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1.
几种药物对泥螺Bullacta exarata卵群孵化的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文报道在泥螺人工育苗过程中高锰酸钾、福尔马林、土霉素三种药物对泥螺卵群孵化的影响。结果表明，高锰酸钾、福尔马林、土霉素的浓度分别为０．２８×１０－６～０．９×１０－６、５×１０－６～９×１０－６和１×１０－６～２０×１０－６时，泥螺卵群孵化率明显高于对照组，且对胶质膜的溶解有促进作用。使用上述药物后，还可提高卵群孵化的同步性。药物浓度超过上述范围，则孵化率明显下降，直至使胚体死亡。本文就胶质膜的作用进行了简单讨论，还对这三种药物在实际生产中的应用作了分析 相似文献
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黑鲷育苗期间的几种病害与防治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
笔者在多年的黑鲷(Sparusmacrocephals)人工育苗试验中,对黑鲷仔、稚、幼鱼期出现的鱼病做了一系列观察研究,本文谨就几种常见疾病,从病原、病症、病因及防治方法等方面介绍1 细菌性疾病1.1 肠道白浊病症状 黑鲷仔鱼期肠道白浊不透明,不再摄食,在水池的侧壁和池角集群,活动呆滞。随着病情的发展,白浊的肠萎缩,腹部下陷,然后死亡。病原 弧菌Vibrio。防治方法 (1)保持育苗环境清洁及合理的放养密度,并投喂优良活饵料可预防本病;(2)投喂添加氯霉素20×10-3～50×10-3的饵料有效;(3)呋喃唑酮16×10-6药浴2h,连续5d。1.2 腹水病症状 鱼体… 相似文献
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花鲈亲鱼人工培育与催产技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作者研究了花鲈人工培育及促熟催产中的技术措施。采用海捕的天然苗种 ,逐年筛选、精心培育 ,共获得 4～ 6龄的成熟亲鱼 50尾。在外源激素 HCG(70 0～ 150 0 IU/ kg)及 LHRH- A3(2～5μg/ kg)的作用下 (雄鱼减半 ) ,共人工采卵 156 0× 10 4粒 ,卵的平均上浮率为 6 1% ,平均受精率为78% ,平均孵化率为 85.7%。 相似文献
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5-羟色胺刺激长牡蛎排放精卵在四倍体诱导中的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文报道了用 5 羟色胺催产出的长牡蛎精、卵 ,人工授精后诱导四倍体的实验结果 .结果表明 :在 2 6℃水温条件下 ,受精后 7min ,用 0 .5mg/dm3细胞松弛素B处理2 5min ,获得长牡蛎的胚胎四倍体 ,其诱导率为 1 6.7%,D形幼虫孵化率为 2 7.0 %;诱导效果优于采用常规解剖法 .注射 5 羟色胺刺激长牡蛎亲贝排放精、卵的有效浓度分别为 1× 1 0 -6 ～ 1× 1 0 -2 mol/dm3和 1× 1 0 -5 ～ 1× 1 0 -3mol/dm3. 相似文献
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Ⅰ.硼的存在形式及去硼意义 据文献报道自来水中硼的含量为7×10~(-9)～0.2×10~(-6)g/L,海水中的含量为5×10~(-6)g/L,河水中的含量为13×10~(-6)g/L,地下水和卤水中的含量随各地而有所不同。在一般的水溶液中,硼以H_3BO_3,B(OH)_4~(-)形式存在,以H_3BO_3为主。硼酸是一元弱酸,是一种路 相似文献
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镉对石莼光合作用和呼吸作用及叶绿素含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
实验表明 ,用含不同浓度镉 (0、5、10、15、2 0、2 5、30× 10 -6)的海水培养石莼 1～ 8d,石莼的光合作用、呼吸作用、叶绿素含量受到了明显的影响。 5× 10 -6的镉培养 3d,光合速率和叶绿素含量明显下降 ;培养时间越长 ,下降幅度越大。低浓度的镉 (5～ 10× 10 -6)对呼吸有促进作用 ,出现了“伤呼吸”;高浓度的镉 (>10× 10 -6)对呼吸有明显抑制作用 ,培养 5d后石莼开始死亡。 相似文献
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不同卤虫卵孵化的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别选取进口质量较好卤虫卵、进口质量较差卤虫卵、台湾产卤虫卵和天津产卤虫卵进行标准条件孵化、自然条件孵化及去壳卵孵化.结果发现,天津产卤虫卵,颜色、形状正常,每1 g卵数为19×104,孵化率最高,达94.0%.质量较差的进口卵,颜色、形状不太正常,每1 g卵数为35×104,孵化率最差.在标准和自然条件下,卤虫卵均在36h达最高孵化率,但标准条件下的孵化率高.去壳卵的孵化率最高,孵化24 h时,最高孵化率达96.8%比标准条件孵化时快近12 h.但去壳卵易结团或结块下沉,不易漂浮. 相似文献
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栉江珧人工育苗初步研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
作者1982年在广东汕尾室内水泥池开始进行栉江珧(Pinna Pectinata)人工育苗研究,1984年成功地育出稚贝。本文介绍了作者在研究中采用阴干和升温刺激等方法,可使亲贝自行排放精、卵,并进一步受精、孵化成幼虫,幼虫经多次变态发育,结束浮游期而进入底栖附着期。附着后的稚贝,新壳生长迅速,只要条件适宜,很快便能倒立插起。在一定条件下将稚贝移至海区浮台吊养,生长快,两个半月即成小贝,最大个体为68×30×8.9mm,重6.2g。本文还对栉江珧人工育苗不同于其它双壳类的有关问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
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花鲈仔、稚、幼鱼摄食习性与生长的研究 总被引：39，自引：3，他引：36
分析了花鲈仔、稚、幼鱼的摄食习性与生长.结果表明,在水温为15.5～16.5℃时,花妒仔鱼孵出约140h左右开口摄食,开口饵料为小型臂尾轮虫.全长10mm左右的仔鱼可摄食卤虫幼体,全长11mm左右的个体可摄食枝角类.对431尾仔、稚、幼鱼观察结果,在实验条件下其摄食率高达99.1%,胃饱满系数波动于2.38%～16.48%之间,日摄食指数在45%～60%.其摄食强度具明显的昼夜节律,以16:00～20:00胃饱满度最高.仔、稚鱼夜间基本不摄食,部分幼鱼个体少量摄食.仔、稚、幼鱼个体间生长速度具有一定的差异性.其体重与摄食量的关系符合直线方程y=0.1018+8.3261×10-2x;全长与体重的相关关系可用ω=1.6473×10-3L3.4743表示,全长与日龄的关系式为Lt=5.5242e1.9681×10-2D;体重与日龄的回归方程为ω=0.5836e6.9208×10-2D. 相似文献
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Effects of the mixture of β-ecdysone and polypodine -B (2 : 1 W/W) on the moulting and growth of prawn, Penaeus orientaliss were studied in laboratory by rearing the animal with the added compound diets. The results showed that the addition of the moulting hormone (M. H) mixture to compound diets, from 1. 33× 10-6 to 30×10-6, could increase moulting activity and growth rate of the prawn to different extents, among which the 5. 33× 10-6-10. 67×10-6addition had statistically significant effects. However, 60 × 10-6 added diets caused moulting and growth inhibitions and cuticle thickening. The analyses of protein, water and ash contents of the prawn showed no remarkable differences between hormone dosed animals and the control. 相似文献
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卵形鲳鳆消化系统的胚后发育 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用形态学和连续组织切片技术,研究了孵化后31d前的卵形鲳够（Trachinotusoyatus）仔、稚、幼鱼的消化系统发育,描述了其消化器官发育过程和组织学结构特征．研究表明,在水温为23—28℃的培育条件下,消化系统发育可划分为4个阶段,第1阶段（0—2d）：初孵仔鱼消化管仅为一细长的线状管,位于卵黄囊上方,不具备摄食和消化能力,为内源性营养阶段．第2阶段（3—5d）：口和肛门形成,消化道与外界相通,开始摄食．5d仔鱼卵黄囊完全吸收,出现肝脏、胰脏,为混合营养阶段,消化道分化成口咽腔、食道、胃、前肠和后肠．第3阶段（6—17d）：随着鱼体的生长,消化系统从结构和功能上逐步发育完善,进入到外源性营养阶段．仔鱼前肠中出现空泡,后肠中发现有嗜伊红颗粒,表明肠上皮细胞吸收了脂肪和蛋白质．17—18d仔鱼出现胃腺和幽门盲囊,标志着稚鱼期的开始．第4阶段（18—22d）：胃腺、幽门盲囊、肝胰脏等消化器官发育完成,鱼苗进入幼鱼期．结果表明,卵形鲳碜消化系统的发育是与仔、稚鱼的生长、形态发育和功能的完善相一致的． 相似文献
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Different thermal preferences for brooding and larval dispersal of two neighboring shrimps in deep‐sea hydrothermal vent fields 
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下载免费PDF全文 Hiromi Watanabe Takuya Yahagi Yukiko Nagai MiHye Seo Shigeaki Kojima Jun‐ichiro Ishibashi Hiroyuki Yamamoto Katsunori Fujikura Satoshi Mitarai Takashi Toyofuku 《Marine Ecology》2016,37(6):1282-1289
Temperature is an important factor affecting the distributions and life‐history traits of marine animals. Deep‐sea hydrothermal vents are suitable environments to examine ecologic differences related to temperature, due to the steep temperature gradients around the vents. Rearing experiments under various temperature conditions (5–30 °C) at atmospheric pressure demonstrated a difference in thermal effects on egg hatching and larva in two co‐occurring, vent‐associated alvinocaridid shrimps – the peripherally distributed Alvinocaris longirostris and the centrally distributed Shinkaicaris leurokolos. The duration before hatching became shorter as temperature increased, while the maximum hatching rate occurred at higher temperatures in S. leurokolos (10–20 °C) than in A. longirostris (10 °C). Hatched larvae of both species were negatively buoyant, and larva with normal abdominal length could actively swim and stay suspended in the mid‐ or surface water layers of the culture plates under our experimental conditions. However, no larvae settled or metamorphosed into juveniles under the rearing conditions used in this study. Larvae with shortened abdomens occurred under most of the experimental conditions, although they were less frequent at 10 °C in A. longirostris and 20 °C in S. leurokolos. The maximum survival periods at these temperatures were 88 days in A. longirostris and 30 days in S. leurokolos. These characteristics may cause differences in the distributional ranges of the two species. The present results indicate that temperature is an important factor controlling life‐history traits of vent shrimps. 相似文献
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Impacts of CO2-driven seawater acidification on survival, egg production rate and hatching success of four marine copepods 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ecological experiments were conducted to examine the effects of seawater containing elevated par- tial pressure of carbon dioxide (p CO2 800 × 10 -6 , 2 000 × 10 -6 , 5 000 × 10 -6 and 10 000 × 10 -6 ) on the survival and reproduction of female Acartia pacifica, Acartia spinicauda, Calanus sinicus and Centropages tenuiremis, which are the dominant copepods in the southern coastal waters of China. The results show that the effects of elevated p CO2 on the survival rates of copepods were species-specific. C. sinicus, which was a macro-copepod, had a higher survival rate (62.01%-71.96%) than the other three species (5.00%-26.67%) during the eight day exposure. The egg production rates of C. sinicus, A. spinicauda and C. tenuiremis were significantly inhibited by the increased p CO2 and the exposure time duration. There were significantly negative impacts on the egg hatching success of A. spinicauda and C. tenuiremis in the p CO2 2 000 × 10 -6 and 10 000 × 10 -6 groups, and, in addition, the exposure time had noticeably impacts on these rates too. This study indicates that the reproductive performances of copepods were sensitive to elevated p CO2 , and that the response of different copepod species to acidified seawater was different. Furthermore, the synergistic effects of seawater acidification and climate change or other pollutant stresses on organisms should be given more attention. 相似文献
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三突蛀木水虱 Limnoria tripunctata Menzies (图1)属甲壳纲、等足目、扇肢亚目、蛀木水虱科(Limnoridae),分布于太平洋、大西洋和印度洋,在我国是一种常见的蛀木害虫。
三突蛀木水虱的体型较小,在木材表面凿木穴居,一般不易见到。它是海洋中木船、网樯、码头桩柱、海港护木和养殖池闸门等木质结构物的破坏者之一，能造成巨大的经济损失。
为了有效地防除蛀木水虱,需要对它的生态学和生物学进行详细的研究。本文根据作者1983-1984年在青岛港对三突蛀木水虱自然种群进行为时一周年的随机取样调查分析,和连续几年在实验室培养实验观察的结果,对其繁殖习性探讨、报道如下。 相似文献
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本文报导了利用对虾育苗设施，进行天然海水河蟹工厂化育苗生产性试验。试验结果令人满意，６９６只亲蟹产出蟹苗１７６４万只。文中讨论了亲蟹的暂养与促产、幼体孵化、幼体培育等主要技术环节。 相似文献
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The effect of the orientation on the magnetostriction in Fe81Ga19 alloy has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. The Fe81Ga19 [001] and [110] oriented crystals were prepared and the magnetostriction was measured under different pre-stress. The saturation magnetostriction of the [001] oriented crystal increases from 170×10-6 to 330×10-6 under the pre-stress from 0 to 50 MPa. The [110] oriented crystal has a saturation magnetostriction from 20×10-6 to 140×10-6 with the compressive pre-stress from 0 to 40 MPa. The magnetostriction of [001] and [110] oriented crystals has been simulated based on the phenomenological theory. The domain rotation path has been determined and the resultant magnetostriction calculated under different pre-stress. The experimental and simulated results both show that the [001] oriented crystal exhibits better magnetostriction than [110] oriented crystal. The enhancement of the saturation magnetostriction by the compressive pre-stress in the [110] oriented crystal is higher than that in the [001] oriented crystal. 相似文献