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在螺杆钻受控定向钻探施工中，造斜工具安装角的理论值与实际值是否相符，直接关系到造斜钻进的成败。安装角的理论值是由计算得出的安装角和反扭转角确定的。目前野外队采用螺杆钻施工受控定向孔，反扭转角值一般是借鉴已施工螺杆定向钻孔矿区的经验数据给出。但由于各矿区地层情况、钻孔结构等不同，首次使用时，由于矿区反扭转角值与一般规律值不同而出现造斜失误。因此我队在虎家尖银金矿区强造斜地层造斜钻进实践中，应用小孔段反运算确定安装角的方法，在ZK1805孔获得成功。实践证明，此法在螺杆钻受控定向钻探中的应用，能解决矿区受控定 相似文献
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对陕西凤太矿田易斜地层在钻孔施工中出现的钻孔弯曲问题进行了分析研究，结合以往的施工经验，采取了钻孔的方位、倾角提前预偏，自制简易钻塔、以较小的钻孔倾角开孔、螺杆钻定向、修弯钻铤等防斜治斜措施，取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
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南岭科学钻探NLSD-1孔位于赣南地区、武夷北东向构造带和南岭东西向构造带的交汇位置,钻遇岩层层理、板理、构造裂隙及劈理发育,钻孔内软硬互层、破碎带频繁出现,多处岩浆岩侵入,地质因素造成钻孔自然弯曲严重。为保证钻孔垂直度,采用了绳索取心式液动锤钻进、塔式绳索取心钻具钻进,以预防钻孔偏斜。遇强促斜地层,钻孔防斜技术工艺无法控制孔斜时,则采用定向钻进技术进行钻孔纠斜及侧钻,以达到人工干预钻孔轨迹的目的。经分析和研究,所采用的钻孔防斜和纠斜技术在深孔复杂、强促斜地层具有显著的防斜保直效果。 相似文献
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简述了四川省珙县筠连矿区大雪山矿段（东段）煤矿普查工程的概况、项目由来及定向孔设计。重点介绍了钻探施工定向钻进的技术路线、方案及技术要点,有线随钻定向钻进效果、经济效益、取得的成果。主要工作包括：配套XY-2000型立轴式液压钻机、BW-320/10型泥浆泵、HC绳索取心钻杆;采用ADST测斜仪,通缆水笼头有线随钻测量定向,螺杆马达孔底动力钻具造斜施工受控定向钻孔。在2个1000 m以深的钻孔中,共造斜29回次,总进尺7378 m。钻孔轨迹基本受控,达到了地质目的。施工中,探索了定向钻进螺杆钻具弯接头的角度选择、适宜绳索钻杆钻进的弯曲强度等问题。 相似文献
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我队虎家尖矿区矿体产状近似直立，主要为变质岩造斜地层。以往一直采用初级定向钻孔施工，钻进中应用常规的防、治斜措施，效果甚微，无法达到地质设计目的，为我队钻探技术上的一大难题。1988年引进了螺杆钻受控定向钻探技术治理孔斜，至今挽救了已报废或濒临报废的7个钻孔，获得了良好的效果，现介绍如下。 相似文献
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充填钻孔是一种高精度垂直孔,地层促斜、钻孔自然弯曲率较大时,常规钻进方法难以控制钻孔轨迹。在施工中应用定向钻进及随钻测量技术,则可以对钻孔实施全程轨迹监控,使其按照设计轨迹延伸。主要介绍了广西华锡集团股份有限公司铜坑矿将充填站充填孔施工中定向钻进设计、随钻测量、纠斜、侧钻等技术及工艺等。 相似文献
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螺杆定向钻进技术在ZK1920孔中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在原有的钻孔中试验使用螺杆定向钻进技术,通过对设备、机具选用,定向及造斜技术试验等方面探讨了这一技术的应用,达到了预期的地质目的,为定向钻进技术的推广应用作了有益的尝试。 相似文献
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CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。 相似文献
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Takeshi Nose Dr. 《GeoJournal》1985,10(3):261-276
Conclusions During the last ten years, aquaculture, especially mariculture has undergone remarkable expansion to counter-balance the gap between the supply and demand of fishery products in Japan. Its expansion has also been supported by the traditional preference of the Japanese people for seafood. Mariculture is now being forced to change its structure due to adverse economic circumstances such as the rise in the cost of energy, feeds and other materials for culture, low market prices, deterioration of environmental conditions, and many other factors. Before these constraints can be resolved, advanced scientific knowledge and technologies must be integrated to develop new types of aquaculture. Expansion of maricultural activities to more open-sea and off shore areas would be one route to follow. Technologies for the development of formulated diets not only for young but also for adults and larvae, establishment of feeding standards, prevention of epizootic diseases must support the establishment of modern aquaculture.The culture-based fisheries, or marine ranching, is becoming a subject for further development in Japan. Much research work has been conducted with a great degree of governmental support. Establishment of a net work of seedstock production farms has made it possible to carry out releasing experiments on a large scale. A newly integrated restoration system could be developed on the basis of these experiments, even though the profits resulting from the artificial restoration of stocks is not thouroughly verified at present. The commencement of a national scheme for culture-based fisheries would be a manifestation of the enthusiasm of the Japanese fish industry. 相似文献
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Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
David N. Petley Gareth J. Hearn Andrew Hart Nicholas J. Rosser Stuart A. Dunning Katie Oven Wishart A. Mitchell 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(1):23-44
Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates.
In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers
of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing
with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the
increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005.
The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that
the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide
fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the
relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of
precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased
dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the
effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward
trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and
natural systems. 相似文献
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Julie Okpala 《GeoJournal》1990,20(1):37-43
This paper traces the development of geographic education in Nigeria and examines the views of geographers, other academics,
students and the public at large about the importance of geography. Geography's value is immense despite the non-professional
nature of the discipline. Nevertheless, there is a need to define geography's status and ensure career prospects for students.
The Nigerian Geographical Association (from classroom teaachers to top geographers) must promote geography, improve its status
in schools and universities, and continuously restructure its content and methods to address pertinent social needs. 相似文献
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2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。 相似文献
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硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态,对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低,本次主要针对国内外地下水（地热水）中硫代砷的存在形态,水文—生物—环境地球化学过程,样品保存,定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下:pH, 氧化还原电位,硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附,吸附性普遍弱于（亚）砷酸盐,因此,地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤,速冻,厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程,以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测,紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷,由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性,室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程,因此,野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间,值得进一步探索。 相似文献
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内蒙古苏尼特地下水氟污染形成机理研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
为了研究内蒙古苏尼特地区地下水氟污染机理,本文运用水文地球化学分类方法,从水文地质、水化学特征两方面研究其地下水的水质特征、氟的起源、分布规律及污染形成机理。研究结果发现:高氟地下水的主要水质类型为HCO3—Na型,pH值在7.08～9.38之间,氟浓度与井深有关,即井越浅,氟浓度越高;地下水中氟浓度最高达14.78mg/L,5～9月地下水氟浓度相对增长率在7.8～23.1之间;F-浓度与Li+、Br-相关系数达0.89和0.82,受断层影响的深层地下水中F-浓度几乎与Li+、Br-没有相关关系,这暗示着氟来源于浅部,并受到强烈的蒸发作用影响而使水中的氟浓缩;地质调查发现该地区还有数个萤石矿存在,显微镜分析结果证实表层土壤中普遍存在CaF2,地下水中的氟来自CaF2。高氟地下水存在于潜水层,深部含水层的地下水可供开采。从断层带涌出的水对潜水层有稀释作用。 相似文献
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Radon is a radioactive gas emanating naturally from uranium rich granites and shales. It may be emitted from the ground surface into the atmosphere as a gas, or it may be dissolved into stream water and transported over distance. The levels of radon gas in soils at ground surface depend on a number of factors relating to the source of the gas and to its transmission. Igneous rocks contain the highest mean concentrations of radium and uranium. The depth of cover is relevant also. Surveys over the years by the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) and others have indicated that the highest concentrations in the United Kingdom occur in Cornwall, Devon and northeast Scotland. However, recent reports have indicated that high concentrations of the gas may be detected in small pockets in counties outside of those considered at high risk. This survey relates to a series of measurements taken in and around Darlington, County Durham. The results showed the presence of small areas with strong concentrations of radon in soil gas, but only minor levels of dissolved gas in stream waters. 相似文献