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采用气相色谱/质谱方法(GC/MS)对7 种常见润滑油中的生物标志化合物(正构烷烃、姥鲛烷、植烷、甾烷、萜烷、多环芳烃)进行定性分析, 并基于其生物标志化合物指纹信息进行了多元统计分析。结果表明, 润滑油的气相色谱图中不可分辨的混合物(UCM)具有明显优势; 润滑油中含有丰富的甾、萜烷类稠环生物标志化合物, 仅含有非常少量的饱和链烷烃(正构烷烃、姥鲛烷、植烷)和多环芳烃类(目标多环芳烃、烷基化多环芳烃、二苯并噻吩同系物)生物标志化合物; 基于甾、萜烷类生物标志化合物指纹信息的主成分分析与聚类分析所得的结果高度一致, 均可用于有一定差异的润滑油的鉴别分析。 相似文献
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长江、黄河河口沉积物中生物标志化合物组成的初步研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
该文对长江口、黄河口以及废黄河口现代沉积物中生物标志化合物组成进行分析。结果表明 :长江与黄河沉积物中的生物标志化合物组成有较大的差别 ,长江沉积物中具明显奇偶优势的高碳数正构烷烃以及 C2 9甾烷的相对含量较高 ,Pr/Ph值较大 ,受陆生高等植物的影响明显 ;黄河低碳数正构烷烃和 C2 7甾烷的相对含量较高 ,Pr/Ph值较小 ,受陆生高等植物的影响较弱。甾烷、萜烷的成熟度指数显示长江高于黄河、现代黄河高于废黄河。这些差异主要受流域环境背景和流域内人文过程两大不同因素的影响 相似文献
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用气相色谱法和气相色谱-质谱法分析了原油样品的正构烷烃和甾萜烷生物标志物。针对在仪器分析过程中由各种因素带来的采集点漂移的现象,利用相关系数校正方法对保留时间进行了校正。实验结果表明,保留时间校正后大大提高了采集点的重合性。采用欧氏距离方法对校正后的色谱数据进行聚类分析,基于色谱数据的聚类分析对于降解油和非降解油的分类效果良好;而基于校正后甾、萜烷生物标志物数据的聚类分析结果能很好的将溢油样品与溢油源样品聚为一类,而与其他不相干油田的样品区分开来,聚类分析结果更能真实反映样品的真实信息。相关系数校正与快速聚类分析方法相结合为溢油来源的判断提供了一种快速分类辅助鉴别方法。 相似文献
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长城湾及其附近沉积物中甾烷和萜烷化合物 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文采用气相色谱和质谱联用技术,分析了长城湾及其附近沉积物中甾烷和萜烷化合物。C_(27)、C_(28)和C_(29)规则甾烷的丰度分布,以C_(29)甾烷的量最高,达47～52％。重排甾烷的存在表明,在成岩作用早期,在微生物的作用下,部分规则甾烷转变成重排甾烷。C_(29)降莫烷/C_(30)藿烷,C_(31)升莫烷/C_(30)藿烷,C_(31)22S/(22S+22R)和Tm/Ts等比值指出,沉积有机质处于中等成熟度,而且G9站较其他站沉积物含量高些。上述诸结果说明,生源母质来源于陆源高等植物,并混有一定量的生物物质。 相似文献
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对墨西哥湾北部水深2200m的Alaminos Canyon645区块（AC645区）和水深540m的Green Canyon185区块（GC185区）冷泉碳酸盐岩的有机质进行了研究，结果显示深水和浅水区冷泉碳酸盐岩的有机质丰度和烷烃组成差别较大，下陆坡深水AC区样品有机质含量低，正构烷烃、萜烷、甾烷各组分的含量相对较高，正构烷烃以低碳数占绝对优势，并含有种类丰富的三环萜烷和五环三萜烷，且以17a（H），21B（H）-藿烷为主峰碳，反映了深水区冷泉碳酸盐岩的有机质来源于细菌和低等藻类，有少量的深部油气藏有机质的渗漏输入，并受微弱的微生物作用改造。上陆坡浅水GC区样品有机质含量较高，其中正构烷烃含量较低，并且以难以分开的复杂混合物（UCM）为主，同样含有种类丰富的以17α（H），21β（H）-降藿烷为主峰碳的三环萜烷和五环三萜烷，表明有机质主要来源于深部油气藏渗漏的有机质，并遭受了强烈的微生物降解。本文系统地研究了冷泉碳酸盐岩中正构烷烃、萜烷、甾烷的组成和分布特征，并探讨了有机质来源和冷泉渗漏的关系。 相似文献
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以曹妃甸邻近海域为研究区,利用生物标志化合物地球化学参数分析了表层沉积物中石油烃类的主要组成和分布特征,探讨了石油烃污染物的来源。结果表明,曹妃甸邻近海域表层沉积物中正构烷烃为混源,且陆源贡献小于海洋源。地质构型藿烷、甾烷在甾萜类化合物中为优势组分,且萜甾烷参数显示了有机质成熟度较高。饱和烃的多种地球化学参数显示了该区域表层沉积物可能受到成熟度较高的石油烃输入及其后期微生物降解的影响。该研究将为曹妃甸近岸沉积物输移研究提供基础资料,进而为曹妃甸围填海工程的科学决策提供相关科学数据。 相似文献
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本文对南海深海和冲绳海槽二个柱状样进行了正构烷烃、甾烷和萜烷生物标记化合物分布特征的研究。由于它们所处的沉积环境和生源母质上的差异,反映在正构烷烃的CPI值、C_(17)和C_(18)的含量、轻重烃比值、化合物构型的转化、有机质的成熟度和17α(H)-22,29,30-三降藿烷与18α(H)-22,29,30-三降新藿烷的比值等地球化学参数上的差别。冲绳海槽沉积物的多源性决定了其有机组分的特殊性,如生物来源的C_(17)和C_(18)量占有优势,有机碳含量(1.0—1.3％)高于南海样(0.3—1.0％),重排甾烷量少,生物构型的ββ藿烷已转变成地质构型的αβ藿烷和βα型莫烷化合物。 相似文献
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南海沉积物中烷基环己烷,烷基苯,克萝卜烷和萜烷等化合物 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文研究了南海中部柱状样中烷基环己烷，烷基苯，胡萝卜烷和萜烷的分布特征，它们来自藻类和喜盐细菌。４－甲基甾烷的先驱物４－甲基甾醇存在于钙质超微化石颗石藻中，它为南海沉积物中含有４－甲基甾烷提供了依据。 相似文献
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以柴油为研究对象,采用溢油风化模拟实验,从分子级水平揭示中长期风化作用对溢油组成的影响。利用相对偏差和重复性限法进行评价和筛选,研究表明,柴油在较短时间(10 d)内,phytane/n-C18和pristine/phytane特征比率可较好地作为油品鉴别的依据;在10~30 d的风化期间,pristine/phytane仍可作为油品鉴别的依据;较长期的风化过程后,上述三个正构烷烃特征比率对于油品鉴别已不再具备意义。所选多环芳烃诊断比值指标中,除MNR、MP/P外,其他参数(MPI-1,MPI-2,Rc,MPDF1,MPDF2,MNR)相对标准偏差在1.10%~5.40%,可较好地用于重度风化溢油源鉴定。 相似文献
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SUN Peiyan BAO Mutai GAO Zhenhui LI Mei ZHAO Yuhui WANG Xinping ZHOU Qing WANG Xiulin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2006,25(5):55-62
1 IntroductionWith the development of industry, more andmore petroleum energy sources are needed. The ex-ploitation of, especially benthal, develops quickly.The spilled oil accidents occur inevitably during oilexploitation and transportation. For example, in theBohai Sea, there are more than 1 000 oil wells andthe spilled oil accidents occur almost every year. Allkinds of dissension arose since the accidents couldnot be dealt with effectively in time. The key stepwhich affects the accidents … 相似文献
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Sixty crude oils from the Termit Basin (Eastern Niger) were analysed using biomarker distributions and bulk stable carbon isotopic compositions. Comprehensive oil-to-oil correlation indicates that there are two distinct families in the Termit Basin. The majority of the oils are geochemically similar and characterized by low Pr/Ph (pristane to phytane ratios) and high gammacerane/C30 hopane ratios, small amounts of C24 tetracyclic terpanes but abundant C23 tricyclic terpane, and lower δ13C values for saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions. All of these geochemical characteristics indicate possible marine sources with saline and reducing depositional environments. In contrast, oils from well DD-1 have different geochemical features. They are characterized by relatively higher Pr/Ph and lower gammacerane/C30 hopane ratios, higher amounts of C24 tetracyclic terpane but a low content of C23 tricyclic terpane, and relatively higher δ13C values for saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions. These geochemical signatures indicate possible lacustrine sources deposited under freshwater, suboxic-oxic conditions. This oil family also has a unique biomarker signature in that there are large amounts of C30 4α-methylsteranes indicating a freshwater lacustrine depositional environment.The maturity of the Termit oils is assessed using a number of maturity indicators based on biomarkers, alkyl naphthalenes, alkyl phenanthrenes and alkyl dibenzothiophenes. All parameters indicate that all of the oils are generated by source rocks within the main phase of the oil generation stage with equivalent vitrinite reflectance of 0.58%–0.87%. 相似文献
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本文利用采集于我国三大油田的五种原油样品开展了长达210天的溢油风化模拟实验,并依据相对偏差和重复性限数学分析法,进行溢油风化过程分析和诊断比值应用效果评估。研究结果表明:经过210天的风化,溢油鉴定诊断比值发生明显改变;其中来源于萜烷、甾烷和多环芳烃的诊断比值变化率要远低于正构烷烃,可用于中长期风化溢油鉴定。此外,研究发现,在这些有效诊断比值中有4个变化率较小,相对偏差低于5%,保持了较好的稳定性,更适合于重度风化溢油鉴定。 相似文献
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气相色谱指纹法在海上油污染源鉴别中的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过一个具体案例,探讨了气相色谱指纹法在海上油污染源鉴别中的应用。该鉴别方法基于样品的正构烷烃气相色谱指纹分析,选择既能表征油种固有特性,又受风化影响较小的正十七烷(n-C17)、正十八烷(n-C18)、姥鲛烷(phy)、植烷(phy)和正二十烷(n-C20)等特征烷烃作为判据,可信度大,而且整个操作流程短(一般不超过半天),较简便易行。 相似文献
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Crude oil samples from Cretaceous and Tertiary reservoir sections in the Zagros Fold Belt oil fields, southern Iraq were investigated using non-biomarker and biomarker parameters. The results of this study have been used to assess source of organic matter, and the genetic link between oils and their potential source rocks in the basin. The oils are characterized by high sulphur and trace metal (Ni, V) contents and relatively low API gravity values (17.4–22.7° API). This indicates that these oils are heavy and generated from a marine source rock containing Type II-S kerogen. This is supported by their biomarker distributions of normal alkanes, regular isoprenoids, terpanes and steranes and the bulk carbon isotope compositions of their saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons. The oils are characterized by low Pr/Ph ratios (<1), high values of the C35 homohopane index and C31-22R/C30 hopane ratios, relatively high C27 sterane concentrations, and the predominance of C29-norhopane. These biomarkers suggest that the oils were generated predominantly from a marine carbonate source rock, deposited under reducing conditions and containing plankton/algal and microorganisms source input. The presence of gammacerane also suggests water column stratification during source rock deposition.The biomarker characteristics of the oils are consistent with those of the Middle Jurassic Sargelu carbonate as the effective source rock in the basin. Biomarker maturity data indicate that the oils were generated from early maturity source rocks. 相似文献
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Late Jurassic organic-rich shales from Shabwah sub-basin of western Yemen were analysed based on a combined investigations of organic geochemistry and petrology to define the origin, type of organic matter and the paleoenvironment conditions during deposition. The organic-rich shales have high total sulphur content values in the range of 1.49–4.92 wt. %, and excellent source rock potential is expected based on the high values of TOC (>7%), high extractable organic matter content and hydrocarbon yield exceeding 7000 ppm. The high total sulphur content and its relation with high organic carbon content indicate that the Late Jurassic organic-rich shales of the Shabwah sub-basin were deposited in a marine environment under suboxic-anoxic conditions. This has been evidenced from kerogen microscopy and their biomarker distributions. The kerogen microscopy investigation indicated that the Late Jurassic organic-rich shales contain an abundant liptinitic organic matter (i.e., alginite, structureless (amorphous organic matters)). The presence of alginite with morphology similar to the lamalginite alga and amorphous organic matter in these shale samples, further suggests a marine origin. The biomarker distributions also provide evidence for a major contribution by aquatic algae and microorganisms with a minor terrigenous organic matter input. The biomarkers are characterized by unimodal distribution of n-alkanes, low acyclic isoprenoids compared to normal alkanes, relatively high tricyclic terpanes compared to tetracyclic terpanes, and high proportion of C27 and C29 regular steranes compared to C28 regular sterane. Moreover, the suboxic to anoxic bottom water conditions as evidenced in these Late Jurassic shales is also supported based on relatively low pristane/phytane (Pr/Ph) ratios in the range of 0.80–1.14. Therefore, it is envisaged here that the high content of organic matter (TOC > 7 wt.%) in the analysed Late Jurassic shales is attributed to good organic matter (OM) preservation under suboxic to anoxic bottom water conditions during deposition. 相似文献
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The Cuu Long Basin (Mekong Basin) is a rift basin off southern Vietnam, and the most important petroleum producing basin in the country. However, information on petroleum type and characteristics has hitherto been largely unavailable to the public. This paper presents petroleum geochemical data on nine oil samples from four different producing fields in the Cuu Long Basin: the Dragon (Rong), Black Lion (Sutu-Den), Sunrise (Rang ?ong) and White Tiger (Bach Ho) Fields. The oils are highly paraffinic with bimodal normal alkane distributions and show moderate pristane to phytane ratios and a conspicuous hyperbolic decrease in abundance with increasing carbon number of hopane homologues from C30 to C35. The TPP-index of Holba et al. (Holba, A.G., Dzou, L.I., Wood, G.D., Ellis, L., Adam, P., Schaeffer, P., Albrecht, P., Greene, T., Hughes, W.B., 2003. Application of tetracyclic polyprenoids as indicators of input from fresh–brackish water environments. Organic Geochemistry 34, 441–469) is equal to 1 in all samples which in combination with tricyclic triperpane T26/T25 ratios >1 and the n-alkane and hopane distributions mentioned above provide a strong indication of an origin from lacustrine source rocks. This is supported by the absence of marine C30 desmethyl steranes (i.e. 24-n-propylcholestanes) and marine diatom-derived norcholestanes. Based on the overall biological marker distributions, the lakes probably belonged to the overfilled or balanced-fill types defined by Bohacs et al. (Bohacs, K.M., Carroll, A.R., Neal, J.E., Mankiewicz, P.J., 2000. Lake-basin type, source potential, and hydrocarbon character. An integrated sequence-stratigraphic–geochemical framework. AAPG Studies in Geology 46, 3–34). The oils were generated from source rocks at early- to mid-oil-window maturity, presumably Oligocene lacustrine shales that are present in the syn-rift succession. Oils from individual fields may, however, be distinguished by a combination of biological marker parameters, such as the oleanane index, the gammacerane index, the relative abundance of tricyclic terpanes, the proportions of diasteranes and 28-norspergulane, complemented by other parameters. The oils of the Cuu Long Basin show an overall similarity to the B-10 oil from the Song Hong Basin off northern Vietnam, but are markedly different from the seepage oils known from Dam Thi Nai on the coast of central Vietnam. 相似文献
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正构烷烃气相色谱指纹法鉴别海面溢油源一事例研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对厦门海域一个具体海面溢油事例的研究，探讨了鉴别海面溢油源的正构烷烃气相色谱指纹法及其可行性和有效性，结果令人满意。该方法包括样品的前处理、GC测定和数据分析。其整个操作流程短，且较简便易行，尤其是选择正十七烷（n－C17）、正十八烷（n－C18）、姥鲛烷（pri）、植烷（phy）和正二十烷（n-C20）等特征烷烃作为判据，可信度大，对于经历一定风化作用的海面溢油仍可进行有效的鉴别。 相似文献