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1.
与柴北缘和北祁连相比,南祁连研究程度偏低,对其各个阶段的构造演化缺少精确时限。对分布于南祁连党河南山中段的科克巴斯陶玄武岩进行了岩石地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学研究,定年结果显示,该玄武岩成岩年龄为713±4.6Ma,为新元古代震旦纪。岩石地球化学分析表明,科克巴斯陶玄武岩SiO2含量为45.08%~49.81%,MgO为4.37%~6.67%,Na2O为2.95%~3.71%,K2O为0.28%~1.92%,TiO2为1.40%~2.01%,与拉斑玄武岩平均值相似。Nb/Y-SiO2图解显示科克巴斯陶玄武岩属亚碱性系列拉斑玄武岩。其ΣREE为(75.47~124.00)×10^-6,LREE/HREE为4.2~6.19。(La/Yb)N为3.67~6.18,(La/Sm)N为1.83~2.64,球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线图呈轻稀土明显富集的右倾型。原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图上,岩石以富集Sr、K、Rb、Ba为特征。岩石地球化学特征显示科克巴斯陶玄武岩岩浆为具OIB性质的地幔源区,其形成于板内洋岛构造环境。结合区域地层对比及锆石测年成果,将原划定的志留系巴龙贡嘎尔组进行了重新解体,由南至北,分别为志留系巴龙贡嘎尔组变砂岩段、新元古界震旦系天峻组火山岩段和中新元古界拐杖山组片岩段。  相似文献   

2.
白银厂矿田玄武岩地球化学特征及其形成地质环境   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
白银厂矿田玄武岩主要由玄武岩和碱性玄武岩组成 ,其中玄武岩属于钙碱性系列和拉斑系列 ,碱性玄武岩属于钾质碱性玄武岩系列和钠质碱性玄武岩系列。相对于N -MORB ,本区钙碱性系列和拉斑系列玄武岩明显富集Ba、Rb、Th、U ,而亏损Ti;碱性系列玄武岩高度富集K、Ba、Rb、Th、U ,而Ti、Zr、Ce相对亏损 ,表明该区玄武岩的形成与板块俯冲作用有关。钙碱性玄武岩系列和拉斑玄武岩系列玄武岩具有低的REE含量和亏损的LREE配分型式 ,表明它是由LREE亏损和HREE略有富集的地幔部分熔融形成 ;碱性系列玄武岩的REE含量和 (La/Yb) N 比值高 ,LREE和HREE的分馏程度较高 ,表明其形成于演化的岩浆 ,可能来自于富集LREE的地幔源区或地幔橄榄岩较低程度的熔融。痕量元素地球化学特征表明 ,本区玄武岩应是与板块俯冲作用有关的地幔部分熔融形成 ,成岩环境为火山弧环境 ,是岛弧向成熟岛弧转化过程中的产物。  相似文献   

3.
大兴安岭北段根河地区早石炭世发育一套细碎屑岩及海相中-基性火山岩石组合,归属为莫尔根河组.其中基性火山岩为细碧岩、变玄武岩,岩石富Na2 O、K2O、TiO2,w(Fe2 O3)/w(FeO)=0.8(平均),属碱性系列.LREE富集,Eu无异常.Ti、Y、Yb略低于MORB外,其它元素高于MORB,具大洋板内玄武岩特征.w(87Sr)/w(86Sr)初始值为0.704 3,εNd(t)=3.00,表明岩浆源于富集地幔.本区莫尔根河组基性火山岩石形成的构造环境为地幔柱成因的夏威夷型洋岛环境.  相似文献   

4.
葛文春  林强 《岩石学报》1999,15(3):396-407
大兴安岭中生代玄武岩类由北区碱性系列岩石和南区亚碱性系列岩石组成, 主要活动时期为晚侏罗世至早白垩世, 在时间、空间上显示大体呈北北东向展布的环状 “热向斜构造”。北区碱性系列岩石高度富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素, 其丰度类似于板内碱性玄武岩, 但明显亏损高场强元素这一特点又类似于火山弧钙碱性玄武岩。南区亚碱性系列岩石强烈亏损高场强元素的特征类似于火山弧钙碱性玄武岩, 但轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素富集程度又类似于洋中脊拉斑玄武岩和岛弧拉斑玄武岩。显然, 大兴安岭中生代玄武岩系列显示地球化学双重性, 也就是既有板内特征又有火山弧特征, 既有富集特征又有亏损特征。这种地球化学双重性表明, 大兴安岭地区存在若干不同性质的地幔源： 富集性的、亏损性的、过渡性的地幔源。解释一个地区存在多元地幔源区模式的最佳方案是地幔柱。这种包含富集成分和亏损成分的地幔柱源区的形成是与古生代地质时期古亚洲域闭合过程中俯冲洋壳与亏损地幔相互作用的动力学、地球化学过程有关。  相似文献   

5.
详细的地球化学解析表明,乌木龙—铜厂街地区出露的蛇绿混杂岩主要包括方辉橄榄岩、纯橄榄岩和碱性玄武岩。其中,方辉橄榄岩和纯橄榄岩具有极低的CaO含量(<0.1%)、稀土总量(<5×10-6)和(La/Yb)N(0.96～1.14)值,(Ce/Yb)N为1.04～1.37,为轻稀土弱亏损型。本区碱性玄武岩具有高TiO2(2.57%～3.33%)、高K2O(2.29%～5.52%)的显著特征,(La/Yb)N为15.42～19.81,(Ce/Yb)N为12.48～14.76,为轻稀土强烈富集型;岩石Ti/V、Th/Ta、Th/Yb、Ti/Yb、Ta/Yb与来自亏损地幔的MORB以及与俯冲有关的岛弧火山岩明显不同,而主要显示为OIB型火山岩的微量元素地球化学特征,乃是典型的大洋板块内部岩浆作用的产物。该区洋岛型火山岩的厘定,表明昌宁—孟连古洋盆在石炭—二叠纪期间曾经历过一个由初始洋盆到成熟洋盆的完整发育演化过程。  相似文献   

6.
广西涠洲岛晚新生代玄武岩地幔源区及岩浆成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
杨文健  于红梅  赵波  陈正全  白翔 《岩石学报》2020,36(7):2092-2110
涠洲岛作为我国最年轻的第四纪火山岩岛,其火山活动表现出多期、多旋回和多喷发中心的特征,但其地幔源区特征和岩浆成因依然存在争议。本文对涠洲岛玄武岩开展了详细的矿物学和全岩主、微量元素及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素研究,以揭示其地幔源区特征和岩浆成因。涠洲岛玄武岩主要为碱性玄武岩,在岩浆上升过程,几乎未受到地壳物质的混染,经历了橄榄石和单斜辉石的分离结晶作用。轻稀土(LREE)富集、重稀土(HREE)亏损,轻、重稀土强烈分馏((La/Yb)N=14.42～28.64),Nb、Ta明显正异常,显示出与洋岛玄武岩(OIB)相似的微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素比值变化较均一,且呈现出亏损地幔端元(DM)与富集地幔端元(EM2)的二元混合趋势。其中,EM2端元可能源于海南地幔柱。Sr/Sr*(1.21～2.36)和Eu/Eu*(1.01～1.11)正异常,指示源区存在再循环辉长岩洋壳组分。结合已有的地震层析成像结果和岩石地球化学数据,得出南海及周缘地区的晚新生代玄武岩的形成受控于海南地幔柱。伴随着海南地幔柱的上升,再循环的辉长岩洋壳经部分熔融与地幔橄榄岩反应生成石榴石辉石岩(贫硅辉石岩),石榴石辉石岩和未反应的地幔橄榄岩混合部分熔融形成涠洲岛玄武岩。  相似文献   

7.
峨眉山火成岩省东部盐津地区玄武岩的岩石地球化学分析结果表明,盐津玄武岩w(SiO2)为47.97%~52.33%,w(Na2O+K2O)为3.35%~6.57%,Ti/Y值为496.29~567.80,w(TiO2)为3.60%~4.14%,属于钙碱性高钛玄武岩(HT)。岩石LREE/HREE值为7.34~7.88,轻稀土元素富集,分馏程度高,总体亏损Ba,K,Sr,P。高场强元素Nb/U比值为26.39,Ce/Y-Sm/Y和Th/Nb-Ce/Nb等比值均呈明显正相关系,表明盐津地区峨眉山玄武岩受到了明显地壳混染作用。Nb-Nb/Y和La-La/Sm图解中样品投点呈倾斜直线,表明盐津玄武岩岩浆受分离结晶作用影响较弱,δEu值为0.86~0.93,CaO/Al2O3与Mg#无明显相关关系,以及镜下观察均表明仅有少量斜长石、单斜辉石的分离结晶。盐津玄武岩与盐源和越西等地高钛玄武岩地球化学特征相似,具地幔柱成因特征,岩浆可能起源于富集地幔。分配系数相近的强不相容元素Ce/Sm比值为25.50,La/Yb-Sm/Yb图解中样品靠近石榴石尖晶石二辉橄榄岩区域,表明岩浆源区为石榴石尖晶石二辉橄榄岩。  相似文献   

8.
在青藏高原腹地,二叠纪火山岩分布于唐古拉山东段,古地理上位于北羌塘盆地东缘。对唐古拉山东段莫云地区中二叠世栖霞期尕笛考组火山岩的主量元素、微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素进行了分析。岩相学和地球化学指标显示二叠纪火山岩为玄武岩,该套岩石低SiO2、MgO、K2O和Mg#值(0.39～0.48),富Na2O、TFeO、TiO2、P2O5含量,富集LREE和高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、P、Ti),(La/Yb)N=14.89～23.23,(Gd/Yb)N=2.30～3.58,Eu异常不明显(δEu=0.76～0.99),具有明显的Th正异常和K、Sr负异常,显示与板内碱性玄武岩相似的地球化学特征;同位素组成以低(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.7033～0.7039)、高εNd(t)(+4.2,t=271Ma)为特点,反映岩浆源区既有亏损地幔源(DMM)又有富集地幔源(EMⅠ)的双重属性。岩浆起源可能与地幔柱诱导的软流圈上涌导致含石榴子石橄榄岩的岩石圈地幔部分熔融有关。莫云玄武岩形成于板内伸展环境(初始裂谷),具有主动裂谷作用性质。  相似文献   

9.
对青藏高原羌塘地块中部双湖地区发育的二叠系碱性系列和拉斑系列玄武岩进行了详细的地球化学研究。碱性系列玄武岩富集LILE和LREE,其La/Nb比值和OIB相近,Ti/V比值明显高于典型MORB,在微量元素构造环境判别图解上位于OIB区域。拉斑系列玄武岩具有相对平坦的稀土元素配分模式,和典型MORB相比,其Ti/V比值也明显偏高,在微量元素构造环境判别图解上位于MORB和OIB重合的区域,表明岩石起源于一个低度富集的地幔源区。结合区域地质背景,认为双湖二叠系拉斑系列-碱性系列玄武岩组合可能形成于陆间裂谷到小洋盆环境,这套玄武岩的产出可能代表古特提斯洋沿龙木错—双湖构造带在不同地区的发育程度不同,双湖地区在二叠纪应为一个陆间裂谷到小洋盆环境。  相似文献   

10.
卡拉麦里钾质火山岩位于准噶尔盆地的东北缘下石炭统巴塔玛依内山组内。这些火山岩以粗面玄武岩和玄武质粗面安山岩为主,SiO2含量稳定(46.29%～51.56%),具有较高的碱含量(K2O+Na2O=5.39%～6.96%)以及高K2O/Na2O比值(K2O/Na2O=0.5～1.4),TiO2含量相对稳定(0.94%～1.21%),显示钾玄质岩石特征。岩石地球化学表明,钾玄岩强烈富集LILE(如K、Rb和Sr)和LREE((La/Yb)N=4.39～6.25),Eu正异常明显(δEu=1.3～1.7),相对亏损HFSE(如Zr、Hf),Ta、Nb和Ti呈明显的"TNT"负异常,及较高Ba/Nb和Ba/Ta比值(分别为38～93,574～1470),显示典型岛弧岩浆特征,而Nd-Sr同位素显示亏损地幔源区特征。不相容元素(Nb/La)N和Ba/La比值(分别为0.33～0.41,11.07～18.82)以及高Nb含量(4.45×10-6～7.76×10-6),表明这些岩石来自一个交代作用富集的地幔源区。通过钾质火山岩环境的梯次判别图研究,发现巴塔玛依内山组钾玄岩形成于后碰撞环境,显示岛弧的岩石地球化学特征。在后碰撞期,由于陆内调整和均衡作用,东准噶尔东北缘的岩石圈伸展减薄,随着岩石圈地幔的减薄,前期交代富集的下部地幔楔(金云母和/或钾质角闪石-尖晶石相二辉橄榄岩)发生低度部分熔融形成钾玄质母岩浆,诱发了后碰撞型钾玄质岩浆活动(具有弧火山岩岩石地球化学特征),形成了卡拉麦里巴塔玛依内山组钾质玄武岩。  相似文献   

11.
Mineralogy,geochemistry and petrogenesis of Kurile island-arc basalts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Whole-rock (major- and trace-element) and mineral chemical data are presented for basaltic rocks from the main evolutionary stages of the Kurile island arc, NW Pacific. An outer, inactive arc contains a Cretaceous-Lower Tertiary sequence of tholeiitic, calcalkaline and shoshonitic basalts. The main arc (Miocene-Quaternary) is dominated by weakly tholeiitic, with lesser, alkalic basalts. The mineralogy of Kuriles basalts is characterised by An-rich plagioclases, a continuous transition from chromites to titanomagnetites, pyroxenes with low Fe3+ contents and without strong Fe-enrichment, abundance of groundmass pigeonites and the absence of amphiboles. There is an increase in K2O contents both along-arc (northwards) and towards the reararc side. The basalts show an exceptionally wide but continuous range of K2O contents (0.1–4.7%) which correlate with other LIL element contents. Tholeiitic basalts with low LIL element contents, La/Yb and Th/U, but high K/ Rb, P2O5/La and Zr/Nb were derived from depleted, lherzolitic mantle which had suffered fluid metasomatism by K, Rb, Cs, Sr, Ba, Pb and H2O only. Alkali basalts are also thought to be derived from depleted mantle but melt metasomatism involved addition of all LIL elements to a garnet lherzolite mantle. The Kuriles basalts and their mantle sources range continuously between these two end-member compositions. The metasomatic fluids/melts were probably released by early dehydration and later melting within subducted oceanic lithosphere though the process is not adequately constrained.  相似文献   

12.
Various enriched recycled oceanic components in the source of Cenozoic intra-plate alkaline basalts from eastern China were identified by previous studies. Due to the existence of a stagnant subducted Pacific slab in the mantle transition zone beneath eastern China, it is logical to connect the stagnant slab to the recycled oceanic materials. However, the recycled oceanic materials could also result from ancient subduction events (e.g., Paleo-Tethyan, Paleo-Asian or Izanagi plate subduction) because enriched geochemical signatures of a recycled slab can be preserved in the mantle for longer than 1 Gyr. Investigating the temporal variations of the recycled oceanic materials in the mantle source is a useful way to trace the origin of the basalts. In this article, we have conducted a detailed geochemical study, including major and trace elements and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes, on two alkaline basalt groups from Zhejiang, SE China, which erupted 26–17 Ma and after 11 Ma, respectively. In particular, we recovered the H2O content of the initial magmas based on the H2O content of the clinopyroxene (cpx) phenocrysts and the partition coefficients of H2O between cpx and basaltic melts. The H2O contents of the Zhejiang basalts range from 1.3 to 2.6 (wt.%), which fall within the range of back-arc basin or island arc basalts. The older basalts are more alkaline and have lower Si and Al contents; higher trace element concentrations; higher La/Yb, Ce/Pb and Nb/La ratios; lower H2O/Ce and Ba/Th ratios; and stronger negative K, Pb, Hf and Ti anomalies than the younger ones. The co-relationships between Ba/La, H2O/Ce, Nb/La, Ce/Pb and Ba/Th in the two groups of the Zhejiang basalts indicate that a recycled dehydrated oceanic alkaline basalt component is needed in the source of the older rocks, along with a depleted mantle component. Meanwhile, an additional recycled dehydrated sediment component was required in the source of the younger rocks. The temporal change in the recycled oceanic materials in the mantle sources of Zhejiang Cenozoic basalts demonstrates that the recycled components can only originate in the stagnant Pacific slab that is the only plate subducted since 100 Ma in this area.  相似文献   

13.
In this study, plagiogranites in the Diyanmiao ophiolite of the southeastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt(Altaids) were investigated for the first time. The plagiogranites are composed predominantly of albite and quartz, and occur as irregular intrusive veins in pillow basalts. The plagiogranites have high SiO_2(74.37–76.68 wt%) and low Al_2O_3(11.99–13.30 wt%), and intensively high Na_2O(4.52–5.49 wt%) and low K_2O(0.03–0.40 wt%) resulting in high Na_2O/K_2O ratios(11.3–183). These rocks are classified as part of the low-K tholeiitic series. The plagiogranites have low total rare earth element contents(∑REE)(23.62–39.77 ppm), small negative Eu anomalies(δEu=0.44–0.62), and flat to slightly LREE-depleted chondrite-normalized REE patterns((La/Yb)N=0.68–0.76), similar to N-MORB. The plagiogranites are also characterized by Th, U, Zr, and Hf enrichment, and Nb, P, and Ti depletion, have overall flat primitivemantle-normalized trace element patterns. Field and petrological observations and geochemical data suggest that the plagiogranites in the Diyanmiao ophiolite are similar to fractionation-type plagiogranites. Furthermore, the REE patterns of the plagiogranites are similar to those of the gabbros and pillow basalts in the ophiolite. In plots of SREE–SiO_2, La–SiO_2, and Yb–SiO_2, the plagiogranites, pillow basalts, and gabbros show trends typical of crystal fractionation. As such, the plagiogranites are oceanic in origin, formed by crystal fractionation from basaltic magmas derived from depleted mantle, and are part of the Diyanmiao ophiolite. LA–ICP–MS U–Pb dating of zircons from the plagiogranites yielded ages of 328.6±2.1 and 327.1±2.1 Ma, indicating an early Carboniferous age for the Diyanmiao ophiolite. These results provide petrological and geochronological evidence for the identification of the Erenhot–Hegenshan oceanic basin and Hegenshan suture of the Paleo-Asian Ocean.  相似文献   

14.
The Izmir-Ankara-Erzincan suture zone of Turkey is a broad zone of ophiolitic mélange containing numerous fragmented blocks ranging in age from Triassic to Cretaceous. Stratigraphic sequences for various mélange units are compared, together with the geochemistry of associated basaltic pillow lavas of Cretaceous age. A review of geochemical data for the pillow lavas demonstrate: (a) a dominant group of alkalic basalts with enriched incompatible elements, variable Zr/Y and Zr/Nb ratios, and (b) a range of tholeiitic basalts with slightly depleted to mildly enriched (normalized) rare earth patterns, (La/Yb)N 0.4-3.0, and generally low Zr/Y ratios. The alkalic basalts can be chemically matched to Pacific Ocean seamounts, although the close association of red radiolarites and cherts suggests that many basalts represent the margins of such structures, rather than the main seamount edifice. Nd-Sr isotope data are typical for ocean island basalts and represent an admixture of a dominant EM-1 source and a depleted MORB-like source. Enhanced δ18O compositions are a consequence of submarine alteration and not crustal contamination. Tholeiitic compositions have affinities with both N- and E-type MORB, although most are probably representative of tholeiitic ocean islands. Overall the basalts are mainly representative of structures built on the ocean floor, rather than the oceanic crust itself, being scraped off the subducting crust and preserved in the mélange of the accretionary wedge.  相似文献   

15.
The Karakaya Complex within the Early Mesozoic Cimmerian Orogeny in northern Turkey represents the remnants of the Palaeotethys. It includes slivers and/or mega-blocks of slightly metamorphic basic volcanic rocks associated with fossiliferous sediments as well as hypabyssal and intrusive rocks with basaltic-andesitic to ultramafic compositions. They display two distinct compositional groups; namely alkaline and variably tholeiitic. The alkaline basalt samples are more akin to oceanic-island basalts (OIB) with relatively enriched trace element characteristics together with strong partitioning in HREE ([La/Yb]N = 5.8–16.2), suggesting that garnet is present as a residual phase in the source of those basalts. The variably tholeiitic samples apart from diabases display E-MORB characteristics; being relatively depleted compared to the alkaline counterparts and less fractionated REE patterns ([La/Yb]N = 2.1–3.6). The diabases, on the other hand, are distinctively different with a significant negative Nb anomaly (Zr/Nb = 28.9–43.4) and flat REE patterns ([La/Yb]N = 0.8–1.4), suggesting their generation above a supra-subduction zone, probably a back-arc basin. These results may suggest that a mantle plume-related magmatism associated with extensional oceanic system should have been installed within Palaeotethys during Middle-Late Triassic time, which was then incorporated into subduction–accretion prism forming the final picture, that is, “the Karakaya Complex”.  相似文献   

16.
The volcanics from the Ninety East Ridge in the Indian Ocean consist of basalts and oceanic andesites. The basalts from the Ninety East Ridge differ from the Mid-Indian Oceanic Ridge basalts in their higher pyroxene content, their higher Fe2O3 + FeO content (>11%), higher TiO2 content (2–3%), and variable K2O content (0.2–1.5%). Volcanics from other aseismic ridges, i.e. the Cocos, the Iceland-Faeroe and the Walvis ridges, show a trend of differentiation which has progressed further than is commonly encountered on mid-oceanic ridge rocks. The Ninety East and the Iceland-Faeroe ridges contain mildly tholeiitic basalts and oceanic andesites while the Walvis and the Cocos Ridges consist of plagioclase-alkali basalts, trachybasalts and trachytes. The majority of basalts found on aseismic ridges have a higher total iron oxide content (>11%) and a more variable K2O (2–3%) and TiO2 (1.5–4%) content than mid-oceanic ridge basalts. The type of volcanism encountered on aseismic ridges is similar to that of the islands which are near or associated with the ridges.  相似文献   

17.
ABSTRACT

Large porphyry Cu-Au deposits are associated with Early Miocene intrusive rocks in Tethyan belt, discovered along Chagai magmatic arc in Western Pakistan, adjacent to Southeast Iran. Two types of rocks were discriminated as granodiorite and monzodiorite from Saindak area. The granodiorites are associated with regional large Cu-Au mineralization, while the monzodiorites are mostly ore-barren. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating yielded weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages of 22.16–24.2 Ma for granodiorites and ca. 22.6 Ma for a monzodiorite. These intrusive rocks in the Saindak area are all calc-alkaline rocks, with enriched LILEs and depleted HFSEs, and without Eu negative anomalies. The felsic granodiorites are characterized by high Sr contents and Sr/Y ratios, with intermediate to high (La/Yb)N ratios that identify them as typical high-silica adakites. In contrast, the basaltic-andesitic monzodiorites are just normal arc-related rocks, showing less fractionated REE patterns than the granodiorites, with systematically lower LREE and higher MREE and HREE. Low K2O/Na2O ratios and decoupled Sr/Y-(La/Yb)N ratios indicate the characteristics of slab-derived adakites for the granodiorites, most likely originated through partial melting of the subducted Neotethys oceanic crust beneath Eurasian continent followed by subsequent mantle interaction. The almost simultaneously melting of subcontinental lithospheric mantle induced by dehydration of Neotethys plate gave rise to the formation of the barren monzodiorites. These intrusive rocks in the Saindak area are characterized by similar Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes with high 87Sr/86Sri ratios, slightly negative εNd(t) values and radiogenic Pb isotopes, plotting in the field between the MORB and EM-II mantle endmembers or the Average Cadomian Lower Crust, suggesting subducting sediments or old continental crustal materials have contributed into the compositions of these rocks by source enrichment or crustal contamination. The slab-melting derived adakite is favourable for regional massive Cu-Au mineralization in the Saindak area.  相似文献   

18.
The oceanic island volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai zone, northern Thailand, are usually covered by Lower Carboniferous and Upper Permian shallow-water carbonate rocks, with the Hawaii rocks and potash trachybasalt being the main rock types. The alkaline series is dominant with sub-alkaline series occurring in few cases. The geochemical characteristics are described as follows: the major chemical compositions are characterized by high TiO2, high P2O5 and medium K2O; the rare-earth elements are characterized by right-inclined strong LREE-enrichment patterns; the trace element patterns are of the upward-bulging K-Ti enrichment type; multi-component plots falling within the fields of oceanic island basalts and alkali basalts, belonging to the oceanic island-type volcanic rocks, which are similar to the equivalents in Deqin and Gengma (the Changning-Menglian zone) of Yunnan Province, China.  相似文献   

19.
The mafic–ultramafic Fariman complex in northeastern Iran has been interpreted as a Paleo-Tethyan ophiolitic fragment with subduction- and plume-related characteristics as well as a basin deposit on an active continental margin. Contributing to this issue, we present geochemical, geochronological, and mineralogical data for transitional and tholeiitic basalts. Thermodynamic modeling suggests picritic parental magmas with 16–21 wt% MgO formed at plume-like mantle potential temperatures of ca. 1460–1600 °C. Rare pyroxene spinifex textures and skeletal to feather-like clinopyroxene attest to crystallization from undercooled magma and high cooling rates. Chromium numbers and TiO2 concentrations in spinel are similar to those in intraplate basalts. 40Ar–39Ar dating of magmatic hornblende yielded a plateau age of 276?±?4 Ma (2σ). Transitional basalt with OIB-like trace element characteristics is the predominant rock-type; less frequent are tholeiitic basalts with mildly LREE depleted patterns and picrites with intermediate trace element characteristics. All samples show MORB-OIB like Pb/Ce, Th/La, and Th/Nb ratios which preclude subduction-modified mantle sources and felsic crustal material. Tholeiitic basalts and related olivine cumulate rocks show MORB-like initial εNd values of +?9.4 to +?6.2 which define a mixing line with the data for the transitional basalts (εNd ca. +?2.6). Initial 187Os/188Os ratios of 0.124–0.293 support mixed sources with a high proportion of recycled mafic crust in the transitional basalts. High concentrations of highly siderophile elements are in agreement with the high mantle potential temperatures and inferred high-melting degrees. It is argued that the Fariman complex originated by melting of a mantle plume component as represented by the OIB-like transitional basalt and entrained asthenosphere predominant in the MORB-like tholeiites. Two lines of evidence such as association of the Fariman complex with pelagic to neritic sedimentary rocks and the tectonic position at the boundary of two continental blocks defined by ophiolites and accretionary complexes of different ages suggest formation in an oceanic domain. Thus, we interpret it as a fragment of an oceanic plateau, which escaped subduction and was accreted as exotic block in the Paleo-Tethyan suture zone.  相似文献   

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