共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 703 毫秒
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Han Shujie Cheng Qiuming Department of Earth Atmospheric Science York University Toronto MJ P Canada 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(2)
INTRODUCTIONHydraulic conductivity is one of the most important pa-rameters of surficial deposits for hydrogeological study.At awatershed scale,the hydraulic conductivity changes verticallywith decreasing downward from the earth surface and horizon-tally from lithological unit to lithological unit. The verticalvariation of conductivity can be described by hydraulic conduc-tivity decay factor that describes the exponential decay of hy-draulic conductivity with the depth of the considered- p… 相似文献
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Mathematical Geosciences - 相似文献
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Patterns of crystallographic preferred orientation are referred to as texture. The specific subject of texture analysis is
the experimental determination and interpretation of the statistical distribution of orientations of crystals within a specimen
of polycrystalline material, which could be metals or rocks. The objective is to relate an observed pattern of preferred orientation
to its generating processes and vice versa. In geosciences, texture of minerals in rocks is used to infer constraints on their
tectono-metamorphic history. Since most physical properties of crystals, such as elastic moduli, the coefficients of thermal
expansion, or chemical resistance to etching depends on crystal symmetry and orientation, the presence of texture imparts
directional properties to the polycrystalline material.
A major issue of mathematical texture analysis is the resolution of the inverse problem to determine a reasonable orientation
density function on SO(3) from measured pole intensities on
, which relates to the inverse of the totally geodesic Radon transform. This communication introduces a wavelet approach into
mathematical texture analysis. Wavelets on the two-dimensional sphere
and on the rotational group SO(3) are discussed, and an algorithms for a wavelet decomposition on both domains following the
ideas of Ta-Hsin Li is given. The relationship of these wavelets on both domains with respect to the totally geodesic Radon
transform is investigated. In particular, it is shown that the Radon transform of these wavelets on SO(3) are again wavelets
on
. A novel algorithm for the inversion of experimental pole intensities to an orientation density function based on this relationship
is developed. 相似文献
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Stochastic Structural Modeling 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Lars Holden Petter Mostad Bjørn Fredrik Nielsen Jon Gjerde Chris Townsend Signe Ottesen 《Mathematical Geology》2003,35(8):899-914
A consistent stochastic model for faults and horizons is described. The faults are represented as a parametric invertible deformation operator. The faults may truncate each other. The horizons are modeled as correlated Gaussian fields and are represented in a grid. Petrophysical variables may be modeled in a reservoir before faulting in order to describe the juxtaposition effect of the faulting. It is possible to condition the realization on petrophysics, horizons, and fault plane observations in wells in addition to seismic data. The transmissibility in the fault plane may also be included in the model. Four different methods to integrate the fault and horizon models in a common model is described. The method is illustrated on an example from a real petroleum field with 18 interpreted faults that are handled stochastically. 相似文献
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ADINA软件是基于有限元技术的大型通用分析仿真平台,尤其针对结构非线性、流固耦合等复杂问题的求解具有强大优势,广泛应用于各个工业领域的工程仿真计算以及科学研究等各个领域。在机械领域的研究表明,有限元分析建模中的特征技术,对实现设计和有限元分析的紧密耦合,提高产品设计的质量、效率及自动化程度具有重要的意义。通过对几种种特征建模类型的分析和阐述,指出了ADINA建模技术的局限性,为其在各领域的应用提供参考。 相似文献
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三维构造建模是三维地质建模的核心内容,主要揭示地质构造的几何形态和拓扑关系.三维地质建模在许多地质领域发挥着越来越重要的作用,对三维构造建模技术提出了更高的要求,使其能解决更加复杂的地质问题,能够更精细地刻画地质构造.从三维构造建模的应用需求入手,回顾了领域现状,系统阐述了三维构造建模的基本要素、地质规则及构造模型表达方法,以促进三维构造建模理论向完善化发展.同时分析了传统三维构造建模流程中的难点,指出了需要解决的关键技术,并对当前常用三维构造建模方法的优缺点进行剖析,对其今后的发展趋势和方向进行了预测. 相似文献
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在总结结构性土压缩特点的基础上,以岩土破损力学理论中的弹塑性元（软弱带）为参照状态,通过引入一个可以表征土体结构影响的结构状态参数 ,建立了结构性土压缩曲线的数学表达式。通过结构性土的单轴压缩试验和等向压缩试验,验证了建议的模型可以较好地模拟结构性土的压缩变形特性。由于建议的表达式可以反映结构性土的压缩曲线在 - 坐标中的非线性,对于结构性土的沉降计算有一定的理论意义。 相似文献
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Multifractal Modeling and Lacunarity Analysis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Qiuming Cheng 《Mathematical Geology》1997,29(7):919-932
The so-called gliding box method of lacunarity analysis has been investigated for implementing multifractal modeling in comparison with the ordinary box-counting method. Newly derived results show that the lacunarity index is associated with the dimension (codimension) of fractal, multifractal and some types of nonfractals in power-law relations involving box size; the exponent of the lacunarity function corresponds to the fractal codimension (E – D) for fractals and nonfractals, and to the correlation codimension (E – lpar;2)) for multifractals. These results are illustrated with two case studies: De Wijs's zinc concentration values from the Pulacayo sphalerite-quartz vein in Bolivia and Cochran's tree seedlings example. Both yield low lacunarities and slightly depart from translational invariance. 相似文献
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Transient models are needed to analyze time-dependent problems like hyperfiltration associated with head differences across clay barriers. Hyperfiltration (solute-sieving) effects create an increased concentration of natural groundwater solutes outside the clay barrier due to the inward head gradient. The purpose of our model is to predict solute buildup and distribution during hyperfiltration providing a basis for time analysis of solute migration. Required input parameters for the model include membrane properties like reflection coefficient, hydraulic conductivity, and solute concentration on the high-pressure side of the membrane before the onset of steady state, solution flux, and the effluent concentration. Model verification is based on published experimental results. The transient hyperfiltration model presented herein may prove useful in elucidating clay membrane (hyperfiltration) effects in the subsurface, however the sole purpose of this paper is to develop a transient model of hyperfiltration effects and test it by using published experimental data. 相似文献
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Modeling of rainfall-triggered shallow landslide 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
By integrating hydrological modeling with the infinite slope stability analysis, a rainfall-triggered shallow landslide model was developed by Iverson (Water Resour Res 36:1897-1910, 2000). In Iverson’s model, the infiltration capacity is assumed to be equivalent to the saturated hydraulic conductivity for finding pressure heads analytically. However, for general infiltration process, the infiltration capacity should vary with time during the period of rain, and the infiltration rate is significantly related to the variable infiltration capacity. To avoid the unrealistically high pressure heads, Iverson employed the beta-line correction by specifying that the simulated pressure heads cannot exceed those given by the beta line. In this study, the suitability of constant infiltration capacity together with the beta-line correction for hydrological modeling and landslide modeling of hillslope subjected to a rainfall is examined. By amending the boundary condition at ground surface of hillslope in Iverson’s model, the modified Iverson’s model with considering general infiltration process is developed to conduct this examination. The results show that the unrealistically high pressure heads from Iverson’s model occur due to the overestimation of infiltration rate induced from the assumption that the infiltration capacity is identical to the saturated hydraulic conductivity. Considering with the general infiltration process, the modified Iverson’s model gives acceptable results. In addition, even though the beta-line correction is applied, the Iverson’s model still produces greater simulated pressure heads and overestimates soil failure potential as compared with the modified Iverson’s model. Therefore, for assessing rainfall-triggered shallow landslide, the use of constant infiltration capacity together with the beta-line correction needs to be replaced by the consideration of general infiltration process. 相似文献
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陆地生态系统模型比较研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陆地生态系统作为地球表层复杂系统中重要一环是全球碳氮循环研究的核心内容之一，在陆地生态系统研究中模型作为一种必不可少的手段备受关注。近年来，国际上发展了多种基于不同原理和目标的模型，其模拟结果也不尽相同。为了对这些模型进行比较研究，国际上开展了多个模型比较研究计划。本在筒述各种模型比较计划的基础上；阐述了目前国际上一些比较成功的模型的研究进展；指出模型的进一步发展必须建立在对生态系统各个组成要素、生态过程及其对气候变化的响应与反馈机制研究的基础之上。耦合大气、岩石圈、生物圈从机理上模拟碳氮动态，同时在进行区域或全球尺度评价时引入遥感、地理信息系统等手段，将是未来模型发展的趋势。 相似文献
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Towards Stochastic Time-Varying Geological Modeling 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Guillaume Caumon 《Mathematical Geosciences》2010,42(5):555-569
The modeling of subsurface geometry and properties is a key element to understand Earth processes and manage natural hazards
and resources. In this paper, we suggest this field should evolve beyond pure data fitting approaches by integrating geological
concepts to constrain interpretations or test their consistency. This process necessarily calls for adding the time dimension
to 3D modeling, both at the geological and human time scales. Also, instead of striving for one single best model, it is appropriate
to generate several possible subsurface models in order to convey a quantitative sense of uncertainty. Depending on the modeling
objective (e.g., quantification of natural resources, production forecast), this population of models can be ranked. Inverse
theory then provides a framework to validate (or rather invalidate) models which are not compatible with certain types of
observations. We review recent methods to better achieve both stochastic and time-varying geomodeling and advocate that the
application of inversion should rely not only on random field models, but also on geological concepts and parameters. 相似文献
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从精细油藏描述中地质建模的意义和现状入手,介绍了多点地质统计学建模研究现状及其与传统地质建模方法的差
异。以辽河盆地西部凹陷某蒸汽驱试验区为例,分析了多点地质统计学建模中建模的基础、训练图像的建立、多点地质统计学
建模与传统地质建模相比所具有的优势等内容。指出多点地质统计学在井间预测方面具有明显优于其他传统建模方法的特
点。在文献调研基础上,结合自身工作实践,探讨了多点地质统计学建模目前存在的问题和未来的发展方向。指出未来多点
地质统计学建模的发展方向主要包括多信息综合地质成因分析基础上的训练图像获取、多点地质统计学算法进行改进和完善
和多点地质统计学建模方法应用领域的扩大等。 相似文献
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A good prediction of solid waste landfill settlement is important for landfill design and rehabilitation. A one-dimensional model which accounts for mechanical settlement and biodegradation processes is developed to simulate the settlement behavior of municipal solid waste landfill. The derivation of analytical solutions for specific conditions is introduced. The numerical approach, capable of coping with more general conditions, is also presented to estimate the spatial and temporal distribution of landfill settlement. The proposed model can simulate typical features of short- and long-term landfill settlement behaviors. With proper selection of parameter values, field measurements are well simulated by this model. The effects of some design parameters on the settlement behavior of municipal solid waste landfills are also examined with the help of this model. 相似文献