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1.
天津蓟县剖面的中元古界雾迷山组是一套厚 3 3 0 0m的碳酸盐岩地层 ,其中广泛发育叠层石生物层及凝块石生物丘。这些生物层及生物丘与潮坪相白云岩和砂泥质白云岩一起构成具有近似对称相序组构的环潮坪型碳酸盐米级旋回层序 ,将其命名为“雾迷山旋回层”。这些旋回层常由泻湖相白云质泥页岩覆盖 ,在其顶常发育古土壤层 ,由此而表明雾迷山旋回层的界面多为瞬时暴露间断面。根据雾迷山旋回层在长周期三级层序中的有序叠加形式 ,可在雾迷山组中识别出 2 6个Ⅲ级层序 ,它们还可进一步归为 6个Ⅱ级层序。为了进一步研究三级海平面的变化幅度和Ⅲ级层序的大致形成时限 ,在露头发育良好的雾迷山组中上部共识别出 62 6个旋回层 ;考虑到雾迷山组的总体厚度 ( 3 3 0 0m)及其大致的总体形成时限 ( 10 3± 2 0Ma左右 ) ,可假定雾迷山组沉积期的总体地壳沉降速率为 2～ 4m/ 10万a。在上述假定的基础上 ,运用费希尔图解来估算三级海平面的变化幅度。 相似文献
2.
天津蓟县剖面的中元古界雾迷山组,是一套厚达3300m、形成时限近亿年(1310士20Ma～1207士10Ma)的碳酸盐岩地层.在该套地层中,具近似对称相序组构的环潮坪型碳酸盐岩米级旋回层序特别发育.其近似对称的相序组构,以及普遍的1:4叠加形态,表明它们与短偏心率旋回具有成因关联,被形象地命名为雾迷山旋回层,用来代表真正的碳酸盐沉积旋回.总的来讲,构成叠层石生物层及凝块石生物丘的厚层块状灰质白云岩及白云质灰岩组成旋回层之中部,其上和下则为潮坪相白云岩及砂泥质白云岩,旋回层之顶为具古土壤层帽的泻湖相白云质泥页岩,最终形成一个类似于生物礁相序的近对称相序组构.明显的加深和变浅单元,以及旋回层顶部的各种淡水成岩作用标志,表明雾迷山旋回层是与高频率海平面变化相关的环境加深及环境变浅过程的产物.马尔柯夫链分析的结果表明了雾迷山旋回层的基本相序模式的客观存在,由于它们以瞬时暴露间断面为界,因而与Vail等(1977)的层序地层概念体系中所定义的"准层序"存在明显的差异.尽管难以断定前寒武纪地球轨道效应旋回的周期完全与显生宙一致,但是,七级韵律层、六级旋回层及五级准层序组之间的垂直叠置形态,以及由它们所指示的周期时限,与显生宙温室效应时期的轨道效应旋回周期是大体一致的. 相似文献
3.
天津蓟县雾迷山旋回层基本模式及其马尔柯夫链分析 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
津蓟县的中元古界雾迷山组,是一套碳酸盐岩地层,具近似对称相序组构的环潮坪型碳酸盐米级旋回层序特别以育。其近似对称的相序组构及普遍的1：4叠加形态,表明它们与短偏心率旋回具有成因关联,被命名为雾迷山旋回层来代表真正的碳酸盐沉积旋回。雾迷山旋回层是与高频率产面变化相关的环境加深及环境变浅过程的产物。马尔柯夫链分析的结果表明了雾迷山旋回层的基本相序模式是客观存在的,由于它们以瞬时暴露间断面为界,因而与Vail等（1977）的层序地层概念体系中所定义的“准层序”存在明显的差异。尽管难以断定前寒武纪地球轨道效应旋回的周期安全与显生宙一致,但是,七级韵律层、六级旋回层及五级准层序组之间的垂直叠置形态,以及由它们所指示的周期时限,与显生宙温室效应时期的轨道效应旋回周期是大体一致的。 相似文献
4.
雾迷山旋回层的基本相序模式—兼论其马尔柯夫链分析及在长周期三级层序中的有序叠加形式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
天津蓟县剖面的中元古界雾迷山组是一套厚达3300m、形成时限近亿年(1310±20Ma,?1207±10Ma)的碳酸盐岩地层。在该套地层中,具近似对称相序组构的环潮坪型碳酸盐米级旋回层序特别发育。其近似对称的相序组构,以及普遍的1:4叠加形态,表明它们与短偏心率旋回具有成因关联,被形象地命名为雾迷山旋回层,用来代表真正的碳酸盐沉积旋回。总的来讲,构成叠层石生物层及凝块石生物丘的厚层块状灰质白云岩及白云质灰岩组成旋回层之中部,其上和下则为潮坪相白云岩及砂泥质白云岩,旋回层之顶为具古土壤层帽的泻湖相白云质泥页岩,最终形成一个类似于生物礁相序的近对称 相似文献
5.
华北地台在晚寒武世为一个较为典型的缓坡型台地。在其北部地层中,以发育风暴砾屑灰岩及生物丘灰岩闻名,包括崮山组、长山组和凤山组。在该套地层中,深缓坡相泥岩和泥灰岩与浅缓坡相颗粒灰岩和泥粒灰岩一起构成若干潮下型碳酸盐米级旋回,这些米级旋回本身即为有序的异成因岩相序列而成为基本工作单元。在长周期三级层序中。米级旋回形成有序垂直叠加形式,反映了三级层序本身是一个与三级相对海平面变化相关的、环境加深和变浅过程中所形成的沉积相序列根据这些特征,在华北地台北部晚寒武世地层中可识别出4个三级层序。从北向南,相变为一套白云岩,其中三级层序的高水位体系域则发育较多的潮坪相白云岩以及由其构成的环潮坪型米级旋回。这些层序的典型特征是：层序界面为淹没不整合面,层序的相序序列以“深缓坡相—浅缓坡相”为特征,从而构成特殊的“CS(?) HST”序列;而在华北地台南部,层序界面多为暴露间断面,层序的相序组构多以“缓坡相—潮坪相”为特征。从北向南的变化,形成了一个富有规律性的层序地层格架。从旋回到层序、从岩相序列到沉积相序列的层序地层研究表明：作为基本工作单元,米级旋回实际上是由“间断—加积作用”旋回机制所形成的岩相序列,由米级旋回的有序叠加形式所构成的三级层序则是一个沉积相序列。由各剖面点的古水深变化曲线,可以定性地综合出华北地台晚寒武世的海平面变化曲线。与北美晚寒武世海平面变化曲线相对比,既存在相似性更存在差异性,说明了长周期海平面变化既受全球性海平面变化的控制,同时也受区域因素的影响。 相似文献
6.
作为地层堆积作用的"间断—加积旋回"机制的产物,"米级旋回"的完整定义代表了旋回地层学进入地层学实践的主流,因为米级旋回的形成可以运用米兰柯维奇旋回得到合理的解释。作为特殊的环潮坪型碳酸盐米级旋回——"雾迷山旋回层",因其罕见的近似对称的相序组构可以替代"洛菲尔旋回层(Lofer cyclothem)",成为旋回性碳酸盐沉积作用的表征,从而进一步成为前寒武纪巨厚叠层石碳酸盐序列中地层结构的标志。因此,"雾迷山旋回层"不但作为碳酸盐米级旋回的特别实例,而且蕴含着较为明显的米兰柯维奇旋回属性,同时进一步说明了米级旋回可以成为层序地层学概念体系中欠完整性的"副层序"的替代物。 相似文献
7.
梅冥相 《沉积与特提斯地质》1995,(5):33-42
华北地台北缘亮甲山组地层中发育有六种碳酸盐米级旋四层序；ａ型和ｂ型属潮下型，其下部单元为钙质泥岩（ａ型）及薄层泥晶灰岩（ｂ型）．上部单元为颗粒泥晶灰岩（ａ与ｂ相同）；ｃ－ｆ型属环潮坪型，它们的上部单元均为薄层泥晶白云岩及泥质白云岩，其下部岩石单元：ｃ型为厚层及块状颗粒泥晶灰岩，ｄ型为局部白云石化颗粒泥晶灰岩，ｅ型为白云岩化颗粒泥晶灰岩，ｆ型为中厚层含少量颗粒的泥晶结晶白云岩。从ａ型到ｆ型正好构成一个米级旋回层序的环境变化谱系。根据米级旋回层序的有序垂直叠加形式，可以建立亮甲山组地层构成的复合海平面变化旋四层序：１个三级旋四层序包含３个四级旋四层序，１３－１５个五级旋四层序，６０余个左右的米级旋四层序．通过这项研究表明，在浅水地层中进行露头旋四层序研究时，米级旋回层序是基本工作单元，其有序垂直叠加形式是识别长周期旋四层序的关键． 相似文献
8.
9.
陈荣坤 《沉积与特提斯地质》1996,16(4):23-31
笔者在对华北地区中寒武统鲱滩碳酸盐建造露头层序地层学研究工作中首次识别出层序中最基本的地层单元－米级旋回层序，它是露头层序分析最基本的工作单元。本文总结概括出不同体系域内米级旋回层类型和特征。这些米级旋回层序在垂向上叠加构成高级旋回层序时表现出时期性和规律性。这种不同级次的旋回层序的形成受不同动力成因引起折具不同周期和复合海平面变化的控制。 相似文献
10.
华北地台在晚寒武世为一个较为典型的缓坡型台地,在其北部的地层中以发育风暴砾屑灰岩及生物丘灰岩著称,包括崮山组、长山组和风山组;在该套地层中,深缓坡相泥岩和泥灰岩、与浅缓坡相颗粒灰岩和泥粒灰岩一起构成若干潮下型碳酸盐米级旋回,这些米级旋回本身即为有序的异成因岩相序列而成为基本工作单元;在长周期三级层序中米级旋回形成有序垂直叠加形式,反映了三级层序本身是一个与三级相对海平面变化相关的环境加深和环境变浅过程所形成的沉积相序列。根据这些特征在华北地台北部晚寒武世地层中可识别出4个三级层序。从北向南,相变为一套白云岩; 相似文献
11.
MEI Mingxiang MA Yongsheng GUO Qingyin Institute of Earth Sciences Natural Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China Petrochemical Corporation 《《地质学报》英文版》2001,75(4):421-431
The Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation in the Jixian section of Tianjin is a succession of 3300-m-thick carbonate strata formed in a period of about 100 Ma (1310±20 Ma-1207±10 Ma). In this succession of strata, the carbonate metre-scale cyclic sequences belonging to peritidal type with an approximately symmetrical lithofacies-succession are best developed. The wide development of 1:4 stacking patterns shows that these metre-scale cyclic sequences are genetically related to the short-eccentricity cycles, which are called the Wumishan cyclothems that could truly represent sedimentary cycles. Generally, massive and thick-bedded calcareous dolomites and dolomitic limestones of stromatolite biostromes and thrombolite bioherms constitute the central part of the Wumishan cyclothems. The lower and upper parts consist of tidal flat dolostones, sandy-muddy dolostone and the top part is composed of lagoonal facies dolomitic shales with a paleosol cap. Therefore, an approximately symmetrical lithofacies-successio 相似文献
12.
Mei Mingxiang Faculty of Earth Sciences Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing Ma Yongsheng China Petrochemical Corporation 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2001,12(1)
INTRODUCTIONThe Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation in Jixian,Tianjin is a succession of 3 300 m thick carbonate strata (Fig.1) where stromatolite biostromes and thrombolite bioherms arebest developed. The formation period of Wumishan Formation,about 100 Ma ((310120) Ma, (l 2071 10) Ma. Wang et al.,1995), is categorized as the Ectasian period of the Mesoproterozoic. Varieties of stromatolites in Wumishan Formation,such as Pseudogymnosolen mopanyuense, Scyphus parous,Conophoton conse… 相似文献
13.
MEI Mingxiang MA Yongsheng DENG Jun CHEN Huijun Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics Lithoprobing Technology of the Education Ministry China University of Geosciences Beijing Department of Oil-Fields China Petrochemical Corporation Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(3):372-383
In the Late Cambrian, the North China Platform was a typical carbonate ramp platform. The Upper Cambrian of the northern part of the North China Platform is famous for the development of bioherm limestones and storm calcirudites and can be divided from bottom to top into the Gushan, Changshan and Fengshan formations. In this set of strata, the deep-ramp mudstone and marls and the shallow-ramp packstones and grainstones constitute many carbonate meter-scale cycles of subtidal type. More tidal-flat dolomites axe developed in the Upper Cambrian of the southern margin of the North China platform, in which limestone and dolomite beds also constitute many carbonate meter-scale cycles of the peritidal type. These cycles are marked by a variety of litho-facies successions. There are regularly vertical stacking patterns of meter-scale cycles in long-term third-order sequences, which is the key to discerning such sequences. Third-order sequence is marked by a particular sedimentary-facies succession that is the result of the environment-changing process of deepening and shoaling, which is genetically related to third-order sea level changes. Furthermore, four third-order sequences can be grouped in the Upper Cambrian of the North China Platform. The main features of these four third-order sequences in the northern part of the platform can be summarized as follows: firstly, sequence-boundaries are characterized by drowning unconformities; secondly, the sedimentary-facies succession is generally constituted by one from deep-ramp facies to shallow-ramp facies; thirdly, a succession of “CS (?) HST” (i.e., “condensed section and highstand system”) forms these four third-order sequences. The chief features for the third-order sequences in the southern part of the North China Platform comprises: more dolomites are developed in the HSTs of third-order sequences and also developed more carbonate meter-scale cycles of peritidal types; the sedimentary-facies succession of the third-order sequences is marked by “shallow ramp-tidal flat”; the sequence boundaries are characterized by exposure punctuated surfaces. According to the changes for the third-order sequences from the north to the south, a regular sequence-stratigraphic framework can be established. From cycles to sequences, the study of sequence stratigraphy from litho-facies successions to sedimentary-facies successions exposes that as follows: meter-scale cycles that are used as the basic working unit actually are litho-facies successions formed by the mechanism of a punctuated aggradational cycle, and third-order sequences that are constituted by regularly vertical stacking patterns of meter-scale cycles are marked by sedimentary-facies successions. On the basis of the changing curve of water depth at each section, the curve of the relative third-order sea level changes in the late Cambrian of the North China Platform can be integrated qualitatively from changing curve of water depth. The correlation of Late Cambrian long-term sea level changes between North China and North America demonstrates that there are not only similarities but also differences, reflecting control of long-term sea level changes both by global eustacy and by regional factors. 相似文献
14.
从陆相火山—沉积地层中火山岩层与沉积岩层互为楔状（指状）交互关系这一基本特征出发，提出岩石地层单位划分的新思路，并将冀北早白垩世地层划分为西瓜园组、化吉营组及其上覆的青石砬组。化吉营组是在西瓜园组沉积过程中，盆地内叠加了中—中基性及少量酸性—亚碱性火山岩所形成的，故两个组是同期异相的产物，在地层表上表现为并列关系。 相似文献
15.
The Araras Group is an extensive carbonate platform developed at the southeastern margin of the Amazon Craton during the Neoproterozoic. The Nobres Formation corresponds to the upper unit of the Neoproterozoic Araras Group. It is exposed in road cuts and quarries in the Northern Paraguay Belt, and is characterized by meter-scale shallowing upward cycles. Forty-four fourth-to fifth-order parasequence cycles are enclosed into three third order sequences/megacycles, unconformably overlain by siliciclastic deposits of the Alto Paraguay Group. The cycles are generally of peritidal type, limited by exposure surfaces composed of asymmetrical tidal flat/sabkha lithofacies in the basal Nobres Formation. They consist of fine dolostone, intraclastic dolostones with megaripples, stromatolites biostrome, sandy dolostone with enterolithic structures and silicified evaporite molds. Upsection, the cycles progressively become symmetrical, comprising arid tidal flat deposits with abundant stromatolite biostrome, fine-grained sandstone and rare evaporitic molds. The stacking patterns for hundreds of meters indicate continuous and recurrent generation of accommodation space, probably triggered by subsidence concomitant with relative sea-level changes. Palynomorphs found in the upper part of Nobres Formation comprehend spheroidal forms, such as Leiospharidia, rare filamentous and acanthomorphous acritarchs, mostly Tanarium correlated to the Ediacaran Complex Acantomorph Palynoflora of ∼580–570 Ma. Previous data of carbon isotopes and paleogeographic reconstructions, and also the presence of evaporites and storm-influenced deposits in the Araras Group, suggest a wet to tropical setting for Amazonia during the Mid-Ediacaran, which is incompatible with previous claims for Gaskiers-related glacial sedimentation in the region. During the final stages of evolution of the Araras carbonate platform, a progressive input of terrigenous has occurred in the peritidal setting likely due tectonic activity in the vicinity of the basin and the rapid uplift of source areas to the west and to the east of the basin preceding the progradation of the siliciclastic fluvial-coastal environments related to the Alto Paraguay sedimentation. This event resulted in erosion of shallow carbonate basins and, potentially, the demise and disintegration of the Neoproterozoic carbonate platforms in southern Amazon Craton. 相似文献
16.
Edwin J. Anderson 《Sedimentology》2004,51(3):455-477
The lowermost Cretaceous (Berriasian) Sierra del Pozo Formation is divisible into metre‐scale cycles that are bundled in a four‐tiered hierarchy of cycles and cyclic sequences. At the smallest scale, sixth‐order cycles, thought to be the product of precessionally forced sea‐level fluctuations (c. 20 ka), average less than a metre in thickness, shallow upward and are bounded by surfaces where deeper facies abruptly overlie shallower facies. Bundles of sixth‐order cycles, called fifth‐order sequences, are recognized by two types of asymmetric patterns in facies distribution. First, more pronounced facies changes occur at sixth‐order cycle boundaries lower in a sequence, whereas smaller facies changes occur at cycle boundaries higher in a sequence. Secondly, subtidal marine limestones (i.e. biomicrites and biosparites) are the dominant facies lower in a cyclic sequence, whereas more restricted or shallower water facies (i.e. mud‐cracked microbial laminites, dolomites, shale and clay) are more predominant higher in a cyclic sequence. The bundling of sixth‐order cycles is explained as a product of periodic change (100 ka) in the eccentricity of the earth's orbit. The degree of orbital eccentricity modulates the magnitude of precessional sea‐level fluctuations, which in turn determine the relative facies contrasts at sixth‐order cycle boundaries. Larger scale fourth‐ and third‐order sequences are defined by similar patterns in facies contrast at successive sequence boundaries and by a change in predominant facies type from bottom to top. These patterns are explained as the product of 400 ka and 2 Ma periodic variations in the eccentricity of the earth's orbit. In summary, the strength of the precessional signal varies in consort with periodic changes in orbital eccentricity at three time scales producing a stacked hierarchy of cycles and sequences of cycles. Change in obliquity of the earth's axis may modulate the effects of the precessional signal and thereby modify patterns of preserved cyclic structure. This interpretation of cyclicity in the Sierra del Pozo section is markedly different from that of Jiménez de Cisneros & Vera (1993), who attributed all rock cycles to a single process (obliquity) even though the cycles they described varied in thickness from less than 1 m to more than 4 m. The cycles they described are shown here to be either precessional cycles or composite sets of precessional cycles (100 ka sequences). In this new hierarchical interpretation, ninety‐six 100 ka and twenty‐four 400 ka sequences are recognized, extending the time of deposition of the Sierra del Pozo section to more than 9·6 Ma. 相似文献
17.
一个陆表海的潮坪沉积模式 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文从三个方面探讨了晚前寒武纪陆表海碳酸盐岩潮坪的清水沉积环境,并归纳出了中元古宙雾迷山组于该环境中的沉积模式:(1)岩石类型,基本上是由沉积白云岩组成,厚达三千余米,伴生有硅岩及微量陆源碎屑;(2)显示了浅水及潮坪沉积环境的叠层石组合及其它各种沉积形相;(3)旋(韵)律性组合,在纵向层序中可以见到多级次套叠的旋(韵)律性沉积,每一部段都寓示着若干赋存于各有既定层位的信息,即它的沉积物、古生物及沉积形相大致上是经常固定的组合。通过上述资料分析,综合归纳出了雾迷山组的陆表海潮坪沉积模式,它是在进积的背景上经历了海侵-海退的演化。 相似文献
18.
大连地区甘井子组是辽宁重要的新元古界层位，发育大量的碳酸盐岩.运用经典层序地层学理论，通过对野外实测剖面的综合分析，对大连地区新元古界震旦系甘井子组进行层序地层学研究，共识别出5个层序界面，划分了4个三级层序，15个准层序组和55个准层序.甘井子组碳酸盐岩沉积可划分为局限台地亚相和开阔台地亚相，进一步划分为潟湖、潮坪、潮下低能和浅滩微相.运用区域大地构造和天文旋回方法对甘井子组环境演化进行探讨，认为其经历了局限台地→开阔台地→局限台地的演化过程.受扬子旋回末期低幅度的构造升降作用影响，大连地区南关岭期末期—甘井子期出现了5次短暂暴露，形成了5个层序界面.同时受周期性天文旋回的影响形成了准层序、层对等高频旋回.通过对大连地区甘井子组进行层序地层和沉积演化研究，为探索辽东南地区的油气资源提供依据. 相似文献
19.
川陕边境广元宁强间的志留系 总被引：13，自引：6，他引：13
<正> 李希霍芬(Richthofen 1882)将宁强牢固关、黄坝驿、茅坪沟、广元校场坝、神宣驿(即宣河)和朝天驿(即朝天镇)之间的地层分为8层。珊瑚化石(i层)经Lindstrom鉴定为 Favosites forbesi,Halysites calenularius,Heliolites,Caythophyllum,Amplexus和Alveolites;腕足类经Kayser鉴定为Orthis类(h层),Orthis calligramma 和Spirifer(1层)。葛利普(1924)把宁强广元间的志留系分为朝天组(Chaotien Formation),浅水 相似文献