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１９９０年３月至１９９２年６月对南海大鹏湾盐田附近海域的夜光藻种群动态及时空分布进行了综合调查，发现夜光藻种群的出现期间一般是１－６月，数量高峰期为３－５月，种群密度的波动极为显著。调查期间共发生１０次赤潮，且都发生在３月初至５月初。大鹏湾诳光藻赤潮的发生特点是赤潮的发生和消失突然，持续时间短，一般不超过３ｄ。 相似文献
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大鹏湾夜光藻赤潮的营养动力学模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据大鹏湾夜光藻Noctilucascintillans赤潮发生要素的结构关系，利用生物种群生态学和营养动力学的原理，提出夜光藻－硅藻－营养物质三者相关的动力学模型，模型中的参数将体现海况环境的有关因素。文中利用微分方程动力系统理论对模型作出定性分析，给出赤潮发生与否的某些判别条件；并根据1991年3月1日一4月30日大鹏湾所发生的夜光藻赤潮数据分别对1次赤潮全过程和有连续3次赤潮的情形进行了有效的数值模拟，所得结果对赤潮的预测预报研究有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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大鹏湾夜光藻赤潮的营养动力学模型 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
根据大鹏湾夜光藻赤潮发生要素的结构关系，利用生物种群生态学和营养动力学的原理，提出夜光藻－硅藻－营养物质三者相关的动力学模型，模型中的参数瘵体现海况环境的有关因素。文中利用微分方程动力系统理论对模型作出定性分析，给出赤潮发生与否的某些判别条件；并根据１９９１年３月１日－４月３０日大鹏湾所发生的夜光藻赤潮数据地１次赤潮全过程和有连续３次赤潮的情形进行了有效的数值模拟，所得结果对赤潮的预测预报研究有一 相似文献
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夜光藻(Noctilucascintillans)是典型的赤潮生物,在世界多个海域形成过大面积赤潮,对海洋生态系统构成一定的威胁。夜光藻赤潮的发生不仅受外界环境因子的影响,其有性繁殖的方式在赤潮发生过程中也起着重要作用。本研究从连云港海域分离获得一株夜光藻,利用自行设计的饵料藻投喂装置,以天然海水为培养基,在温度20～25℃范围内实现了夜光藻的室内长期培养,并观察记录了夜光藻配子发生全过程。研究结果表明,夜光藻不同生长阶段培养体系中配子母细胞与营养细胞密度变化趋势基本一致,显示夜光藻的有性繁殖发生与种群丰度存在一定的相关性,但它们之间的因果关系还有待进一步探讨。本研究结果加深了对夜光藻有性繁殖的认识,有助于阐明其种群增长模式,并深入理解其赤潮暴发机制。 相似文献
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文章对泉州市沿海2008—2017年发生的15起赤潮灾害进行综合分析，结果表明：①赤潮平均每年发生1.5起，发生面积31.0 km2，发生天数7 d，从赤潮发生次数、发生面积和发生天数来看，后5年（2013—2017年）较之前5年（2008—2012年），呈明显的上升趋势；赤潮的主要发生期为4—9月，暴发高峰期为5—6月；平均每次赤潮持续时间为4.7 d；②引发赤潮的藻类有9种，其中硅藻门（Bacillariophyta）4种，甲藻门（Dinophyta）4种，金藻门（Chrysophyta）1种，引发赤潮次数最多的是夜光藻（Noctiluca scintillans）和米氏凯伦藻（Karenia mikimotoi）；引发赤潮的藻类具有演替规律，不断有新的藻类引发赤潮；每种硅藻赤潮均只发生过1起，甲藻引发赤潮次数最多，金藻赤潮发生天数最多，面积最大；③有毒赤潮共发生6起，其中米氏凯伦藻（Karenia mikimotoi）和链状裸甲藻（Gymnodinium catenatum）赤潮严重危害人类健康和水产养殖业；④赤潮分布范围广，主要发生在惠安县海域和石狮市海域。通过全面分析近10年泉州市沿海赤潮的基本特征，为泉州市赤潮的预警预报工作提供科学依据。 相似文献
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A. B. Nikishina A. V. Drits Yu. V. Vasilyeva A. G. Timonin K. A. Solovyev T. N. Ratkova V. M. Sergeeva 《Oceanology》2011,51(6):1029-1039
Noctiluca scintillans is a common and numerous component of the heterotrophic plankton living in the Black Sea. It can play a significant role
in the trophic dynamics of the pelagial community. The ingestion rate for the Black Sea Noctiluca is experimentally measured in this article, and its influence on the plankton community over the spring period is estimated.
The average grazing of phytoplankton by the N. scintillans population made up about 0.8% in March. In local swarms, it was up to 11%. Noctiluca grazed 4.6% of the primary production per day in June. The grazing of Calanus euxinus eggs by the Noctiluca population varied from 1% to 42% in March. Then, it was 16% in April and 23% in June. The grazing of Acartia clausi eggs was from 1% to 7% in March–April (up to 80% in Noctiluca swarms), from 60% to 817% in May, and 45% in June. The grazing of Calanus faecal pellets was less than 1% in March–April and more than 20% in the beginning of June. It is the first time when the
cumulative daily ration (subject to its various food components) for N. scintillans has been measured. The size of the ration was significantly higher than the energy expenditures on metabolism both in March
(0.21 μg of C/ind/day) and in the beginning of June (0.28 μg of C/ind/day). Thus, the rapid growth of the population was enabled. 相似文献
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夜光藻是我国广泛分布的赤潮原因种之一,其有性繁殖在种群增长中的作用尚不明确,定量分析配子细胞是研究夜光藻有性繁殖过程的重要手段。利用实时荧光定量PCR技术,以夜光藻rRNA基因的18S-ITS1为靶区域,建立了定量检测夜光藻配子细胞的方法。以配子细胞基因组DNA和含目的片段的重组质粒分别建立标准工作曲线,二者均呈现良好的线性响应,检出限分别为每反应0.17个细胞和102个拷贝,满足定量检测应用需求。应用该方法对2015年逐月采集的胶州湾环境样品进行检测,并首次对夜光藻配子细胞的季节变化、水平分布与垂直分布进行了研究。结果表明,调查海域夜光藻配子丰度呈冬末春初、夏季双峰分布,范围为18.12~9.70×105 cells/L;在水深小于10m的湾内近岸站位,配子丰度较低,垂直分布均匀;在湾中心、湾口和湾外的深水站位,配子丰度较高,仅在2~3月、7月和11月出现垂向差异。夜光藻配子细胞对种群增长和存续有潜在的积极意义,其丰度在营养细胞丰度高值期相对较高,在营养细胞丰度极低时仍可普遍检出。丰富了对近岸海域夜光藻配子细胞时空分布的认识,为深入研究夜光藻的种群增长模式、进一步探究其赤潮暴发的内在机理奠定了基础。 相似文献
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南海大鹏湾海洋卡盾藻赤潮发生的环境背景 总被引：29，自引：3，他引：29
根据１９９１年２－３月，大鹏湾盐田水域的理化、水文、气象、海况的动态变化和大鹏湾底泥中发现海洋卡盾藻孢囊的事实，从生态学的角度分析并提出了１９９１年３月２０－２１日发生在大鹏湾盐田水域的海洋卡盾藻赤潮形成过程和机理。分析结果认为，此次赤潮应从３月７－１０日的水温急升而引发的孢囊一齐萌芽开始，此后在东南风引起的表层风海流作用下，营养细胞逐渐在湾西北部的盐田水域聚集，而１６－１９日水 营养盐和金属元素 相似文献
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Seasonal variability of living benthic foraminifera from the outer continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Grald Duchemin Frans J. Jorissen Franois Le Loc'h Franoise Andrieux-Loyer Christian Hily Grard Thouzeau 《Journal of Sea Research》2008,59(4):297-319
Living benthic foraminiferal faunas of six stations from the continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay have been investigated during three successive seasons (spring, summer and autumn 2002). For the three investigated stations, bottom water oxygen concentration, oxygen penetration into the sediment and sediment organic carbon contents are all relatively similar. Therefore, we think that the density and the composition of the foraminiferal faunas is mainly controlled by the quantity and quality of organic input resulting from a succession of phytoplankton bloom events, occurring from late February to early September. The earliest blooms are positioned at the shelf break, late spring and early summer blooms occur off Brittany, whereas in late summer and early autumn, only coastal blooms appear, often in the vicinity of river outlets. In spring, the benthic foraminiferal faunas of central (B, C and D) and outer (E) continental shelf stations are characterised by strong dominance in the first area and strong presence in the second area of Nonionella iridea. In fact, station E does not serve as a major depocenter for the remains of phytoplankton blooms. If station E is not considered, the densities of this taxon show a clear gradient from the shelf-break, where the species dominates the assemblages, to the coast, where it attains very low densities. We explain this gradient as a response to the presence, in early spring, of an important phytoplankton bloom, mainly composed of coccolithophorids, over the shelf break. This observation is supported by the maximum particles flux values at stations close to the shelf break (18.5 g m− 2 h− 1) and lower values in a station closer to the coast (6.8 g m− 2 h− 1). In summer, the faunal density is maximum at station A, relatively close to more varied phytoplancton blooms that occur off Brittany until early June. We suggest that the dominant species, Nonion fabum, Cassidulina carinata and Bolivina ex. gr. dilatata respond to phytodetritus input from these blooms. In autumn, the rich faunas of inner shelf station G are dominated by N. fabum, B. ex. gr. dilatata, Hyalinea balthica and Nonionella turgida. These taxa seem to be correlated with the presence of coastal blooms phenomena, in front of river outlets. They may be favoured by an organic input with a significant contribution of terrestrial, rather low quality organic matter. 相似文献
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A. B. Amelina V. M. Sergeeva E. G. Arashkevich A. V. Drits N. E. Louppova K. A. Solovyev 《Oceanology》2017,57(6):806-816
The feeding of abundant herbivore plankton species has been investigated during different stages of coccolithophorid development in the northeastern Black Sea, namely, at the initial stage of development (March 2009) and at the massive bloom stage (June 2011 and May 2013). The role of coccolithophorids as a food source for Black Sea copepods Calanus euxinus, Acartia clausi, and Pseudocalanus elongatus; the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans; and the larvacean Oikopleura dioica has been characterized for the first time. The contribution of coccolithophorids to copepod ration was low (0.2 to 13% of total carbon intake) during all study periods. The content of these organisms in the diet of N. scintillans ranged from 17 to 100%. The coccolithophorid bloom apparently had a stronger positive effect on the nutrition of fine filter feeders, such as N. scintillans and O. dioica, than on copepod nutrition. Daily coccolithophorid consumption by zooplankton ranged from 0.7 to 39.4% of the biomass in different study periods. The grazing of N. scintillans and O. dioica populations made the greatest contribution to coccolithophorid consumption (up to 26 and 23% of the coccolithophorid biomass, respectively). 相似文献
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南海大鹏湾海洋褐胞藻赤潮及其成因 总被引：22，自引：5，他引：22
于１９９１年３月２０－２１日在大鹏湾首次发生海洋褐胞藻赤潮。对此分析了赤潮发生前后海洋环境因素的变化及其与赤潮的关系；以风速，气压，盐度，温度，磷酸盐，硝酸盐，铵盐，铁离子等８项指标为基础，改变参数组合，对采自１９９１年３－５月特定站位（Ｓｏ）的各样方进行聚类分析和比较。结果表明，在盐度为３１－３２和水温为２０℃的适宜条件下，铁离子和风速是形成本次赤潮的主要环境要素；大量营养盐尤其是硝酸盐度的增加 相似文献
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Population Development of the DinoflagellatesCeratium furca andCeratium fusus during Spring and Early Summer in Iwa Harbor, Sagami Bay, Japan 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
To examine the population development of the dinoflagellates, Ceratium furca and Ceratium fusus, daily field monitoring was
conducted between April and July 2003 in the temperate coastal water of Sagami Bay, Japan. During the study period, the concentrations
of C. furca were always lower than those of C. fusus. A sharp increase in the densities of both species was recorded on 5
May showing the maximum cell concentrations (C. furca = 14,800 cells L-1, C. fusus = 49,600 cells L-1). In the 7 days prior to the May bloom of the Ceratium species (29 April to 1 May), the highest density of the heterotrophic
dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans was observed. Additionally, a second bloom of C. fusus occurred on 22 July. Here, two
causes of the significant increases in the Ceratium populations during the two blooming periods (first time; 1 to 8 May, second
time; 15 to 22 July) are presented. First, an increase in the nutrients of the surface layer regenerated by the breakdown
of blooms by N.scintillans could be considered as a major cause of the population increase of the two Ceratium species. Second,
a decrease in salinity (to 27 psu) was correlated with the later bloom ofC. fusus. These results suggest that the population development of the two Ceratium species requires nutrients regenerated after the
reduction of the diatom population byN. scintillans and, forC. fusus, continuous low salinity conditions, compared to other environmental factors during the rainy season. Key words: Ceratium
furca; Ceratium fusus; Noctiluca scintillans; Bloom process; Environmental factor 相似文献