的普遍适用性,由相关系数和预测误差的分析可知该方法具备应对急剧变化数据的预测稳定性,可以作为海洋表面风速短期预测的一种可靠方法。 相似文献
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Common features of the flow behavior over mountains within the hydraulic jump model are identified based on an analysis of 36 episodes of severe winds in the regions of Novorossiysk, Pevek, and Novaya Zemlya. In all these episodes, the incoming flow is characterized by a strong inversion layer at altitudes of 0.5–1.5 km and, in the case of bora, by a critical level in the wind profile in the middle troposphere, which creates conditions for a weakened dynamic interaction between the low-level air flowing over mountains and the upper layers of the atmosphere. The wind-speed increase on the lee slope is caused by the transition of the incoming flow from the subcritical to supercritical state. In this case, the velocity amplitude increases with increasing inversion intensity. Model estimates of wind-speed increase are in good agreement with observations at lee-side weather stations for episodes with a strong elevated inversion. 相似文献
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风资源的获取与评估是风电前期投资的一项重要工作。作为海上风电,需要动用船舶、浮吊等海上工程机械,施工局限性大,成本高。对目前国内外已经使用的各种测风塔进行了比较,分析了各种测风塔的优缺点,选出适用于海上风电的测风塔塔架和基础形式,为海上风电的开发提供了理论指导。 相似文献