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中国海岸带环境水文地质问题及防治 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
由于地质和地理条件的特殊性,海岸带地区生态环境极其脆弱和敏感。当今,城市化进程中的人类工程活动对滨海城市地质环境改造不断加剧,区域地下水下降漏斗、水资源短缺、水环境污染、地面沉降、地表塌陷、海水入侵、生态环境退化等环境水文地质问题突出,已严重制约我国海岸带地区实现可持续发展战略。如何有效地进行海岸带地区环境水文地质问题的防治,以保持地下水资源和环境的协调发展,已成为我国滨海城市实现可持续发展战略的一项重要任务。 相似文献
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海岸带滨水区具有多重功能,是地球上物理、化学、生物和地质过程最活跃的地区,对人类社会发展具有特别重要的意义.但随着海洋城市建设的加速推进,海岸带资源开发力度的不断加大,滨水区承受的压力也日益加剧.本文归纳总结了海岸带滨水区开发利用方式及特点,系统地分析了滨水区环境退化的胁迫机理,研究提出了海岸带滨水资源利用的六方面策略:1)以循环经济和可持续发展理念指导海岸带滨水区的开发利用;2)对滨水区生产和生活岸线布局进行战略调整;3)坚持亲水性原则,精心布局,开发好、利用好海湾滨水资源;4)大力发展海岸带滨水区沙滩特色旅游,高度重视沙滩的保护;5)构建海岸带滨水区生态预警与防范体系;6)实施海岸带滨水区生态修复、加强海湾滨岸生态化建设. 相似文献
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海岸带地区是人类活动最频繁的地区之一。随着工业化和城市化进程的加剧,该地区资源环境问题日益突出。本文从系统角度出发,分析了海岸带人地系统特征,探索可持续发展自组织演化过程,提出海岸带可持续发展综合调控的目标、要点和途径。 相似文献
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我国海岸带资源可持续发展的内涵及对策 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
可持续发展是当今世界永恒的主题 ,资源和环境是可持续发展的基础。海岸带是一个特殊的地带 ,有着特殊的地理位置和丰富的自然资源。在我国 ,海岸带资源是自然资源的重要组成部分 ,是我国社会经济发展的重要物质基础。我国沿海地区以１３%的土地面积 ,养活了４２%的人口并提供了６０%以上的国内生产总值［１］。但是近几年来 ,由于人口不断向海岸带地区集聚 ,海岸带地区的资源和环境开发利用出现了前所未有的高潮 ,使得海岸带地区的资源开发过度 ,环境遭到破坏 ,这在很大程度上制约了沿海地区经济的持续发展。因而 ,研究海岸带资源和环境的… 相似文献
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历史发展的大趋势表明,21世纪将进入海洋世纪。海岸带是陆地和海洋交互作用的地区,也是我国政治、经济、文化最发达的地区,在我国陆上资源、生存发展空间潜力愈来愈小的情况下,迫切需要强化海岸带意识.大力开发海岸带丰富的资源,保护海岸带环境,增强中国社会、经济的可持续发展能力建设。 1.海岸带的界定及海岸带地域系统 海岸带是陆地系统和海洋系统的一个接合部,是一个敏感带、过渡带,是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分,是地球系统科学的重要组成部分 海岸带是海洋与大陆两大不同属性的地貌单元相互连接的地带,又可称为海 相似文献
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Size-fractionated uranium isotopes in surface waters in the Jiulong Estuary in China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
L&#; E ZHANG Lei CHEN Min QIU Yusheng XING N YANG Weifeng LI Yanping HUANG Yipu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(1):29-41
Surface water was collected from the Jiulong Estuary for determination of activity concentrations of uranium isotopes in different size fractions, namely, greater than 53, 10 -53, 2 - 10, 0.4 -2 μm, 10 000 u -0.4 μm and less than 10 000 u fractions by microfihration and cross-flow uhrafiltration technologies. Results indicated that most of the dissolved uranium （ 〈 0.4 μm） exis- ted in the low molecular mass fraction （ 〈 10 000 u）, and the colloidal uranium-238 （10 000 u -0.4 μm） only contributed less than 1% of the dissolved uranium-238. The fractions of colloidal uranium in the dissolved phases decreased with the increasing sa- linity. A positive linear relationship between uranium-238 activities and salinities was observed for the dissolved, colloidal and low molecular mass fractions, indicating a conservative behavior of uranium in the Jiulong Estuary. In the particulate phases （ 〉 0.4 μm）, the partitioning of uranium isotopes among different size fractions was controlled by the partitioning of particle concentrations. In the regions with salinities below 20, the partitioning of uranium-238 among different size fractions was as follows： 10 - 53 μm 〉 2 - 10 μm 〉 0.4 - 2 μm greater than above 53 μm. However, the order at the offshore station with salinities above 30 changed as follows ： 0.4 - 2 μm 〉 10 - 53 μm 〉 2 - 10 μm greater than above 53 μm. The fraction of the 0.4 - 2 μm particles increased at the offshore station, suggesting the increased contribution of the authigenic uranium. The activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in the dissolved phases, including the low molecular mass fraction and the colloidal fraction, was larger than unity, showing the occurrence of excess uranium-234. In contrast, the activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in all size fractions of the particulate phase was close to the equilibrium value （1.0）. The observed different values of the activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in the dissolved phase and the partic 相似文献
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Voronova O. S. Zima A. L. Kladov V. L. Cherepanova E. V. 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2020,56(9):1042-1052
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The results of satellite wildfire monitoring and estimates for the amounts of emissions of harmful gases and fine aerosols in Siberia from 2001 to 2019... 相似文献
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铅(Pb)是已知毒性最大的重金属污染物之一,它可通过呼吸以及饮食摄入人体.铅是一种慢性的积累性毒物和潜在的致癌、致突变物质.铅的性质与钙类似,在人体骨骼中能够积蓄,主要损害神经系统、造血器官和肾脏 [1].鉴于重金属铅对人体如此严重的生物毒性作用,美国环保总局(EPA)将其列入内分泌干扰物(又称环境激素)名单,因此对环境水体中铅的检测具有重要意义.本文简述了海水中铅的含量及其存在形态,评述了原子光谱法、分子光谱法、质谱法及电化学法在海水中铅含量及其形态分析中的应用. 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2013
Marine environment protection in Europe faces a number of challenges. One is the coordination of relevant sectoral policies — such as agricultural and fisheries policies — with regard to marine protection objectives. The question in the following is on how marine protection issues can be more closely integrated in sectoral policies under the conditions prevailing at present. In particular the strength and weaknesses of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) as the key instrument for marine environment protection in Europe are analyzed in this context. In particular, the MSFD does not adequately address all sectors and policies which are relevant to marine environment protection. One possible means of giving the MSFD greater influences on other policies of relevance to marine waters is to integrate the objectives established under the MSFD in the European maritime policy. The aim should be to require the further development of sectoral policies to take unrestricted account of the objectives of the MSFD implementation process. But also other instruments of marine policy such as maritime spatial planning and marine protected areas are crucial to advance the protection of European seas. 相似文献
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对一氧化氮在浮游植物中的研究进展进行了归纳,总结了一氧化氮对浮游植物生长的影响,探讨了浮游植物中一氧化氮的产生机制,并对今后的研究重点提出展望。 相似文献
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Much of the recent Canadian activity in marine technology has focused on development of capabilities in Arctic waters, and on the update and replacement of naval vessels. This paper describes some of the significant projects and programs now under way, and suggests future research and development requirements. 相似文献
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JIN Xianglong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(12):1-3
In China submarine geosciences represents a newly established discipline of oceanography, focusing on the oceanic lithosphere, and its interface with the hydrosphere and biosphere. Recently, supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program and other high-tech development projects, significant progress has been made in the development of advanced technologies and equipment. This en- ables the scientists in China to carry out explorations of the international seabed area in the Pacific Ocean and on the Southwest Indian Ridge. In addition, they have been active in the research activities associated the mid-ocean ridges and western Pacific marginal seas. It is anticipated that this research field will continue to be highly fruitful in the near future. 相似文献
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湄洲湾夏季的初级生产力 总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2
湄洲湾１９９２年夏季的叶绿素ａ，三磷酸腺苷，碳比积累速率，初级生产力的变化范围和均值分别为０．４５－４．７２，１．４９ｍｇ／ｍ＾３；０．１２－１．０７，０．３１μｇ／ｄｍ＾３；０．０６－０．５８，０．３４ｄ＾－１；０．０７－０．３４，０．２１ｍ／（ｍ＾２．ｄ）。叶绿素ａ与三磷酸腺苷之间。初级生产力与碳比积累速率之间均呈正相关关系。叶绿素ａ三磷本能腺苷的比值为４．８，湄洲湾夏季浮游植物的生长受氮不足 相似文献