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1.
内蒙古大青山地区早前寒武纪变质地层的组成及特征 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
内蒙古大青山地区是华北克拉通北缘早前寒武纪变质杂岩发育地区，也是高级变质地层发育地区。多年来，对该区早产寒武纪变质地层的组成和划分一直存在着争议。近几年来，作者以相同或相似的岩性组合为基本填图单位，以变形变质作用特征的研究为主线，结合岩浆活动作用，原岩建造等方面的研究，通过对内蒙古大青山地区的6幅、：5万区域地质调查，提出自该区早前寒武纪变质地层自下而上可划分为古太古代兴和岩群，中太古代乌拉山岩群和古元古代美岱召岩群3个岩群，并进一步划分为8个岩组。其中兴和岩群和乌拉山岩群均遭受了麻粒岩相－高角闪岩相条件下的多期强烈的变形变质作用改造，并相互参差交错地工生在一起。详细地构造解析结果表明，兴和岩群和乌拉山岩群均遭受到一期下地壳麻粒岩相环境下的近水平剪切变形和高角闪岩相条件下的近南北向和近东西向纵向构造置换作用的改造。早期近水平剪切导致乌拉山岩群的各个地层单元以透镜状岩片叠置于兴和岩群之上，后期纵向构造置换作用导致兴和岩群和乌拉山岩群的不同地层单元沿现存叶理相互穿插，造成以现存叶理为标志的“假互层”或“假夹层”。美岱召岩群为一套浅变质的碎屑沉积岩系，仅遭受绿片岩相变质，变形特征也不同于乌拉山岩群，其以角度不整合覆盖在由乌拉山岩群，兴和岩群及侵入其中变质深成岩组成的高级变质杂岩之上。 相似文献
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在湘南著名的Cu、Pb、Zn、Sn多金属成矿区——宝山至香花岭一带,燕山期岩浆岩发育,成群成带展布。由北往南分别有宝山岩带、黄沙坪岩群和香花岭岩群,岩性由中性向酸性过渡。稀土元素分布特征表明:北边的宝山岩带可能是下部地壳物质批式熔融上侵产物,在上侵过程中可能经历过不同程度的分离结晶作用;南边的香花岭岩群可能是上部地壳物质重熔岩浆经分离结晶分异的产物;而中间的黄沙坪岩群则可能是重熔岩浆与下部地壳部分熔融初始岩浆混合后上侵再经结晶分异的产物,该区由北往南出现Cu—Pb、Zn—Sn的成矿分带是不同岩浆成矿专属性的体现。 相似文献
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新太古界五台岩群分布于五台山及恒山南部,以往研究程度高,认识分岐大,划分方案多,研究表明五台山花岗绿岩带是被不同时期、不同性质的韧性剪切带分隔成一系列的北东东向的构造片体,这些韧性剪切带多数情况下主剪切面与上下盘岩层平行,构成不同的构造层或不连续变质地体单元的界面,五台岩群本身属构造岩石地层单位,并将其划分为：石咀亚岩群、台怀亚岩群、高凡亚岩群,三者合称五台山绿岩带。 相似文献
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卓资—阳高一带麻粒岩相岩石的原岩恢复及其地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
太古界集宁群地层在研究区广泛分布,西起内蒙的卓资、和林格尔经集宁、兴和南延入山西大同、阳高,东延至河北省的怀安县一带,构成一个走向为北东的大复背斜,其核部位于大同北—葛胡窑—马市口一带,麻粒岩十分发育。本区区域变质作用上部P—T界限约为800-900℃,11—13千巴,埋藏深度相当于38—44公里,地热梯度21—20℃/公里,属中压相系的麻粒岩。本文试图在野外工作基础上,通过室内岩相学和岩石化学等方面的研究,对本区变质岩系的原岩进行恢复,并对其地球化学特征作了初步的探讨。 相似文献
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贺兰山——阿拉善地区下、中前寒武系的划分对比及其变质、成矿作用特征 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
据近期成果,贺兰山—阿拉善地区出露的巨厚变质杂岩可划分为中太古界贺兰山群和叠布斯格群(其全岩Rb—Sr等时年龄为3108.3和3218.8Ma),上太古界阿拉善群和下元古界的赵池沟群、阿拉坦敖包群;它们具不同的变质矿物共生组合,太古界变质岩属低压高温变质的麻粒岩相;下元古界为低—低中压区域动力(热流)变质的绿片岩相岩石。太古界有较强的混合岩化、花岗岩化作用,并蕴藏有铁、石墨、矽线石、刚玉等多种矿产。 相似文献
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华南和三江—东南亚钨成矿带均位于两个古陆所挟持的凹陷带中。花岗岩类活动和有关的钨锡成矿作用具有多旋迥的特点。燕山期是高峰时期。两个矿带均发育有重熔型、同熔型、分异型和变质—交代型4类花岗岩。华南带的重熔型和同熔型花岗岩类均伴随有钨锡成矿作用,但以前者为主;钨和锡的成矿作用同等重要;锡矿以锡石—硫化物建造为主,矽卡岩型含锡磁铁矿矿床亦颇发育;矿床中锡以锡石为主。三江—东南亚带,成矿主要与重熔型花岗岩类有关;以锡的成矿作用为主;锡矿以锡石—石英建造为主。矿床中锡也以锡石为主。 两个矿带的成矿作用强度均与K、Na及F、(BO)_3和(OH)等蚀变—交代作用强度成正比。两个矿带成矿作用的差异,主要与所处的区域地质背景不同有关。 相似文献
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The Bandas belt, one of two prominent Archaean greenstone belts in the Central African Republic (Equatorial Africa), is ca. 250 km long. At the southernmost part of the belt, a metasedimentary—metavolcanic rock suite is preserved only in brachysynclines. The suite can be divided into two lithostratigraphic units. The lower unit is composed predominantly of volcanic rocks, while the upper one contains mainly metasedimentary rocks. The volcanic rocks, which are part of a sequence ca. 3600 m thick, can be sub-divided according to stratigraphic position, lithology and geochemistry into three groups. The lowermost group includes low-K tholeiitic basalts depleted in light REE. The second group consists of tholeiitic basalts with light REE-enriched patterns and the third, uppermost, group includes andesites, which are similar in several respects to Recent calc-alkaline andesites.The tholeiitic basalts of the first two groups are probably related to different upper mantle sources. The andesites of the third group were produced either by fractional crystallization from a basaltic magma enriched in light REE or equilibrium melting of eclogite or garnet amphibolite. 相似文献
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In the Archaean Murchison Province of Western Australia, granitoid batholiths and plutons that intruded into the ca. 2.7–2.8
Ga and ca. 3.0 Ga greenstone belts can be divided into three major suites. Suite I is a ca. 2.69 Ga monzogranite-granodiorite
suite, which was derived from anatexis of old continental crust and occurs as syn-tectonic composite batholiths over the entire
province. Suite II is a trondhjemite-tonalite suite (termed I-type) derived from partial melting of subducted basaltic crust,
which intruded as syn- to late-tectonic plutons into the greenstone belts in the northeastern part of the province where most
of the major gold deposits are situated. One of the Suite II trondhjemite plutons has a Pb−Pb isochron age of 2641±36 Ma,
and one of the structurally youngest tonalite plutons has a minimum Pb−Pb isochron age of 2630.1±4.3 Ma. Suite III is a ca.
2.65–2.62 Ga A-type monzogranite-syenogranite suite which is most abundant in the largely unmineralised southwestern part
of the province. Gold deposits in the province are mostly hosted in brittle-ductile shear zones, and were formed at a late
stage in the history of metamorphism, deformation and granitoid emplacement. At one locality, mineralisation has been dated
at 2636.8±4.2 Ma through a pyritetitanite Pb−Pb isochron. Lead and Sr isotope studies of granitoids and gold deposits indicate
that, although most gold deposits have initial Pb isotope compositions most closely similar to those of Suite II intrusions,
both Suite I and Suite II intrusions or their source regions could have contributed solutes to the ore fluids. These preliminary
data suggest that gold mineralisation in the Murchison Province was temporally and spatially associated with Suite II I-type
granitoids in the northeastern part of the province. This association is consistent with the concept that Archaean gold mineralisation
was related to convergent-style tectonic settings, as generation of both Suite II I-type granitoids and hydrothermal ore fluids
could have been linked to the dehydration and partial fusion of subducted oceanic crust, and old sialic crust or its anatectic
products may also contribute solutes to the ore fluids. Integration of data from this study with other geological and radiogenic
isotope constraints in the Yilgarn Block argue against direct derivation of gold ore fluids from specific I-type granitoid
plutons, but favour a broad association with convergent tectonics and granitoid magmatism in the late Archaean. 相似文献
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Ion probe U‐Th‐Pb dating of zircons from the Late Archaean granites of the Norseman region of the southeastern Yilgarn shows the existence of two distinct magmatic episodes. Large regional tonalite and granodiorite plutons were emplaced between 2685 and 2690 Ma, whereas large regional granite, and small tonalite and leucogranite plutons that intrude the greenstones have ages of 2660–2665 Ma. A small body of granite that intrudes the western edge of the greenstones has an inferred emplacement of 2672 ± 7Ma, and contains inherited zircon that is ～2800 Ma. The monzogranite core from a second pluton in a similar structural position also contains ～2800 Ma zircon; this age is similar to published Sm‐Nd and Rb‐Sr whole rock ages for banded gneisses associated with other members of this suite of domal plutons and is interpreted as representing the age of a significant component within the source region for these distinctive rocks. Available geochemical and isotopic data are interpreted as indicating derivation of both the older granodiorite and younger granite suites through anatexis of pre‐existing crust of broadly andesitic composition, whereas both the domal granites and the small, late tonalite plutons could have been derived by anatexis of heterogeneous material similar to that represented by the banded gneisses. If regional metamorphism was related to the emplacement of large volumes of felsic magma within the upper crust, as suggested by Binns et al. (1976), then the Norseman area has probably undergone two periods of regional metamorphism of comparable intensity at approximately 2660 and 2685 Ma. 相似文献
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辽宁鞍本—抚顺地区太古宙变质层状岩系,前人分别建立了太古宙鞍山群井家沟组、石棚子组、通什村组、红透山组、樱桃园组、大峪沟组和茨沟组等地层单位,这些地层单位均呈规模大小不等的包体状、孤岛状等形态赋存于太古宙变质深成岩中,各组之间大部分孤立存在,无底无顶,相互间接触关系不清,是否属于同一时期形成的产物,长期一来存在着较多的争议。通过对各岩组原岩恢复、层序对比、含铁建造、变质作用等特点和以往及近期获得高精度测年数据的分析研究,把辽宁鞍本—抚顺地区太古宙层状岩系厘定为新太古代井家沟岩组、红透山岩组、茨沟岩组和樱桃园岩组等四个构造岩石地层单位,形成时间在2725亿a左右,为新太古代中晚期产物。 相似文献
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河北小觉地区阜平岩群斜长角闪岩及深熔产物的稀土和Nd同位素地球化学研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
工作中重点对河北平山小觉地区阜平岩群两类角闪质岩石深熔作用的地球化学进行了研究。一类为厚层状斜长角闪岩，相邻新生浅色体常量元素组成上向TTG花岗质岩石方向转化，稀土和高场强元素含量明显降低，轻重稀土分离程度增高，tDM减小，εNd(t0)增大。另一类为与黑云变粒岩－片麻岩互层的条带状、石香肠状斜长角闪岩，相邻新生浅色体与之存在不同的地球化学关系：（1）稀土总量相对增高，轻重稀土分离程度有所降低；（2）稀土总量和轻重稀土分离程度都有明显增高。后者Nd同位素组成与斜长角闪岩也存在很大区别。这些现象可用熔融母岩、形成条件等差异得到合理的解释。 相似文献
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Variations in metamorphic grade, structural style, isotopic ages and granite geochemistry observed within the Yilgarn craton, and between the Yilgarn and Pilbara cratons, Western Australia, are interpreted in terms of vertical zonation of the Archaean crust. We correlate the gneiss-granulite suite of the Wheat Belt (southwestern Yilgarn) with concealed coeval infracrustal roots of the low-grade granite—greenstone Kalgoorlie terrain (eastern Yilgarn). Differences between the Pilbara, Southern Cross and Laverton granite—greenstone blocks and the downfaulted linear greenstone belts of the Kalgoorlie block are interpreted in terms of deeper-level exposure in the first three blocks.Ultramafic—mafic volcanic sequences in the Yilgarn craton can be divided into at least two major groups — the lower greenstones, regarded as relicts of a once extensive simatic crust, and the significantly younger upper greenstones, believed to have formed within linear troughs following the intrusion of Na-rich granites.At least three major Archaean granite phases occur in Western Australia: (1) 3.1-2.9 b.y. old (recognized to date only in the western Yilgarn and in the Pilbara craton); (2) 2.8-2.7 b.y. old, and (3) 2.6 b.y. old (the two latter phases can only be separated from each other in the eastern Yilgarn, and phase (3) is also identified in the Pilbara). In the main, granites of phases (1) and (2) are Na-rich and those of phase (3) are K-rich. There is evidence for a secular increase in Rb levels and initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios. It is suggested that the K-rich granites grade down into Na-rich granites, and the former were generated by ensialic anatexis resulting in upward migration of K, Rb, U, and Th-enriched magmas.A review of data from several Archaean cratons in other continents suggests that evidence from these regions can be interpreted in terms of the general model of crustal evolution proposed for Western Australia. Implications of this model concerning petrogenesis of Archaean plutonic and volcanic suites, geothermal gradients and tectonic evolution of greenstone belts are discussed. Partial melting associated with mantle diapirism is thought to have given rise to the ultramafic—mafic volcanic cycles. Widespread subsidence and partial melting of this crust yielded Na-rich acid magmas. The development of the upper greenstones was confined to linear belts in a partly cratonized crustal environment. About 2.6 b.y. ago a rise in the geothermal gradient resulted in regional metamorphism and crusctal anatexis which gave rise to the K-rich granites. 相似文献
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通过对沙沟街地区商丹构造带北部原划秦岭群进行 1∶ 5万区调填图 ,从前人划分的副变质片麻岩中解体出一套变质中酸性古侵入体 - TTG岩系。划分和圈定出 5个片麻岩体 ,归并为 2个片麻杂岩 ,建立了老安子沟片麻岩套 ,并从岩石、地球化学等方面综合进行了探讨。 相似文献
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En‐De Wang Chang‐Ik Han Jian‐Ming Xia Jian‐Fei Fu Guang‐Su Li San‐Shi Jia Ye‐Kai Men 《Geological Journal》2016,51(3):480-498
The Anshan–Benxi iron producing area, which is located at the northeastern margin of the North China Craton, is the main distribution area of Archaean BIFs in China. In their eastern part, including the Gongchangling and Waitoushan deposits, BIFs mainly are hosted in the Archaean middle Anshan Group. Amphibolites are widely distributed in the iron‐bearing rock series, reflecting the tectonic setting of BIFs. Amphibolites not only have MORB‐like compositional characteristics, but also have island arc‐like ones, and they are consistent with back‐arc basin basalts (BABB). In the study area, the protolith of amphibolites belongs to Okinawa‐type BABB; it indicates that tectonic setting of BIFs is the intra‐continental back‐arc basin. In the study area, the formation of sedimentary basins for BIFs had been associated with oceanic plate subduction. Amphibolites from Gongchangling deposit are characterized by relative enrichments in LILE and LREE, and depletions in HFSE. This indicates that they had a relatively large influence of subduction in their formation. Amphibolites from Waitoushan deposit are characterized by relative enrichments in LILE without conspicuous depletions in HFSE, indicating relatively low subduction rates. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Barry L. Weaver 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1980,71(3):271-279
Archaean granulites from the type charnockite locality of Pallavaram, Madras City, Tamil Nadu, southern India consist of a
bimodal suite of basic and silicic orthogneisses, associated with metasedimentary gneisses (khondalites). Charnockite is the
dominant rock type.
Basic granulites display a tholeiitic trend of strong iron enrichment accompanied by an increase in the concentration of the
rare earth elements (REE), and the development of appreciable negative europium anomalies. These trends are considered to
reflect low pressure fractional crystallisation of pyroxene-plagioclase assemblages under conditions of lowf
O
2. Ultramafic granulites may represent the cumulus material of such a process.
The silicic granulites (charnockites) are generally K2O rich and in marked contrast to the low K2O (tonalitic) silicic gneisses which dominate most granulite facies terrains. Their REE abundances, however, embrace the complete
range of patterns observed in both K-rich and K-poor Archaean gneisses. The presence of a large number of pre-granulite facies
potassic pegmatites in the area suggests metasomatism of an originally less potassic suite of rocks. Trace element considerations
lead to a model whereby metasomatism and partial fusion of silicic gneisses in the terrain preceded the granulite facies metamorphic
event. This sequence of events is best related to fluctuations in the composition of metamorphic fluids in the lower crust. 相似文献