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1.
台湾海峡地区雾形成的天气类型分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用 1 980— 1 997年东亚逐日 0 8时地面天气图资料 ,归纳并分析了台湾海峡地区(2 0°— 2 7°N ,1 1 5°— 1 2 5°E)形成雾的 4种天气类型 ,它们分别是冷平流主导型、暖平流主导型、均压场型和台风外围型 ,为台湾海峡地区雾的预报提供天气学参考。 相似文献
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南印度洋风场时空特征分析 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
本文根据1950～1995年共46a的南印度洋船舶气象报资料,按1°×1°和5°×5°网格统计的海面风进行分析研究。通过分析每月各要素的等值线分布图,得出南印度洋风场季节变化不如北半球各大洋显著,但仍有较明显的季节变化,只是季节性差异较小,冬季比夏季风强盛,相应的平均风速、6级和8级以上大风频率也较大;全年风场基本相似,10°S以北为季风气候区,而其它海域信风区常年盛行东南风,40°S以南盛行偏西风。本文为船舶远洋交通运输、远洋出访和科学试验等活动,提供了较为详细的风场资料及变化规律。 相似文献
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中西太平洋金枪鱼围网高产渔区年间变化及其原因分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
金枪鱼类是中西太平洋海域重要的经济鱼种,其中鲣产量约占到总产量的50%。本研究利用1995-2010年16年的中西太平洋（20°S~20°N,120°E~155°W）鲣围网生产统计数据和Niño3.4海区（5°S~5°N,120°~170°W）海表温度异常数据,对这16年鲣产量最高的十大渔区（5°×5°）进行时空格局分析,讨论渔场分布差异及CPUE与ENSO指数的关系。结果表明:16年间十大作业渔区主要分布在5°S~5°N、130°~175°E区域,这十大渔区产量占总产量的比重达47.5%,其中5°S~0°、155°~160°E,0°~5°N、130°~135°E,0°~5°N、135°~140°E及5°S~0°、160°~165°E等4个渔区产量占高产渔区产量的比重均超过10%,是中西太平洋重要的鲣产区。高产渔区的分布受海表温度影响较大,在厄尔尼诺时期,高产渔区分布明显偏东,主要分布在155°~180°E海域;在拉尼娜时期,高产渔区分布明显偏西,主要分布在130°~160°E海域。 相似文献
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根据中国第18次南极科学考察队2002年1～3月在南印度洋从中山站外普里兹湾到澳大利亚费里曼特尔断面的走航XBT/XCTD资料和CTD资料及1998年1月、1999年2月和2000年3月等其他航次的调查资料,分析了该航线上海洋锋的位置及其年际变化:(1)在75°～78°E南极陆坡锋的位置在645°～655°S;在84°～100°E范围极地锋在535°～543°S附近;在96°～103°E亚南极锋在46°S～470°S附近;在110°E附近亚热带锋在372～380°S之间;(2)在南极极锋区存在显著等温线、等盐线的上凸和下凹,不同年份发生位置有变化;(3)在亚南极锋北侧,等温线、等盐线呈垂直排列的状态,温度、盐度垂直方向上分布均匀一致;(4)与1979,1991和1992年该区域同期的资料相比,近4a观测到的极地锋显著偏南1个纬距以上. 相似文献
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本文根据 1950 年~1995 年共 46a 的南大西洋船舶气象报资料,按 1°×1°和 5°×5°网格统计的海面风进行分析研究。通过分析每月各要素的等值线分布图,得出南大西洋海面风场季节变化不如北大西洋显著,但仍有较明显的季节变化,冬季比夏季强盛,相应的平均风速较大,6、8 级大风频率也较高。位于赤道和 25°S 之间的信风区,主要盛行东南风;副热带高压带,风速小,风向变化不定;35°S 以南的西风带风力较强。对这些规律的总结归纳,为该地区的各种活动提供了较为翔实的海面风场变化规律。 相似文献
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中太平洋西部毛颚类的分布 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
分析1979年1～2月、4～5月在中太平洋西部水域(0°～5°N,160°～165°E)调查所采集的浮游动物样品,共记录毛颚类种类15种,并根据现场实测的水文资料,对该区毛颚类的种类组成、数量分布与海区环境因子的相关性进行初步探讨. 相似文献
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南太平洋风场时空统计特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
南太平洋风场时空统计特征对船舶远洋交通运输、远洋出访、南极考察和科学试验等活动有重要实用价值。本文根据 1 950～ 1 995年共 46a的南太平洋船舶气象报资料 ,按 1°× 1°和5°× 5°网格统计的海面风进行分析研究。通过分析每月风各要素的等值线分布图 ,得出南太平洋风场季节变化特点不如北半球各大洋显著 ,但仍有较明显的季节变化 ,只是季节性差异较小 ,冬季比夏季风强盛 ,相应的平均风速 6级和 8级以上大风频率也较大 ;全年风场基本相似 ,低纬度地区 (2 5°S以北至赤道 )为信风区 ,常年盛行东至东南风 ;2 5°S～ 35°S的广大海域上 ,风力较小 ,风向变化最大 ;40°S以南盛行偏西风 ,风力最强。 相似文献
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欧亚大陆阻塞高压的统计特征及其与中国东部夏季降水的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
该文利用美国 NCEP再分析资料 2 4年 (1976～ 1999年 )的逐日 12 h欧亚大陆 (0°E～15 0°E,2 0°N～ 90°N) 5 0 0 h Pa位势高度场资料 ,对阻塞高压 (简称阻高 )的活动进行了统计分析。结果表明 ,阻高主要发生在乌拉尔山地区。阻高活动有明显的季节性变化 ,春夏季阻塞形势发生得最多 ,持续时间最长 ,秋季最少且持续时间短。小波分析和离散功率谱分析都表明阻高发生的频数存在明显的年际变化 ,主要包含 3～ 4年和准 8年的周期振荡。进一步研究表明 ,乌拉尔山附近 (5 0°N～ 80°E)的阻高活动与夏季江淮流域的降水有着很好的正相关 ,与华南、华北、东北区域的降水有着很好的负相关 ;而贝加尔湖附近 (80°E～ 12 0°E)的阻高与中国东部的降水关系则正好相反。冬春季 (1～ 3月 )阻高活动对当年夏季的降水有着一定的中长期预报意义。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献